A R C H I T 
ance, and is ornamented with a magnificent portico, a 
grand pediment, and two (lately turrets. The afcent is 
by a beautiful flight of fleps, of black marble, that ex¬ 
tends the whole length of the portico, which is formed of 
twelve lofty Corinthian columns below, and eight of the 
Compofite order above : thefe arc all coupled and fluted. 
The upper feries fupport a noble pediment, crowned with 
its acroteria, in which is a beautiful reprefentation, in bafs- 
relief, of the converfion of St. Paul, executed in a very 
mafterly manner. The magnificent figure of St. Paul on 
the apex of the pediment, with St. Peter on his right hand, 
and St. James on his left, have alfo a fine effect. The 
four evaugelifls, with their proper emblems, on the front 
of the towers, are judicioufly difpofed and well executed. 
St. Matthew is diftinguifhed by an angel, St. Mark by a 
lion, St. Luke by an ox, and St. John by an eagle. In 
the area of this front, on a pedellal of excellent workntan- 
fliip, is the fiatue of queen Anne, formed of white marble, 
with proper decorations. The figures on the bafe repre- 
fent Britannia with her fpear, Gallia with a crown, Hiber¬ 
nia with a harp, and America with a bow. On afcending 
the Heps, we approach the interior of the church by three 
doors, ornamented on the top with bafs-relief: the middle 
door, which is by far the larged, is cafed with white mar¬ 
ble, and over it is a fine piece of baflo-relievo, in which 
St. Paul is reprefented preaching to the Bereans. To the 
north portico there is an afcent by feventeen circular fleps 
of black marble ; and it has a dome, fupported by lix large 
fluted columns of the Corinthian order, forty-eight inches 
in diameter. Beneath the upper part of its dome, is a 
large and well-proportioned urn, finely ornamented with 
feftoons, and over it a pediment, fupported by pilaflers in 
the walls, in the front of which is carved the royal arms, 
with the regalia, fupported by angels ; and on the top, at 
proper diftances, are placed the flatties of five of the apof- 
tles.- The fouth portico anfwers in uniformity to the north, 
and has a dome fupported by fix beautiful Corinthian co¬ 
lumns ; but, as the ground is confiderably lower on this 
than on the other fide of the church, the afcent is by a 
flight of twenty-five fleps. This portico has alfo a pedi¬ 
ment above, in which is a phoenix riling out of the flames, 
with the motto Refurgam, underneath it, as being emble¬ 
matical of the prefent cathedral’s riling out of the fire of 
London. On this fide of the building are alfo five ftatues, 
which take their fituation from that of St. Andrew, on 
the apex of the laft-mentioned pediment. At the eaft end 
of the church isafweep, or circular projection, for the altar, 
finely ornamented with a great variety of the orders, and 
decorated with fculpture. 
The dome, that great mafler-piece of claflical architec¬ 
ture, which rifes in the centre of the whole fabric, appears 
exceedingly grand ; twenty-five feet above the roof of the 
church, is a circular range of thirty-two columns, with 
niches placed exactly againft others within ; thefe are ter¬ 
minated by their entablature, which fupports a handfome 
gallery, adorned with a balluftrade ; above thefe columns 
is a range of pilaflers, with windows between, and from 
the entablature of thofe the diameter decreafes very con¬ 
fiderably, and two feet above that it is again contracted. 
From this part the external fweep of the dome begins, 
and the arches meet at fifty-two feet above : on the top of 
the dome is an elegant balcony, and from its centre riles 
the lantern, adorned with Corinthian columns; and the 
whole is terminated by a ball, on which (lands a crofs, 
both of which are elegantly gilt. When thefe parts are 
viewed from below, they greatly deceive the eye of the 
beholder, on account of their great height, as they appear 
exceeding fmall in comparifon with their real lize, which 
is amazingly large. 
