A R M 
the faditioiis kind ; and lie tells us the genuine native 
Jubilance was a thing of that value, that prefents were 
made of it to great perfons,' and that the Phoenicians paid 
their tribute in it. It is a very beautiful earth, of an even 
and regular texture ; and of a fine blue, fometimes deeper, 
fometimes paler, and frequently mixed with green. It is 
foft, tender, and light; of an even, but fomewhat dnfty, 
fur face ; it adheres firmly to the tongue, and is dry, but 
not harlh to the touch. It eaiily breaks between the fin¬ 
gers, and does not (Iain the hands. It is of a brackilh dis¬ 
agreeable talie, and will fometimes ferment with acids, 
and fometimes not. It is a very fcarce foffil, but is found 
very pure, though in but finall quantities, in the mines at 
Goffelaer in Saxony. It is frequently found fpotted with 
green, and fometimes with black, and very often is mixed 
among the green ochre, called berggruen by the Germans, 
which has thence been erroneoufiy called by its name. It 
is too foft to give fire with fteel, and lofes its colour when 
heated. It operates indantly as an emetic, in a dole of four 
grains. It differs little from the tapis lazuli. 
ARME'RIA, f. in botany. See Dianthus. 
ARME'RIUS. See Dianthus and Silene. 
AR'MET, a town on the iliand of NoulTa Laout, one 
of the Molucca illands. 
ARM'GAUNT, adj. [from arm and gaunt. Slender 
as the arm : 
So lie nodded, 
And foberly did mount an armgaunt deed. Shake/peare. 
ARM'-HOLE,[from arm and hole.'] The cavity un¬ 
der the fhculder.—Tickling is mod in the foies of the feet, 
and under the arm-holes , and on the fides. The caufe is 
the thinnefs of the (kin in thofe parts, joined with the rare- 
nefs of being touched there. Bacon. 
AR'MIGER, f. efquire, cfcuyer, fcutarius, is a name of 
dignity, next above the degree of gentleman, and below a 
knight. Anciently he was one that was attendant on fuch 
as had the order of knighthood, bearing their fltields and 
other armour, and lie!ping them to horfe, and performing 
other fuch like Cervices. See Esqjjire. 
ARMI'GEROUS, adj. [from armiger, Lat. an armour- 
bearer.] Bearing arms. 
ARMIL'LA,/. larmus, Lat. the arm.] The round 
ligament which confines the tendons of the carpus. 
ARMIL'LARY, adj. [from arniilla, Lat. a bracelet.] 
Something confiding of rings or circles. 
Armillary Sphere, an artificial fphere contpofed of 
a number of circles of the mundane fphere, put together 
in their natural order, to eafe and aflift the imagination in 
conceiving the conftitution of the heavens, and the motions 
of the celedial bodies. The armillary fphere revolves up¬ 
on its axis within a filvered horizon, which is divided into 
degrees, and moveable every way upon a brafs fupporter.. 
The other parts are the equinodial, zodiac, meridian, the 
two tropics, and the two polar circles. 
Armillary Trigonometer, an indrument for ex- 
peditioudy refolving many problems in adronomy, dialling, 
and fpherical trigonometry. It was invented by Mr. Mur¬ 
ray, and greatly improved by Mr. Fergul’on. 
AR'MILLATED, adj. [Latin.] Having bracelets. 
ARMILUS'TRIUM, f. A feftival celebrated by the 
Romans in the field of Mars, on the nineteenth day of Oc¬ 
tober, in which they offered facrifices for the profperity of 
the arms of the Roman empiie. 
AR'MINGS, f. in a (hip, the fame with wade-clothes, 
being clothes hung about the outfide of the fltip’s upper- 
works fore and aft, and before the cubbrige heads. Some 
are a-lfo bung round the tops, called top armings. Chambers. 
