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ARLSTE'A , f. til botany, a genus .of the triandria 
•monogynia clafs, ranking in the natural order of enfatae. 
The generic characters are—Calyx : fpathes bivalve. Co¬ 
rolla:' petals (ix, oblong, fpreading, nearly equal. Sta- 
rjiha: filaments three, filiform, (hot ter than the petals j 
antherae oblong, erect-incumbent. Piftilhun : germ infe¬ 
rior, three-cornered ; ftyle filiform, longer than the fila¬ 
ments, decimate ; (tigma funnel-form, gaping, fimbriated 
.on the margin, (omewhat three-cornered. Pericarpittm : 
capfule oblong, three-cornered, three-celled, three-valved, 
;Sceds : very many.— EJJaitiai Char a tier. Petals Jix ; (tyle 
decimate ; -ftigina funnel-form, gaping } capfule inferior, 
with many feeds. 
There is only one fpecies, called ariftea cyanea, or grafs- 
leaved ariftea. It is a low plant, which rarely riles more 
than three or four inches high. The leaves are narrow 
and veined. '1 he flowers are final), growing in a downy 
head on the top of the ftalje, but they make little appear¬ 
ance. It grows naturally at the Cape of Good Hope. In 
the catalogue of the royal botanic garden at Kew, it is faid 
to have been introduced by Mr. Francis Malion ; and to 
flower from April to June. 
ARISTEL'LA, f. in botany. See Stipa. 
ARIS'THENES, a goatherd, who lived on mount Tit- 
t-liion, near Epiduurus. One day, as he was counting his 
goats, he milted one, together with his dog ; and going 
to feek them, he Found the goat employed in fuckling a 
child. He was going to carry it away, bur, as form as he 
drew near, it was furrounded with light, from which he 
imagined there was fomething fitpernatural in the cale. 
It happened to be ftEfculapius, whom Coronis had been 
delivered of in this place, 
ARISTI'DA, f {.arifa, an awn, or beard.] In botany, 
a genus of the triandria digynia clafs, ranking in the na¬ 
tural order of grantina or grades. The generic characters 
are—Calyx : glume one-flowered, bivalve; valves linear- 
fubulate, membranaceous, unequal. Corolla : glume bi¬ 
valve, thicker than the calyx ; outer valve linear, con¬ 
verging longitudinally, hirfute at the bafe, terminated by 
three awns, fubequal petalous ; inner valve lanceolate, 
•{harp, very fttort, wrapped within the outer valve ; nec¬ 
tary two-leaved ; leaflets lanceolate, obtufe. Stamina : 
filaments capillary, antherae obLong. Piftillum; germ tur¬ 
binate ; ftyles capillary ; ftigmas villofe. Pericarpium : 
rone ; glume converging, involving, gaping. Seed: one, 
filiform, the length of the corolla, naked.— EJfential Cha¬ 
racter. Calyx, two-valved ; corolla, one-valved ; with 
three terminal awns. 
Species■ i. Ariftida adfeenfionis : panicle branching, 
fpikes fcattered, corollas one-valved. Culms in tufts, 
from one to two feet high. Native of Jamaica, in dry 
fands, Browne calls it the bearded grafs. 
2. Ariftida Americana: panicle fimple, corollas two- 
valved, one with dorfal, the other with terminating, awns. 
Culm half a foot high, rifing, jointed, fubdivided. Native 
of Jamaica with the foregoing. This being lefs than that, 
Dr. B rownc calls it the fmaller bearded grafs. 
3. Ariftida plumofa: panicled, the middle awn longeft 
and woolly, culms villofe. By the reference to Tourne- 
fort’s corollary, we may prefume this to be a native of 
the Eaft ; and Linnaeus fays, that it was found in Ame¬ 
rica by Schreber. 
4. Ariftida arundinacea: panicled, corollas two-valved, 
middle awn longer, fmooth. Culms four feet high. Found 
in the Eaft Indies, by Koenig. 
5. Ariftida gigantea : panicle elongated, loofe, one- 
jranked ; calyxes one-flcwered ; awns of the corolla fub¬ 
equal ftraight, This is a very lofty grafs, branching, and 
very fmooth. Found on the ifland of Teneriffe by Malion. 
6. Ariftida hyftrix : panicle divaricated, very fpreading; 
flowers quite fimple, fmooth, awns ftraight, divaricated. 
