208 A R N 
thrown into the'Tiber, left the people Thoutd coTleft his 
remains, and venerate them as the relics of a fainted martyr. 
“ Such was Arnold of Brefcia; a man (fays Mr. Ber- 
rington), whofe charafter, whofe principles, and whofe 
views, we perhaps (hould be difpofed to admire, had his 
life been recorded by unprejudiced hiftorians, and not 
brought down to us drawn in the blacked colours Which 
party, bigotted zeal, and enthufiafm, could lay on. He 
was rafti, misjudging, and intemperate, or never would he 
have engaged in fo unequal a courted. The view of fuch 
a phenomenon in the twelfth century excites a pleating ad¬ 
miration. To attack the Roman pontiff and his clergy in 
the very centre of their power, required a more than com¬ 
mon (hard of fortitude ; to adopt.a fettled fchetne of re- 
ftoring to its priftine glory the republic of Rome, demand¬ 
ed a ftretch of thought comprehenfive and cnterprifmg; 
and to forego the eafe and indulgence of a diflipated age, 
for the reformation of manners.and the fuppreflion of what 
: he thought ufurped dominion, argued a character of mind 
difinterefted, generous, and benevolent. But Arnold, like 
other reformers, went too far; and pallion loon vitiated 
undertakings which were begun perhaps With motives the 
. moft laudable.” 
AR'NOLDISTS, a feft fo called from theirleader Ar- 
. nold of Brefcia. 
AR'NOLDSGRUN, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Upper Saxony, four miles eaft of Oellnitz. 
AR'NOLDSTEIN, or Arl'stein, a town of Germa¬ 
ny, in Carinthia, feven miles fouth-weft of Willach. 
ARNOL'DUS (Gothofredus), paftor and infpeftor of 
the churches of Perleberg, and hiftoriographer to the king 
, of Pruftia, was born at Annaburg, in the mountains of 
Mifnia, in 1666. He was a zealous defender of Pietifts, 
a fe£t among the German Proteftants, and compofed a 
r-’reat number of religious works. He died in 17 14. 
AR'NON, a'brook running between the borders of the 
Moabites and Ammonites on the other tide Jordan. Jofe- 
phus calls it a river riling on the borders ot Arabia, and 
at length falling into the Dead Sea. Alfo a river of France, 
which runs into the Cher, not far from Vierzon. 
ARNO'SKRIS,/. in botany. See Lapsana. 
ARNOSO'RA, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of 
Naples, and province of Principatro Gitra, twelve miles 
fouth-eaft of Salerno. 
ARNO'TA, a town of Wallachia, eighteen miles weft 
of Kimnick. 
ARNOT'TO,/ in botany. See Bixa. 
ARN'SBURG, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Upper Saxony, and country of Schwartfburg Rudolftadt, 
three miles fouth-eaft of Sonderlhaufen. 
Arnseurg, a town of Germany, in the circle and 
county of Solms- Braunfels, three miles north-eaft of Munt- 
zenberg, and fix fouth-fouth-eaft of Gieften. 
ARN'SFEI.D, a town of Germany, in the eircle of 
Upper Saxony, and country of Erzgeberg, five miles fouth 
of Wolkenftein. 
ARN'SHAUG, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Upper Saxony, and circle of Neuftadt, one mile fouth of 
Neuftadt. 
ARN'SHEIM, a town of Germany, in the circle of the 
Lower Rhine, and palatinate of the Rhine, twenty miles 
north-weft of Worms, and fourteen fouth-weft of Mentz. 
ARN'STADT, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Upper Saxony, and county of Sclnvartzburg, on the Ge¬ 
ra, twelve miles fouth of Erfurt, and twenty fouth-weft 
of Weimar. Lat. 50. 40. N. Ion. 28. 34. E. Ferro. 
ARN'STEIN, a town of Germany in Thuringia, and 
county of Mansfield, between Mansfield and Quedlimburg. 
ARN'STORF, a town of Germany, in the archduchy of 
Auftria, fix miles weft of Maultern. 
ARNT'SEE, a town of Germany, in the,circle of Up¬ 
per Saxony,-and Old Mark of Brandenburg, on the fide of 
a deep lake, formed by an earthquake in the year 811. 
