ARE 
& nuilKet-balJ, though it is fcarcely an inch thick; and 
within this is a pithy farinaceous fubdance (imilarto fome 
others of the palm-kind. The Barbadoes cabbage-tree, 
fays Browne, is the mod beautiful tree 1 have ever ffen, 
and may be very lawfully efteemed the queen of (he woods j 
it grows to a very conliderable fize; riles by a fmall draight 
trunk, which bilges moderately at Come didance above the 
root; and dioots by a round tapering body to the top, where 
it fpreads into a large and beautiful foliage, not unlike 
that of the cocoa-nut tree. The lower part of each rib is 
pretty broad, and formed into a (heath, which embraces 
all thofe that grow between it and the centre ; fo that they 
continue the form of the trunk foT fonie (pace above the 
real furnmit of the dem, whence it throws out, on oppo- 
fite fides, two large branched bunches, well befet with 
mixed dowers: but thefe continue covered by a (Inipie 
fpathe, until all the parts are ready for generation. Both 
the bunch and dieath refemble thole of the cocoa-nut 
palm very much ; but the fpathe of this is more loft and 
delicate, and the bunch more fertile and fpreading; tho’ 
the fruit is very fmall, and feldom exceeds the lize of a 
pea. • The feeds of this beautiful tree were fird carried to 
Jamaica by his excellency admiral Knowles, then gover¬ 
nor of the ifland; and it has fince been cultivated there 
with great care. It is chiedy planted for its beauty, and 
feldom or never cut down for the cabbage, or for any other 
life. Ligon and other travellers fpeak of cabbage-trees 
from ioo to 200, 250, and even 300, feet in height, with 
a trunk no bigger than a man’s thigh. More modern tra¬ 
vellers are not willing to allow them a greater height than 
from thirty to too feet. The Wed-Indian cabbage-tree 
was introduced into the royal garden at Kevv in 1787, by 
Hinton Ead, Efq. 
Many other fpecies of palms are mentioned by Rurnphi- 
us, fome of which are undoubtedly of this genus; but, 
Being imperfectly known, they are not fet down here. 
There is alfo a lort named arecafapidaby Solander, which 
grows fpontaneoully in New Zealand, and thence to Char¬ 
lotte Sound, and abounds in Norfolk Illand: but we are 
not acquainted with the fructification of it. 
Propagation and Culture. See Palms. 
AREFAC'TION, f. [arefacio, Lat. to dry.] The date 
of growing-dry; the aCl of drying. 
To A'REFY, v. a. [arefacio, Lat. to dry.] To dry ; to 
exhaud of moidure.—Heat drieth bodies that do eafily ex¬ 
pire, as parchment, leaves, roots, clay, &c. and fo doth 
time or age arefy, as in the faitie bodies, &c. Bacon. 
ARE'GON,yi r, from aguyw, to help.] A refol- 
vent ointment: fo called from its valuable qualities. 
AREI'RA,/. in botany. See Schinus. 
AREKE'A, a fea-port town on the coad of Africa, in 
the Red Sea, fifty-five miles from Suaken. 
A'RELATE, or Arela'tum, anciently a town of 
’Gallia Narbonenfis, lituated on the Rhone, denoting a 
town on, or beyond, a marlh, according to the particular 
fituation of the fpeaker; called Arelatc Sextanorum, becaufe 
it had a colony of the fixth legion. Writers of the lower 
age call it Arelas, atis. There was a double Arelas, one 
on each fide of the river and joined by a bridge; that on 
the left fide is thought to have been built by Condantine. 
Tiberius’s father was fent by Julius Csefar at the head of 
the colony, and hence the appellation Julia Paterna, as ap¬ 
pears from an ancient infeription. It was the favourite 
place of the Romans, and greatly ornamented; and hence 
called Gullula Roma. It is now called Arles. Lat. 43.40. 
N. Ion. 5.5. E. 
ARE'LI, f. in botany. See Nerium. 
A'REMBERG, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
the Lower Rhine, and capital of a duchy to which it gives 
name, fituated on the Ahr, in the Eiffel. It was ere£fed 
into a principality by Maximilian II. in favour of Johnde 
Ligne, lord of Brabancon, who took the name of Arem- 
berg; lixteen miles fouth-fouth-wed of Bon, fifty-two 
ead-fouth-ead of Liege, and twenty-fix fouth of Cologne. 
Lat. 50. 32. N. Ion. 24. 20. E. from Ferro. 