This is a creeping yery fmooth grafs. Obferved in Ma- 
Labar by Koenig, ft varies with downy (heaths to- the 
ji'oot-leaves. 
fVRJST.rpES, furnamed the JuJl, fiourifhed at Athens 
A R I 
at the fame time with Themiftocles, who triumphed over 
him by his boiftero,us eloquence, and got him baniftied, 
483 years before Cbrirt. See Ostracism. But Aviftides, 
being recalled a fhort time after, would never join with 
the enemies of Themiftocles to get him banilhed ; for no¬ 
thing could make him deviate from the ftri&eft rules of 
moderation and juftice. Ariftides brought the Greeks to 
unite again!! the Perlians; diftinguiftied him lei f at the fa¬ 
mous battle of Marathon, and that of Salamine and Platea ; 
and eftabliftied an annual income of 460 talents for a fund 
to fupply the expences of war. This great man died fb 
poor, though he had the management of the revenues of 
Greece, that the date was obliged to pay his funeral ex¬ 
pences, to give fortunes to his daughters in marriage, and 
a maintenance to his Ion Lyfimachns. 
Aristides, of Miletus, a famous Greek author, often 
cited by the ancients. 
Aristides, a very eloquent Athenian orator, who be¬ 
came a convert to the Chriftian reljjgioft, and about the 
year 124 prefented to the emperor Adrian an apology for 
the Chriftians. 
Aristides (TElius), a celebrated orator, born in Myfia, 
about 129 years before the Chriftian era. The belt edition 
of his works is that of Oxford, printed in Greek and Latin, 
in two volumes quarto. 
Aristides, a painter cotemporary with Apelles, -flou- 
rifhed at Thebes about the i22d Olympiad. He was the 
firft, according to Pliny, who exprelfed charafler and paf- 
fion, the human mind, and its feveral emotions; but he 
w as not remarkable for foftnefs of colouring. “ His moft 
celebrated picture was of an infant (on the taking of a 
town) at the mother’s bread, who is wounded and expi¬ 
ring. The fenfations of the mother were clearly marked, 
and her fear left the child, upon failure of the milk, fhould 
fuck her blood.” “ Alexander the Great (continues the 
fame author) took this picture with him to Pella.” Junius 
(in his treatife de Piciura Veterum) conjectures that the fol¬ 
lowing beautiful epigram of ^Emilianus was written on 
this exquifite picture : 
EAxs, raAa», rra^a ey un tri pa^ov a/xeXftic. 
EXkvctoe uaranat retpa Kara. 1 pSqxEmj. 
H A) |ip6Es - o-i M'lramoos a>.>.a tea //.xtp'SV 
<5>i/Vrga v.a\ ny a (£?; vatSey.opiw tjuaSo*. 
Suck, little wretch, while yet thy mother lives,, 
Suck the laft drop her fainting bofom gives. 
She dies! her tendernefs furvives her breath, 
And her fond love is provident in death. 
ARISTIP'PUS, the founder of the Cyrenaic feft of 
philofophy, was the fon of Aretades, and born at Cyrene 
in Libya. He flourifhed about the 96th Olympiad. The 
great reputation of Socrates induced him to leave his own 
country, and remove to Athens, that he might have the 
fatisfaclion of hearing his difeourfes. He was chiefly de¬ 
lighted with thofe that related to pleafure; which he af- 
ferted to be the ultimate end of all happinefs. His man¬ 
ner of life was agreeable to his opinion; for he indulged 
in all the luxuries of drefs, wine, and women. Though 
he had a plentiful eftate, yet he was the only one of the 
difciples of Socrates who took money for teaching. Upon 
leaving Socrates, he went to ^Egina, where he lived with 
more freedom and luxury than before. Here die became 
acquainted with Lais, the famous courtezan of Corinth ; 
for whofe fake he took a voyage to that city. He conti¬ 
nued at JE gina till the death of Socrates, as appears from 
Plato’s Phcedo, and the epiftle which he wrote upon that 
pecafion. He returned at'laft into his own country, Cy¬ 
rene, where he profefled philofophy, and inftituted his 
fed, which was called Cyrenaic , from the place, and by 
fome the Hedonic, or voluptuous, from its do&rines. Du¬ 
ring the height of the grandeur of Dionyfius the tyrant, a 
great many philofophers reforted to him ; and among the 
reft Ariflippus, who was tempted thither by the magnifi¬ 
cence of his court. Dionyfius afking him the reafon of 
his coming, he replied, ** That it was to give what be 
