44 ARC ARC 
it was her with, after having fulfilled her promifes, to nions. All the figures are in iron. The king appears 
return to her former condition. The count of Dunois had bareheaded, and by him lies his helmet furmounted with 
exhorted her to perfevere till the Englifh were finally ex- a crown. Oppofite to him is the Maid herfelf, in the fame 
pelled. Overcome by his importunities, fhe had thrown attitude of grateful devotion to heaven. It is a molt pre- 
herfelf into Compeigne, which at that time was befieged_ cious and invaluable hiftorical monument, 
by the duke of Burgundy. In a fally on the quarters of “ In the Hotel deVille ^continues Wraxall) is a portrait 
John of Luxembourg, fhe was defected by her friends, of the fame immortal woman, which I fiudied long and 
furrounded by her enemies, and after a gallant reliftance attentively. Though it was not done till 1581, which was 
taken prifoner. She is fuppofed to have been betrayed near 130 years after her deceafe, it is yet the oldeft and 
by the envy of the French, who repined at every fuccefs belt picture of her now exifting. The painter feems un¬ 
being afcribed to her influence; and the negleft of Charles, doubtedly to have drawn a flattering refemblgnce of her, 
who made not the flighted effort to procure her releafe, and to have given his heroine imaginary charms. Her 
proves that he no longer expedited to derive any benefit face, though long, is of exceeding beauty, heightened by 
from the indrument he had adopted. The duke of Bed- an exprellion of intelligence and grandeur rarely united, 
ford purchafed from John of Luxembourg this important Her hair falls loofely down her back, and fhe wears on 
captive, and commenced a profecution againfl her, which, her head a fort of bonnet enriched with pearls, and (haded 
whether undertaken from policy or revenge, fiains with with white plumes, tied under her chin with n firing, 
barbarity his accomplifhed character. As a prifoner of About her neck is a little collar, and lower down, upon 
war, Joan was entitled to the courtefy of good ufage, her bofom, a necklace compofed of fmall links. Her 
praflifed by civilized nations ; and in her military capa- drefs, which is that of a woman, I find it difficult exactly 
city (he never had been impeached of adding with treachery to defcribe. It fits clofe to the body, and is cut or flatbed 
or cruelty. But her enemies were inexorable ; and to dif- at the arms and elbows. Round her waifi is an embroi- 
guife the fource of their enmity, they prevailed on the dered_girdle, and in her right hand fhe holds the fword 
bifhop of Beauvais to profiitute the facred name of reli- with which fhe expelled the enemies of her fovereign and 
gion to the perfecution they meditated. The bifhop pre- her country. 1 am not furprifed at the animated and en- 
tended that Joan had been taken in his diocefe, and defired thufiaftic attachment which the French (till eherifh for her 
to have her tried by an ecclefiaftical court for forcery, memory. The critical and defperate emergency in which 
impiety, idolatry, and magic ; the univerfity of Paris dif- (lie appeared; her fex, youth, and even the obfcurity of 
graced itfelf by joining the requeft. But joan for a long her birth; the unparalleled fuccefs which crowned her 
time defended herfelf with becoming firmnefs; fhe ac- enterprize ; the cruel and detefiable fentence by which (lie 
knowledged her intention to expel the Englifh, the inva- was put to death ; the air of the marvellous fpread over 
tiers of her country ; and replied, that fhe fubmitted her the whole narration, increafed and (Lengthened by that 
infpirations, which her judges urged as magical, to God, veneration which time affixes to every great event; all 
the fountain of truth. But fhe was already prejudged ; thefe united caufes confpire to place her above mortality, 
her revelations were declared to be the inventions of the Rome and Athens would undoubtedly have ranked her 
devil to delude the people; and fhe was fentenced to be among their tutelary deities, and have eredted temples to 
delivered over to the fecular arm. It is with indignation her honour; nor can I help being amazed, that, amidfi the 
the reader mull perufe her fate ; the Maid of Orleans was almoft infinite number of modern faints who croud and dif- 
found guilty of herefy and witchcraft; and fentenced to grace the French churches, no altar was ever eredted to 
be burnt alive, the then punifhmerit for fuch offences, the Maid of Orleans.” 
