Sir  R.  Boyce,  are  given  by  Colonel  Gorgas,  the  able  and  distinguished 
Medical  Officer  in  charge  of  the  Sanitary  Department,  as  follows:  — 
Death  rate  among  employes 
Year 
Force 
Deaths 
Rate  per  i,ooo 
1906 
26,705 
1,105 
41-37 
1907 
39)343 
1)>32 
2877 
1908 
43.890 
571 
13-01 
The  death  rate  among  the  black 
employes  has  fallen  as  follows 
Year 
Force 
Deaths 
Rate  per  i,ooo 
1906 
21,441 
1,083 
47-24 
1907 
28,634 
953 
33-28 
oc 
0 
31)507 
402 
1 2-76 
This  means  that  in 
1906  out  of  every  1,000  blacks  on  the  rolls, 
died,  while  in  1908  only  12  died. 
that  is 
to  say  one-quarter  of 
deaths. 
Among  the  total  population  of  Panama,  Colon  and  the  Canal 
Zone,  the  deaths  were  as  follows  : 
Year 
Population 
Number  of  deaths 
Rate  per 
1906 
66,01 1 
3)544 
49-10 
1907 
102,133 
3)435 
33-63 
1908 
120,097 
2,983 
24-83 
That  is  to  say,  in  1908  the  death-rate  was  half  what  it  was  in 
1906. 
In  1906  there  were  233  deaths;  in  1907,  154  deaths;  in  1908,  73 
deaths.  That  is  with  a  force  more  than  one-third  larger,  there  were 
in  1908  one-third  fewer  deaths  from  malaria  than  occurred  in  1906. 
Colonel  Gorgas  remarks :  — ‘  I  consider  malaria  the  best  measure 
of  the  sanitary  work  done.  In  1906  out  of  every  thousand  employes 
we  admitted  in  our  hospitals  from  malaria,  821;  in  1907,  424;  in 
1908,  282  ;  that  is,  we  now  have  only  about  one-third  the  amount  of 
malaria  among  our  employes  that  we  had  three  years  ago.’ 
7.  Havana. 
Although  the  following  figures  do  not  refer  to  malaria,  they  are 
of  great  importance  as  showing  the  effect  of  anti-mosquito  measures, 
in  the  diminution  of  yellow  fever,  to  an  outbreak  of  which  Jamaica 
