24S A R U 
12 Arundo pifcatoria: calyxes one-flowered, fpike ter¬ 
minating, culm branched, leaves minute. Perennial, eight 
feet hisrh, with leaves of adulky green, lmootig and Imall- 
er than in any other of the Indian reeds. Native of Co¬ 
chin-China. Being tough, and tapering towards the end, 
this cane is verv fit for hilling-rods. 
13. Arundo dioica: calyxes one-flowered; fpikes in 
bundles, compound, fpikelets linear. Native of Cochin- 
China, in woods. 
14. Arundo colorata, or reed canary-grafs: calyxes one- 
flowered keeled, corollas fmooth with two lanuginofe pen¬ 
cils at the bale, leaves flat. Root perennial, long, thick, 
jointed, creeping, covered with wlntifli oi biownilh icaies. 
Haller'placed this fpecies among the reeds; but Pollich 
and others refufe to admit it into that genus, becaule the 
true down or wool is wanting at the bale of the florets, 
an d there is only a fhort hairinefs at the bafe of the calyx 
not appearing above the fpikelet; analogy however feems 
fufficiently to juftify the fituation in which we find it in 
Haller, and the catalogue of the royal garden at Kew. It 
is 2l native of Europe, on the banks ot rivers and ditches 5 
fiowerino- in July and Auguft. It is nfed to thatch ricks 
and cottages, for which purpofe it is more durable than 
ft raw. In the province of Scania they mow it twice a year, 
and their cattle eat it. T.he textuie is fo haid, that it 
ouo'ht to be cut very young, if we expect cattle to touch 
j t .° There is a cultivated variety of this grafs in our gar¬ 
dens with beautilully-ftriped leaves. I he flripes are ge¬ 
nerally green and white ; but fometimes they have a pui- 
plifl, call. This is called ladies laces, painted grafs, or 
ribband grafs. 
Propagation and Culture. The bamboo mud be preferved 
in a warm ftove, and, as the roots lpread very wide, it 
fliould be planted in a large tub, filled with rich earth ; 
this mud be plunged into the hot-bed in the bark-ftove, 
and muft have plenty of water. When the tub decays, 
if the plant be permitted to root in the tan, it will grow to 
a larger fize ; but then care mud be taken, when the bed 
is refrefhed with new tan, to leave.a fufticient quantity of 
the old tan about the roots. It may be propagated by 
flips from the roots, which fliould be taken oft in the 
fpriiw, that they may be well eftabliflied before winter. 
The cultivated reed, although native of warm countries, 
yet will bear the cold of our winters in the open ground, 
provided it be planted in a foil not too wet ; and, i, the 
winter fliould prove very fevere, a little mulch muft be 
laid over the roots. It dies to the furface in autumn, and 
jifes ag&in the fucceeding fpring : if it be kept lupplied 
with water in dry weather, it will grow ten or twelve leet 
h'mh the fame futnmer. It is very proper to intermix with 
trees and ftirubs, or with tall plants and flowers, wlieie it 
•will have a good eftea, in adding to the variety. This is 
propagated by parting the roots early in the fpring, before 
they begin to (hoot, and will, in a year or two, if the 
ground °be good, make very large ftools, from each of 
which eight or ten canes are produced. It never flowers 
in England. The fort with variegated leaves is much 
more tender than the other, and muft be fhelteied from 
froft, in order to be preferved through the winter in Eng¬ 
land. See Agrostis, Andropogon, Cenchrus, 
Melica, Spinifex, and Zizania. 
Arundo Florida et Indica. See Canna. 
Arundo Rotang. See Calamus. 
Arundo Saccharifera. See Saccharum. 
ARUN'TIUS, a man who defpifed the rites of Bacchus, 
for which the god made him drink fo much wine that he 
loft his reafon,°and abufed his own daughter Medulina, 
who was fo exafperated that ftie killed her father for a£t- 
in" fo difhonourably to her virtue. . 
