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AR'DKS, a pernnTula, in the county of Down, in Ul- 
■r.?r, being nearly furrounded by the lrilh channel and the 
bays of Strangford and Carriekfergus. This barony was 
anciently a county of itfelf, as it appears, by a patent roll 
of i Henry I. (A. D. 1400) in Bermingham’s tower, Dub, 
lin-caftle, that the laid king granted to Robert Fitzjordan 
Savage, the office of fheriff of the Ardes, in Ulfler. 
ARD'FERT, a town of Ireland, the ancient capital of 
Kerry, with an univerfity, which was held in high efteem. 
It is a bilhop’s fee, and borough by prescription, and has 
been held in comiiiendam with the bilhopric of Limeric ever 
(ince the reftoration. The ruins here are very extenfive. 
Near the cathedral was an anchoret tower, the loftieft and 
finelt in Ireland, being 120 feet high; it fell in 1771. 
ARD'GLASS, now a decayed, but once a principal, 
town of Down, in Ulifer. Here is a long range of build¬ 
ing, in the caftle dyle, called by the inhabitants the new 
works, though they have no tradition of its delign or life. 
It extends 250 feet in length, in breadth only.24; the 
thicknefs of the walls three feet: it has three towers in 
front joined to it, one at each end, and one in the centre, 
which diews the defign uniform and elegant. It has been 
divided into eighteen apartments below, and the fame 
number above, with a daircafe in the centre ; each apart¬ 
ment on the ground-floor had a fmall Gothic door, and 
a large fquare window, which feems to denote, that they 
were (hops or ware-rooms, occupied at fome very early 
period by merchants who came from fea. Within ten 
feet of the fouth tower of this building, (lands a fquare 
caflle, called Horn-caflle, from the great quantities of ox, 
deer, and cow, horns being found about it; it is forty feet 
by thirty, confids of tw'o dories, and from the fire-places 
and other marks, appears to have been the kitchen and 
dining hall belonging to the merchants. Here are the re¬ 
mains of feveral other cafiles, towers, and gates; and with¬ 
in the N. E. point of Ardglafs harbour, there is a very 
curious natural cave, with a large entrance on the fliore. 
The duties of this port were let to farm, fo lately as the 
beginning of the reign of Charles I. It lies feven miles 
N. E. of Downpatrick. 
ARDI'SIA, f. in botany, a genus of the pentandria 
monogynia clafs. The generic charadlers are—Calyx : 
perianthium one-leafed, five-cleft; clefts Tubulate, upright, 
coloured, permanent. Corolla: one-petalled ; tube fliort, 
length of the calyx ; border five-parted ; parts lanceolate, 
acute, fpreading, at length reflex. Stamina: filaments 
five, fubulate, upright; antherae acute, upright, bifid at 
the bafe, converging at top round the dyle. Pidillum : 
germ fuperior, ovate, very fmall ; dyle fubulate, longer 
than the damens, upright, at length afeending ; fligma 
Ample, acute, permanent. Pericarpium : berry roundifli, 
large. Seed: Angle, roundifli, covered with a hard brittle 
bark, like a nut — EJfinitial Charatder. Calyx five-cleft ; 
corolla one-petalled, five-parted, reflex ; digma Ample ; 
berry roundifli, one-feeded. 
Species. 1. Ardilia excelfa, or laurel-leaved ardifia, or 
aderno : racemes axillary, Ample, leaves obovate cartila¬ 
ginous-ferrate at the edge. 2. Ardifia zeylanica : flowers 
terminating panicled, leaves ovate fubpetioled quite entire, 
frem arboreous. 3. Ardilia tinifolia : flowers panicled, 
leaves elliptic entire nerved, dem arboreous. 4. Ardifia 
eoriacea : flowers panicled, leaves oblong entire veirtlefs 
coriaceous. 5. Ardifia ferrulata : flowers panicled, leaves 
ovate-lanceolate acuminate wrinkled, deni fhrubby, pu- 
befeent. 6. Ardilia lateriflora: racemes lateral or axil¬ 
lary compound, flowers umbelled, leaves oblong acumi¬ 
nate quite entire, dem fhrubby. 7. Ardifia paralitica : 
racemes axillary Ample, leaves feffile lanceolate-ovate 
marked with lines, dem llirubby. The ardifias are trees 
or fhrubs, natives of hot climates, chiefly the Wed Indies, 
AR'D'MIELAN SPA, a chalybeate water of Caltle- 
reagh. on the lake Strangford. 
