136 
ARB 
V. Bill gaping in the middle. 
94.. Ardea Pondiceriana, the Pondicherry heron : grey- 
afh ; quill-feathers long, black; middle claw not ferrate. 
Bill yellow, thick at tiie bafe, pointed at the tip, and a lit tie 
bent in, gaping in the middle ; fpace between the bill and 
eyes feathered; legs yellow. Inhabits India; fourteen 
inches and a half long. 
95. Ardea Coromandeliana, the Coromandel heron : 
white ; back, wings, and tail black ; upper mandible fer¬ 
rate from the middle to the tip. Bill like the la ft, and 
with the legs reddifh-yellow ; upper part of the head with 
black lines ; lores and chin naked, black ; irids red ; toes 
connected at the bafe. Inhabits Coromandel : feeds on 
fill) and reptiles. 
96. Ardea fcolopacea, the fcolopaceous heron : brown ; 
throat and breuli (freaked with white; chin and legs 
white; wings and tail copper-colour. Bill brown-red, 
blueifti at the tip, and a little bent in ; noftrils a mere flit 
in the furrow of the bill; orbits naked, tawny ; middle- 
toe connected at the bafe and pedbinate on the inner edge ; 
legs whitidi. Inhabits Cayenne ; twenty-five inches long ; 
an intermediate fpecies between the Ardea and Scolopax 
genus. 
ARDE'A, anciently a town of Latium, the royal refi- 
dence of T lirnus kingof the Rutuli; fo cal'ed either from 
the augury of the heron, or from theexcefiive heat of the 
country. It was a marfiiy, fickly, fituation. It was built 
by Danae, the mother of Ferfeus, about five miles diftant 
from the fea,and twenty from Rome; now a hamlet. It 
was a Roman colony; tile inhabitants called Ardcalcs. 
Livy. Lat.41. 30. Ion. t7.49.E- 
AR'DEBIL, or Ar'devil, a city cf Perfia, in the pro¬ 
vince of Aderbijan. It was taken and burnt by Jenghiz 
Khan in 1222, and has been fince rebuilt; and is ranked 
for dignity among the bed cities of the kingdom, on ac¬ 
count of its having been the refidence and burying-place 
of fome of the Perftan kings ; particularly the fepulchre 
of Sheik Sefi, to which the people refort in pilgrimage. 
He founded a charity fufffeient to maintain a thoufand poor 
people, and to feed them three times a-day. Some of 
the principal flreets are planted on each fide with elms 
and linden trees, to keep off the excefiive heat of the fun. 
The meidan, or great fquare, is 300 paces long and 150 
broad, with (hops all round ; which, when this place was 
in a fl-o-.uriffling (late, were liored with all manner of va¬ 
luable commodities. The city is without walls, and is 
feated in die mid ft of a large plain encompaffed with 
mountains, the higheft of which lies weftward, and is al¬ 
ways covered with (now. Tliefe render the air fometimes 
extremely hot, and at others intolerably cold, which occa- 
fions epidemical dillemp-ers, t hat carry off great numbers of 
people. The foil produces little fruit, but is good both 
for corn and p.afture. The fheep "are fo numerous, that 
100,000 have naffed over the city bridge in one day. Here 
are feveral forts of mineral waters, which ferve both for 
common bathing ai d for the cure of various difeafes; one 
of thefe is a ful; hureous fpring, vvhofe exhalations render 
the circumambient air extremely difagreeable. Here are 
alfo three fprings, which produce water boiling hot. 
About half a league from the city is a pool of (landing 
water, which is covered all over witli fait like ice. Lat. 
37. 55 N. Ion. 47. 30. E. 
ARDECAN', a town of Perfia, in the province of Irak, 
forty-! liree leagues eaft of Ifpahan. 
ARDE CHE, one of the new departments of France. 
It takes iis name from the river Ardeche, which falls 
into the Rhone. 
ARDE'E, or A'therdee, a town of Ireland, in the 
county of Louth, thirty-four mites north-well ot Dublin. 
Lit. 53. 54. N. Ion. 6. 40. W. Here is a mount called 
Caftle-guard, nearly ninety feet high, apparently a work 
of art ; the depth of the main trench is between thirty 
and forty feet, the circumference at the top is not lefs 
than one hundred and forty, and round the foundation it 
ts upwards of fix. hundred. Some conclude it to have 
\ 
A R D 
been a fepnlchral monument, and burying-place of fume 
of the Iri Ih kings ; others, that it was a place of affembly, 
for the people to debate on public affairs. 
