331 
feed.  In  a  supplementary  note  at  the  end  of  this  report  we  shall 
draw  attention  to  the  possibility  that  they  derived  infection  after 
arrival  at  our  camp. 
It  is,  of  course,  easy  to  explain  the  discrepancies  in  the  evidence 
quoted  as  being  due  to  lack  of  infectivity  m  the  tsetse  or  the  game, 
or  that  the  trypanosome  infection  was  so  mild  as  to  escape  clinical 
detection,  but  it  appears  to  us  that  this  is  a  confession  of  ignorance 
on  the  most  essential  points,  upon  a  knowledge  of  which  improved 
prophylactic  measures  might  be  adopted  ;  and  when  we  add  to  this 
the  fact  that  all  game  experimentally  inoculated*— zebra  and  zebra- 
hybrids.  a  springbok,  jackals,  most  monkeys,  rats.  &c.— became 
infected,  it  must  be  admitted  that  a  thorough  re-investigation  of  the 
relationship  between  game,  tsetse  and  disease  should  be  undertaken. 
Are  other  biting  flies  not  implicated  in  this  disease  ?  Tabanidae 
{Tabanus  and  liaematafotc^  and  Stomoxys  are  irregularly  distributed 
over  the  whole  country  we  travelled ;  but  in  much  smaller  number 
than  Glossina.  Chrysop  is  uncommon  and  Pangonia  was  only 
taken  at  three  places,  each  roughly  twenty  miles  apart  at  points  of  a 
triangle  - -Chunga,  Dell  Farm,  and  close  to  Mirwangi  Village.  We 
never  heard  of  it  elsewhere.  Hippobosca  was  not  seen  by  us  in 
Northern-Eastern  Rhodesia,  but  Neave  has  taken  them  in  the  Lovu 
V  alley. 
In  a  previous  paperf  reference  was  made  to  Tabanus  acting  as 
transmitting  agent.  A  second  native  has  made  a  similar  accusation, 
asserting  that  this  fly  was  responsible  for  many  deaths  in  cattle  at 
Kota-Kota  in  1903.  Europeans  and  other  natives  have  never  had 
occasion  to  incriminate  Tabanidae  and  use  the  well-worn  argument 
that  they  exist  where  there  is  no  disease.  Only  one  exception  may 
be  made  for  the  case  of  a  European  settler  who  has  blamed 
biaematapota  for  the  death  of  some  donkeys.  We  have  not 
personally  met  this  settler  and  have  no  first-hand  data. 
The  case  against  Stomoxys  is  different.  We  have  concluded  that 
in  an  epidemic  at  Broken  Hill  this  played  an  active  part  in  extending 
transmission  to  those  cattle  which  had  not  recently  at  least  been  in 
*  Vide  Jakimoff.  Cent.  f. 
Uurham  and  Blandford.  Proc. 
Vlh 
t  Montgomery  and  Kinghoin. 
Bakt.  I  Orig.,  Vol.  XXXVII,  p.  66S.  Kanthack, 
Roy.  Soc.,  i8g8,  LXIV,  p.  100.  Martini.  Dent. 
Grothu.sen.  Arch.  f.  Schiff-  u.  Tropenhyg.,  1903, 
Annals  Trop.  Med.  and  Parasit.,  Vol.  If,  No.  2. 