AllD'MORE-H EAD, a noted promontory on the fouth 
c-oad of Ireland, in the county of Waterford, which forms 
ihe ead fide of YoughaU harbour, 
Voh. II. No. 62. 
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AR'DOUR.yi [ardor, Lat.J Heat.—Joy, like a ray of 
the fun, reflects with a greater ardour and quicknefs, when 
it rebounds uppn a man from the bread .of his friend. South , 
Heat of affection ; as, love, delire, courage : 
Unmov’d the mind of Ithacus remain’d, 
And the vain ardours of our love redrain’d. Pope . 
The perfon ardent or bright. This is only ufed by Milton: 
Nor delay’d the winged faint, 
After his charge receiv’d; but from among 
Thoufand celeltial ardours , where he flood 
Veil’d with his gorgeous wings, up-ipnnging light, 
Flew through the midlt of heaven. Paradife Lojf. 
ARD'RAH, a fmall territory of Africa, in Guinea. It 
lies at the bottom of the gulph of St. Thomas, and has a 
town called Ardres, fuppafed to be the capital. The in¬ 
habitants are very courageous ; and their king was abfo- 
lute till lately, that the king of Dahomy made war upotv 
this and the neighbouring territories, brought them under 
fubjeiStion, and burnt the towns, particularly Ardres. The 
air is very unwholefome to Europeans ; yet the natives 
live to a great age ; but the fmall-pox makes great de- 
ftruftion ainongft them. This country is fertile in Indian 
corn, palm-wine, plants, and fruits, which lad all the 
year; and they make a great deal of fait. 
AR'DRES, a fmall town of France, in the department 
of the Straits of Calais. Francis I. and Henry VIII. of 
England had an interview here, in 1320, when the two 
kings and their attendants difplayed their wealth and finery 
with fuch emulation, that the plain where they met was 
named the field of the doth of gold. Ardres is leafed in a 
morafs, 8 miles S. of Calais. Lat.50. 50. N. Ion. 1.59. E. 
AR'DUBA, an ancient city of the Panonians. It 
was taken by Germanicus, about the feventh year of the 
Chriftian era ; but its reduction was more owing to the 
difagreement that reigned among the inhabitants than to 
the valour of the Romans, The greater part of the citi¬ 
zens were for fubmitting ; but the women, more fond of 
their ancient laws and liberties than the men, joined fome 
Roman deferters, and, falling upon their hulbands, killed 
a great number of them : but being at lad overcome by 
the men, who then fubmitted to the Romans, the women 
either threw themfelves headlong from the tops of the 
walls, or, fetting fire to their houfes, burnt themfelves 
and their children to death. 
ARDUI'N A,yi [fo named in honour of Pietro Arduini, 
curator of the oeconomical garden at Padua.'] In botany, 
a genus of the pentandria monogynia clafs, ranking in the 
natural order of contorts. The generic characters are_. 
Calyx : perianthium five-parted, ereft, acute, fmall, per¬ 
manent. Corolla,: one-petalled, funnel-lhaped ; tube cy¬ 
lindrical, a little curved inwards at top; border five-part¬ 
ed, acute, fpreading. Stamina : filaments five, fimple, 
fhorter than the tube, and inferted into the lower part of it; 
anthers oblong, within the throat of the corolla. Pidil¬ 
lum: germ fuperior, ovate; dyle filiform, the length of 
the tube; digma bifid, thickifh. Pericarpium: berry 
globular-oval, two-celled. Seeds : folitary, oblong, hard. 
—EJfcntial Char adder. Corolla, one-petalled ; digma, bi¬ 
fid ; berry, two-celled ; feeds, folitary. 
There is only one fpecies, called arduina bifpinofa, or 
two-fpined arduina. It is a low llirubby plant, feldom ri¬ 
ling above four or five feet high. It lends out fpreading 
branches in pairs from top to bottom; they are covered 
with a dark-green bark, and are armed with Ihort firong 
thorns, which come out by pairs, and fome times, there are 
double pairs upon the fame footftalks; thel'e are lituated 
jud below the leaves, and, where there are four, two point 
upwards, and the other two downwards. The leaves are 
heart-lliaped, not much larger than thofe of the box-tree, 
(about an inch long, and three-quarters of an inch broad 
at their bafe,) of the fame confidence and colour, termi¬ 
nating in acute points; they are placed oppofite in pairs 
pretty dole together, and continue green all the year. 
The flowers come opt in cinders at the end of the branches, 
N a upon 