ARMI'NIANS, a religious fed, or party, which arofe 
in Holland by a reparation from tlte Calvinids. They 
followed the dodrine of Arminius, who thinking the doc¬ 
trine of Calvin, witli regard to free-will, prededination, 
and grace, too fevere, began to exprefs his doubts con¬ 
cerning them in the year 1591; and, upon farther inquiry 
adopted fentiments more nearly refembling thole ot the 
Lutherans than of the Calvinids. The controverfies on 
A R M 
this fiibjcift became very general after the death of Armf- 
nius, in the year 1609, and threatened to involve the Uni- 
ted Provinces in civil difcord. The Arminian tenets gained 
ground under the mild and favourable treatment of the 
magidrates of Holland ; though, in the refult of the tou¬ 
ted, the Armenians were overpowered and oppreffed, and 
reduced to a date of exile, till after the death of prince 
Maurice. The Arminian fyftem has very much prevailed 
in England fince the time of archbifliop Land, and its vo*> 
taries in other countries are very numerous. 
The diftinguiflting tenets of the Arminians may be com- 
prifed in the following five articles; relating to prededina¬ 
tion, univerfal redemption, the corruption of man, conver- 
fion, and perfeverance. 1. Witli refped to the fird, they 
maintained, “ That God, from all eternity, determined to 
bedow falvation on thofe who he forelaw would perfevere 
unto the end in their faith in Jefus Chrid; and to inflict 
everlalling punifhments on thofe who fltould continue in 
their unbelief, and relid unto the end his divine fuccours: 
fo that election was conditional, and reprobation in like 
manner the refult of forefeen infidelity and perfevering 
wickednefs.” 2. On the fecond point the Arminians taught, 
“ Tliat Jefus Chrid, by his fufferings and death, made an 
atonement for the fins of all mankind in general, and of 
every individual in particular ; that, however, none but 
thofe who believe in him can be partakers of their divine 
benefit.” 3. On the third article they held, “ That true 
faith cannot proceed from the exercife of our natural fa¬ 
culties and powers, nor from the force and operation of 
free will; fmee man, in confequence of his natural cor¬ 
ruption, is incapable either of thinking or doing any good 
thing; and that therefore it is neceflary, in order to his 
converfion and falvation, that he be regenerated and re¬ 
newed by the operation of the Holy Ghod, which is the 
gift of God through Jefus Chrid.” 4. “ That this divine 
grace, or energy of the Holy Ghod, begins and perfects 
every thing that can be called good in man, and confe- 
quently all good works are to be attributed to God alone ; 
that, neverthelefs, this grace is offered to all, and does not 
force men to att againfl their inclination, but may be re¬ 
dded and rendered ineffectual by tiie perverfe will of the 
impenitent dinner.” Some modern Arminians interpret this 
and the lad article with agreaterlatitu.de. 5. “ThatGod 
gives to the truly faithful, who are regenerated by his 
grace, the means of preferving themlelves in this date;” 
and, though the fird Arminians made fame doubt with 
refped to the doling part of this article, their followers 
uniformly maintain, “ that the regenerate may lofe true 
judifying faith, forfeit their date of grace, and die in their 
fins.” The modern fydem of Arminianifm likewife ex¬ 
tends the limits of the Chridian church in fuch a manner, 
that Chridians of all feds and denominations, Papids ex¬ 
cepted, may be formed into one religious body, and live 
together in brotherly love and concord. The Arminians 
are alfo called Remonjlrants, from an humble petition en¬ 
titled their Remonjlrance, which, in the year 1610, they ad- 
dreffed to the States of Holland. Their principal writers 
are, Arminius, Epifcopius, Vordius, Grotius, Curcellreus, 
Limborch, Le Clerc, Wetdein, and many others of more 
modern date. 
ARMI'NIUS (James), whofe real name in Low Dutch 
was James Harmanni, a famous Protedant divine, from 
whom the fed of Arminians took their name, was born at 
Oude-water, in Holland, in 1560. He was ordained mi- 
nider at Amderdam, in Augud 1588 ; and he foon after 
didinguidied himfelf by his fermons, which gained him 
univerfal applaufe. Martin Lydias, profeffor of divinity 
at Franker, judging him a fit perfon to refute a writing in 
which Beza’s dodrine of prededination had been attacked 
by fome miniders of Delft, Arminius at his intreaties un¬ 
dertook the ta(k ; when, upon examining the reafons on 
both fides, he came into the very opinions he had under¬ 
taken to dedroy, and wrote much dronger in their favour. 
In 1602, a pedilential difeafe raged at Amderdam, during 
which he aded with the greateft refolution, in aililting the 
poor, 