ARE 
AREMO'RICA, or Armo'rica, a part of Gaul be’ 
tween the Sequana and Ligeris ; denoting a country on, o l * 
beyond, the fea, ar moer, or aremocr, Celtic. Pliny indeed 
fays, that Aquitania was formerly called Aremoncd ; but iff 
this he Hands alone. In the lower age, the term Arono. 
rica was confined to Bretagne in France. 
ARE'NA, a river of Sicily, which runs into the fea, 
near the town of Mazara. 
Arena, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Naples, and 
province of Calabria Ultra, fixteen miles ead of Nicotera. 
Arena, f. [from *nn Heb. harar , to dry up.] Sand; 
gravel. 
Arena, f. in Roman antiquity, a place where the gla¬ 
diators fought; fo called from its being always drewed 
•with fand, to conceal from the view of the people the 
blood fpilt in the combat. Nero is laid to have drewed. 
the arena with gold-dud. 
AREN A'CEOUS, adj. [arena, Lat. fand.] Sandy; ha¬ 
ving the qualities of fand. 
ARENA'CUM, or Arena'cus, one of the four towns 
or larger villages in the ifland of the Batavi. Tacitus „ 
Now Arnhem, in Guelderland. Lat. 52. 2. N. Ion. 5.20.E. 
AREN A'MEN ,/1 [arena, Lat. land.] Bole ammoniac : 
fo called becaufe it is procured from fandy places. 
ARENA'RI A,/i [from its native foil, arena, or fand.J. 
Sandwort, in botany, a genus of the decandria trigynia 
clafs, ranking in the natural order of caryophyllei. The 
generic characters are—Calyx : perianthium five-leaved ; 
leaflets oblong, acuminate, fpreading, permanent. Co¬ 
rolla: petals five, ovate, entire. Stamina: filaments ten, 
fubulate, (five alternately interior;) antherae roundifh. 
Pidillum : germ ovate ; ftyles from ereCt, reflex ; fligmaS' 
thickifh. Pericarpium: capfule ovate, covered, one-cell- 
ed, three or fix vaived. Seeds: very many, kidney-ilia- 
ped.— EJfential Character. Calyx five-leaved, expanding; 
petals five, entire; capfule one-celled, many-feeded. 
Species. 1. Arenaria peploides, or fea-fandwort or chick- 
weed : leaves ovate-acute, flelhy. Root perennial; leaves 
fmooth, refembling thofe of purflain, coming out in pairs 
and decuffated, growing fo clofe together at the tops of 
the flalks as to make them appear quadrangular. Fre¬ 
quent on the fandy fea-coads in the north of Europe. 
With us near Sheernefs in Kent, Yarmouth in Norfolk, 
Southwold in Suffolk; in Scotland near Leith, See. It 
flowers in June and July. 
2. Arenaria tetraquetra, or fquare fandwort: leaves ovate 
keeled, recurved, imbricate four ways. Stems almofl up¬ 
right, fo abundant in alternate branches as to form a tuft. 
Allione deferibes the root as oblong, and perennial; the 
dem with many upright branches; the leaves connate,, 
firm, recurved, acute, furnilhed with a nerve, near the 
root longer than the-internodes, but fhorteron the branch¬ 
es. Flowers five or fix, heaped into a head. D’Affo fays, 
that the plant which he faw was fcarcely an inch high ; in 
the gardens it grows to near a foot. The flowers are 
white. It is a native of the Pyrenean mountains, Arragon, 
the mountain of Tende, &c. flowering in July or Augufl. 
3. Arenaria biflora, or two-flowered fandwort: leaves 
obovate, obtufe; dems procumbent; peduncles two-flow¬ 
ered, lateral. Leaves like'thofe of wild thyme. It is a 
native of the high Alps of Savoy and Switzerland, near 
the melting'fnow. 
4. Arenaria lateriflora, or fide flowering fandwort: leaves 
ovate, obtufe; peduncles lateral, two-flowered. Dilco- 
vered in Siberia, by Gmelin. 
5. Arenaria trinervia, or plantain-leaved chickweed or 
fandwort : leaves ovate acute, petiole nerved. Root an¬ 
nual. Haller obferves, that this fpecies has the appear¬ 
ance of common chickweed; but that the dem is harder, 
rough, branching, a foot high. Mr. Curtis has given the 
didin&ions very accurately. The dalk is uniformly co¬ 
vered with very Ihort hairs, fcarcely difcernible: it grows 
ereit: the leaves have three drong veins or ribs : the pe¬ 
tals are entire : and the feeds are black, perfectly fmooth, 
and fiiining. Whereas common chickweed has a row' of 
hairs 