AR'DBL, f. [from the Brit.] A voucher to clear a 
perfon accufed ot felony. Objolc/.e. 
yaRDEL'ICA or Ariolica, now Pefchiera, in Italy, at 
the conflux of the l ike Benacus with the river Mincius, 
where Atiila had an interview with Leo the Great,-and 
tin- deliverance of Italy was purchafed by the ranfbm of 
the princcfs Honoris. 
AE'DFN, or Ardon, a county of Swifferland, and one 
of the bailiwicks of the Valais. 
AR'DEN, /.' the common name of forefls among the 
Celtic, from the wiidly-extenfive one, which ranged for 
500 miles- acrofs the country of G od, or covered more 
than half the county of Warwick in E. gland, the feitesof 
which (till retain the appellation of Arden, to the much 
(mailer one of the ancient Mancenion, that covered and 
furrounded the (cite of the prefeat Manchefter. Written- 
Armen by Ctcf.r and Tacitus, in (peaking of the foreff in 
Gaul, and Ardvcn by Ofiian, in mentioning the woods of 
Caledonia ; it cannot (fays Mr, Whitaker) be compound¬ 
ed of ar, the prepofitive article in Celtic, and the (ubftan- 
tive den, as Baxter and Camden affert it to be; but is 
formed of ard, an adje&ive, and ven, the fameasrfe«. The 
meaning of the name therefore is not, as Mr. Baxter ren¬ 
ders it, fi rnply the hills, or even, as the ingenious tranflator 
of Ofiian interprets it, th ejiig/i hill. Ard (ignifies either 
high or great, and ven or den either a hill or zuood. Arduen 
Ardvcn, or Arden, then, means a confiderable wood. 
AR'DENL HRG, a town of the Netherlands, in Dutch 
Flanders ; formerly the mod confiderable in that country. 
Lat. <t. 1 6. N. Ion. 3. 30. E. 
AR'DEN-CY, J'. Ardour; eargernefs ; warmtli of affec¬ 
tion.—Accepted our prayers (hall be, if qualified with hu¬ 
mility, and ardency, and peifeverance. Hammond. 
AR DENEL'LA, a town of Hindooftan, in the country 
Coimbctore, forty miles fouth of Seringapatam. 
ARDLN'NES, a foreft of France, which anciently ex¬ 
tended from Rheims to Tournay, and in the nortli-eaft: 
to Sedan. From this foreft one of the-departments of 
France derives its name; bounded on the north by tlae de¬ 
partments of Sambre and Menfe, and of Jemappe ; on the 
eaif, by thofe of Sambre and Meufe, of ilie Forefts, and 
of the Meufe; on the fouth, by thofe of the Meufe, the 
Marne, and the Aifne; and on the weft, by thofe of the 
Aifne and of the Jemappes; Its chief town is Mezieres. 
AR'DENS, adj. [from ardeo, Lat. to burn.] Hot, burn¬ 
ing. 11 is commonly applied to fevers of the inflamma¬ 
tory kind. 
ARDENSAN', a town of Alia, in the province of Ala- 
dulia, thirty-eight miles north-weft of Arzingan. 
AR'DENT, adj. [ardens, Lat. burning.] Hot; burn¬ 
ing; fiery.—Chymifts obferve, that vegetables, as laven¬ 
der, rue, marjoram, See. di(billed before fermentation, 
yield oils without any burning fpirits; but, after fermen¬ 
tation, yield ardent fpirits without oils ; which (hews, that 
their oil is, by fermentation, converted into fpirit. Newton. 
—Fierce; vehement. Pallionate; affectionate ; ufed gene¬ 
rally of delire : 
Another nymph with fatal pow’r may life, 
To damp the finking beams of Celia’s eyes; 
With haughty pride may hear her charms confeft, 
And (corn the ardent vows that I have bleIt . Prior. 
AR D EN'TES, f. in middle-age writers, an appellation 
given to thofe afflifted with the ignis facer, or eryfipelas. 
They were thus called, as feeming to be fcorched or burn¬ 
ed with the difeafe. 
AR'DENTLY, adv. Eagerly; affectionately. — With 
true zeal may our hearts be molt ardently inflamed to our 
religion. Spratt. 
A RDE RO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Naples, 
and province of Calabria Ultra, feven miles fouth of 
Gieruce. 
AR'DES, 
4 