ARUSI'NI CAM'PI, (erroneouflv written Taurafim by 
Cluverius,) plains in Lucania, famous for the laft battle 
fought between the Romans and Pyrrhus. That prince 
beiim at Tarentum, and hearing that the two confuls Cu- 
riusDentatus and Cornelius Lentulus had divided their 
forces, the one including Lucania and the other Sanuiium j 
ARY 
he likewife divided his own army into two bodies, march¬ 
ing with his Epirots again!! Dentatus, fin hopes of furpri- 
fing him in his camp near Beneventum. But the conful 
having notice of his approach, marched out of his en¬ 
trenchments with a ftrong detachment of legionaries to 
meet him, repulfed his vanguard, put many of the Epi¬ 
rots to the fword, and took lbme of their elephants. Cu¬ 
rias, encouraged by this fuccefs, marched into the Arufian 
fields, and drew up his army in a plain, which was wide 
enough for his troops, but too narrow for the Epirot pha¬ 
lanx to abt with its full effebt. Yet the king’s eagernefs- 
to try his ftrength and fkill with fo renowned a command¬ 
er, ftimulated him to engage at that great difadvantage. 
Upon the firft fignal the abtion began ; and one of the wings 
of Pyrrhus’s army giving way, vibtory feemed to incline 
to the Romans. But that wing where the king fought in 
perfon repulfed the Romans, and drove them to their en¬ 
trenchments. This advantage was in great part owing to 
the elephants ; a circumftance which Curius perceiving, 
he commanded a body of referve, which he had ported 
near the camp, to advance and attack thofe animals with 
burning torches ; which frightened and annoyed them to 
fuch a degree, that they wheeled about, broke into the 
phalanx, and put that body into the utmoft diforder. The 
Romans, taking advantage of this confufion, charged with 
fuch fury that the enemy were entirely broken and de¬ 
feated. Pyrrhus retired to Tarentum, attended only by a 
fmall body of horfe, leaving the Romans in full poffeftion 
of his camp ; which they fo much admired, that they 
made it a model for all their future encampments. 
ARUS'PICES, or Harus'pices, in Roman antiquity, 
an order of priefts who pretended to foretel future events- 
by infpeCting the entrails of victims killed in facrifice ; 
they were alfo confulted on occaflon of portents and pro¬ 
digies. The harufpices were always cholen from the bed 
families; and, as their employment was of the fame na¬ 
ture as that of the augurs, they were as much honoured. 
Their college, as well as thofe of the other religious or¬ 
ders, had its particular regifters and records. 
ARWAN'GEN, a town and caftle of Swiflerland, in 
the canton of Berne, lituated on the Aar, twelve miles 
eaft of Soleure. 
ARX, f. in the ancient military art, a town, fort, or 
caftle, for defence of a place. The arx in ancient Rome 
was a diftinbl edifice from the capitol, though fome have 
confounded the two. According to Ryckius, the arx, pro¬ 
perly fpeaking, was a place on the higheft part of the Ca- 
pitoline Mount, ftronger and better fortified than the reft, 
with towers and pinnated walls; in whicli was alfo the 
temple of Jupiter Capitolinus. 
Arx was particularly ufed for a public place in Rome, 
fet apart for the operations of the augurs. In which fenfe 
arx amounts to the fame with what is otherwife called au- 
guraculum and auguratorium, and in the camp augurale. 
Out of this arx it was that the feciales , or heralds, gathered 
the grafs ufed in the ceremony of making leagues, &c. 
Arx Britannica, a citadel of Batavia, whofe foun¬ 
dation is feen at low water, near the old mouth of the mid¬ 
dle Rhine: fome imagine it the pharos or high tower of 
Caligula, as Suetonius calls it; a monument of Caligula’s 
fham conqueft of Britain. Others, that it was built by 
Dmfus, with an altar afterwards by Claudius, on his ex¬ 
pedition into Britain. 
A'RYS, a town of Italy, belonging to the republic of 
Venice, in the province of Friuli, ten miles weft-fouth-weft: 
of Palma la Nuova. 
ARYS'TER,/. [from to draw.] A veffel or cup 
ufed for chemical purpofes. 
' ARYT-iTNOI'DES, f. [of to drink, and siJo?, 
fhape.] In anatomy, are two cartilages, which, with others, 
make up the top of the larynx, ferving to render the voice 
more flirill or deep. 
ARYTH'MUS.jfi [of a. priv. and the pulfe.] 
A pulfe which is fo far that it cannot be any longer 
felt ; or an irregularity of it, 
' * AR'ZAC, 