This extenfive fabric is furrounded, at a proper diflance, 
by a dwarf Hone wall, on which is placed the mod magni¬ 
ficent balluftrade of call iron, perhaps in the univerfe, of 
about five feet fix inches in height, exclufive of the wall. 
In this inclofure are feven beautiful iron gates, which, to¬ 
gether with the ballullrades, in number about 2500. weigh 
■Vol. II. No. 61. 
£ C T U R E. , 2J 
200 tons and 81 lb. which having coft 6d. per pound, the 
whole, with other charges, amounted to 11,2021. os. fid. 
The total coft of the whole fabric, even in thofe cheap 
times, was 736,752!. 2s. 3^d. 
On entering at the weftern door, the mind is ftrnck by 
the grandeur of the villa : an arcade fupported by mafl'y 
and lofty pillars on each fide, divide the church into the 
body and two ailes, and the view is terminated by the up¬ 
per extremity of the choir; though it is in fome meafure 
obllrudled by the organ. The pillars are adorned with 
columns and pilaflers of the Corinthian and Compofite or¬ 
ders, and the arches of the roof are enriched with fhields, 
feftoons, chaplets, and other ornaments. Its dimenfions 
are as follow : 
The Plan, or Length and Breadth. Feet. 
Whole length of the church and porch - - - - 500 
Whole length of the crofs . 25® 
Breadth of the front with the turrets .... jg 0 
Breadth of the front without the turrets - - - no 
Breadth of the church and three naves - 130 
Breadth of the church and widell chapels ... 
Length of the porch within ------- 
Breadth of the porch within ------- £0 
Length of the platea at the upper Heps ... IOO 
Breadth of the nave at the door 40 
Breadth of the nave at the third pillar, and tribuna 40 
Breadth of the (ide-ailes. ,y 
Diflance between the pillars of the nave ... 2$ 
Breadth of the fame, Angle pillars - - - . . 10 
Two right fides of the great pilaflers of the cupola 25 '35 
Diflance between the fame pilaflers ----- 40 
Outward diameter of the cupola - I + - 
lnward diameter of the fame ------ - JOO 
Breadth of the fquare by the cupola ... - 43 
Length of the fame - -- -- -- -- 3255 
From the door within to the cupola - - - - I9 o 
From the cupola to the end of the tribuna - - - iy 0 
Breadth of each of the turrets - -- -- - 33 
Outward diameter of the lantern - -- -- - ig 
Whole fpace upon which one pillar Hands - - - 875 
Whole fpace upon which all the pillars Hand - - 7000 
The Elevation. 
From tlie ground without to the top of the crofs - 340 
The turrets 222 
To the top of the highelt ftatutes on the front - 135 
The firft pillars of the Corinthian order - - - 33 
The breadth of the fame - -- -- -- - ^ 
Their bafis and pedeftals - -- -- -- - 53 
Their capital ----------- 3 
The architrave, frieze, and cornice - - - . . j 0 
The Compofite pillars at St. Paul’s ----- 2 - 
The ornaments of the fame pillars above and below 16 
The ball in height - -- -- -- -- - g 
The crofs, pedeftal, and bafe ------ 
The triangle of the mezzo relievo, with its cornice 18 
Width. 74 
The bafis of the cupola to the pedeftals of the pillars 38 
The pillars of the cupola - -- -- -- - 2 8 
Their balis and pedeftals - -- -- -- - 3 
Their capitals, architrave, frieze, and cornice - 12 
From the cornice to the outward (lope of the cupola 40 
The lantern from the cupola to the ball ... 30 
The ftatues upon the front, with their pedeftals - 15 
The outward Hope of the cupola ----- 30 
The cupola and lantern, from the cornice of the 
front to top of the crofs ------- 340 
The height of the niches in the front - - - - J + 
Width. 3 
The firft windows in the front - -- -- - 
Width. j 
The extent of the ground-plot, on which the.building 
Hands, is two acres, lixteen perches, twenty-three yards^ 
and one foot. 
I i 
All 