AR'NUI.PH, or Er'nulph, bifliop of Rochefter in 
the reign of Henry 1 . Fie was born in France, where he 
A R O 
was feme time a monk of St. Lucian de Beauvais. The 
monksjed moft irregular lives in this monaftery ; for which 
reafon he refclved to quit it, but firft look the advice of 
Lanfranc arch bifliop of Canterbury. This prelate invited 
him to England, and placed him in the monaftery of Can¬ 
terbury, where he lived till Lanfranc’s death. When An- 
feltri came to the archi-epifcopal fee, Arnulph was made 
prior of the monaftery of Canterbury, and afterwards ab¬ 
bot of Peterborough. In 1115, he was confecrated bifliop of 
Rochefter, which lee he held nine years, and died in March, 
1124, aged eighty-four. Arnulph wrote, 1. A piece con¬ 
cerning the foundation, endowment, charters, laws, and 
other things, relating to the chtirch of Rochefter: it is 
known by the title of Textus Rojfenfis, and is preferved in 
the archives of the cathedral church of Rochefter. 2. 
A11 Epiftle in Anfwer to fome Queftions of Lambert ab¬ 
bot of Munfter. 3. An Epiftle on Inceftuous Marriage. 
AR'NUS, a famous foothfayer, who went to Naupadle, 
and was taken for a fpy by agrandfon of Hercules, and 
(lain ; upon which the plague began to rage among the in¬ 
habitants, and the oracle, being confulted, anfwered, that 
they mud expiate the death of Arnus, by banithing the 
murderer, and inftitute funeral games to the honour of the 
decealed, which was accordingly done. 
Arnus, now Arno, a river of Tufcany. 
ARN'WAY (John), a clergyman diftinguifhed by his 
benevolence and loyalty to Charles I. was defeended from 
a good family in the county of Salop, from which he in¬ 
herited a confiderable eftate. Ha was educated at Oxford; 
and obtained the rectories of Hodnot and Ightfield, where 
he diftinguifiied himfelf by his .piety and exemplary cha¬ 
rity : for it was his cuftom to clothe annually twelve poor 
people, and every Sunday to entertain as many at his ta¬ 
ble. The civil war breaking out, he preached againft re¬ 
bellion, and raifed and clothed eight troopers for the fer- 
vice of king Charles, upon which his houfe was plundered 
by the parliament’s army. He then went to Oxford to 
fierve the king in perfon, which fubjected him to a new 
train of misfortunes : for his eftate was loon after fequef- 
tered, and himfelf imprifoned till the king’s death ; after 
which he went to the Hague, where lie publiftied, 1. The 
Tablet, or the Moderation of Charles 1 . the Martyr; and, 
2. An Alarm to the Subieddsof England. Heat laft went 
to Virginia, where he died in 1633. 
A'RO, a river of Spain, which runs into the Mediter¬ 
ranean, two leagues fouth from Palamos in Catalonia. 
A'ROBE. See Arrobas. 
ARO'CHE, a town of Spain, in the province of Ari- 
dalufia, and country of Seville, on the frontiers of Eftre- 
madura, fttuated near a chain of mountains, to which it 
gives name, that extends along Spanifti Eftremadura, to 
the frontiers of Portugal, forty-fix miles N. W. of Seville. 
AROKHA'GE, or Arroukhage, a city and capital 
of a country of Alia, to which it gives name, 100 miles 
fouth of Candahar. Lat. 30.40. N. Ion. 65.30. E. Green¬ 
wich. 
ARO'LEO, f. an American weight equal to twenty-five 
of our pounds. 
AROL'SEN, a town of Germany, in the circle of the 
Upper Rhine, and county of Waldeck, twenty-nine miles 
fouth-fouth-eaft of Puderburn, and thirty-eight weft- 
fouth-weft of Gottingen. Lat. 31. 15. N. Ion. 26.22. E. 
Ferro. 
ARO'MA, J. [from intenfely, and to fmell.J 
Any thing fragrant: fometimes it means myrrh. The 
odorate principle. 
AROMA'TA, a town of Lydia, famous for its gene¬ 
rous wines; and hence the appellation. Strabo. Alfo the 
name of a trading town, and promontory, of Ethiopia, at 
the termination of the Sinus Avalites of the Red Sea. 
Arrian. 
AROM AT'IC, adj. [from aroma, Lat. fpicc.J Spicy. 
Fragrant; ftrong feented : 
Or, quick effluvia darting through the brain, 
Die of a rofe in aromatic pain. Pope. 
AROMA'TICAL, 