But, previous to the inflidition of this dreadful fentence, ARCA'DE, J\ [French.] A continued arch ; a walk 
they were refolved to make her abjure her former errors; arched over: 
and at length fo far prevailed by terror and rjgorous treat- Qr call the winds through long arcades to roar, 
ment, that her (pints were broken by the hardfhips fhe Proud t0 catch cold at a Venetian door. Pope. 
was to fuffer. Her former vifionary dreams began to va- 1 
uifii, and a gloomy diftruft took place of her late infpira- ARCA'DI, or Arca'dians, the name of a learned 
tions. She publicly declared herfelf willing to recant, and fociety at Rome. 
promifed never more to give way to the vain delufions ARCA'DI A, an inland diftrift in the heart of Pelopon- 
which had hitherto milled her, and impofed on the people, nefus. It is mountainous, and fitter for pafture than corn; 
This was what her oppreflbrs defired ; and, willing to fliew and therefore chiefly celebrated by bucolic or paftoral 
fome appearance of mercy, they changed her fentence into poets, who feign Pan, the god of fhepherds, to be the 
perpetual imprifonment, and to be fed during life on bread guardian of it. Virgil . It has to the north Achaia, to the 
and water. But the rage of her enemies was not yet fa- eaft Argos and I.aconia, Meflenia to the fouth, and Elis 
tiated. Sufpefting that the female habit which fhe had to the weft. According to Pliny, the wine of this coun- 
confented to wear was difagreeable to her, they purpofely try cured barrennefs in women, and infpired the men with 
placed in her apartment a fuit of man’s apparel, and watch- rage ; and the berries of the yew gathered there were fo 
ed for the effeits of their temptation upon her. Their ar- flrong a poifon, that whoever flept or took refrefhment 
fifices prevailed. Joan, (truck with the fight of a drefs in under that tree were fure to die. In Strabo’s time there 
which lhe had gained fo much glory, immediately threw were few cities remaining in it, mod of them being de- 
off her penitent’s robes, and put on the forbidden garment, ftroyed in the Grecian wars. Euftathius fays, that the 
Her enemies caught her equipped in this manner; and her country was anciently called Pelajgia, from Pelafgos, who 
imprudence was confidered as a relapfe into her former brought the people, from roots, herbs, and leaves of trees, 
tranfgreffions. No recantation would fuffice, and no par- to feed on acorns, efpecially beech-maft ; as Artemidorus 
don would be granted. She was condemned to be burnt obferves, that the Arcadians ufually lived on acorns. It was 
alive in the market-place of Rouen; and this infamous alfo called Lycaonia, Gigantis, and Parrhafia. Stephamis .. 
fentence was executed with brutal feverity, A. D. 1432. The Arcadians are greatly commended for their love of, 
A maufoleum was afterwards eredted to the memory of and (kill in, mufic. Homer celebrates their martial prow - 
this woman, in the city of Orleans, which is defcribed by efs, their paftures, their (beep, and their country welh- 
Wraxall, in his Tour, as follows : “ In the ftreet leading watered. The gentilitious name is Arcades, who boafted 
from the bridge (lands the celebrated monument where of their great antiquity, and that they were older than the 
Charles VII. and Joan of Arc, the Maid of Orleans, are fun and moon. They were the firft who had a year of three 
reprefented on their knees before the body of our Saviour, months, and therefore called Proceleni, becaufe their year 
who lies extended on the lap of the Virgin. It was credited was before adjufted in Greece to the courfe of the moon, 
by order of that monarch in 1458, to perpetuate his vidto- Arcadia, a fea-port of the above province, near thp 
ries over the Englifh, and their expulfion from his domi- gulf of the fame name. It is nearly oppofite to the ifle 
