A S ' 
fimibbyifli; leaves ovate-oblong, acute, tomentofe under¬ 
neath ; calyxes terminated with a hair. Branches lels di¬ 
vided. 4. Afterfruticoius, or (hrubby ftarwort: (hrub-by; 
leaves linear, dotted; peduncles one-flowered, naked. 
Steins three feet high, with fide woody branches having 
chillers of narrow leaves like the larch-tree. Flowers 
produced from the fide of the branches, upon long (lender 
peduncles fingly : they are of a pale blue colour, and ap¬ 
pear the beginning of March. Thefe all grow naturally 
at the Cape of Good Hope. 
11. Herbaceous, entire-leaved, peduncles naked. 5. Af¬ 
ter tenellus, or briltly-leavcd ftarwort: leaves filiform, 
prickle-ciliate; calyxes hemifpheric, with equal leaflets. 
Root perennial. Stem annual, feven inches high, round, a 
little hairy, branching at top. Leaves fcattered, linear, 
muricated underneath, with the end (landingout. Flow¬ 
ers folitary, terminal, pedunefed, hanging down before they 
open, and during the night. Native of the Cape. 
6. After Alpinus, or Alpine or great bine mountain ftar- 
tvort: leaves fubfpatulate, rough with hairs, quite entire; 
ftems (imple, one-flowered. The Alpine ftarwort feldom 
rifes more than nine (generally from four to (lx) inches 
high on the Alps, and, when tranfplanted into a garden, 
not above fixteen. At the top of each (talk is one large 
■blue flower, fomewhat like that of the Italian ftarwort, 
No. 9. It flowers in June ; and grows wild on the Alps 
and Pyrenees, in Auftria, Savoy, about Montpellier, &c. 
7. After Sibiricus, or Siberian ftarwort: leaves lanceo¬ 
late almoft ftem-clafping, ferrate hairy-fcabrous ; calyxes 
lax, leaflets lanceolate acuminate leafy hifpid. Steins two 
feet high, fending out (ide-branches. It is a native of Si¬ 
beria, and flowers in Auguft. It varies with leaves broad- 
-er at the bale, and numerous flowers ; and leaves narrower 
at the bale, with few flowers. 
8. After tripolium, or fea ftarwort: leaves linear-lanceo¬ 
late, quite entire, flefhy, fmooth, three-nerved ; calycine 
leaflets fub-membranaceous, obtufe. Root perennial. 
Stem fmooth, ftriated, branched towards the top, one or 
more, from ftx or nine inches to two or three, and even four 
or five feet, in height; whence fome autliors have made a 
great and lefs variety. Florets of the ray twenty-one to 
twenty-three, generally pale purple ; of the centre about 
eighteen, yellow. The florets of the ray are fometimes 
white ; and flowers occur without any ray. This variety 
is found in the Hie of Wight. Native of falt-mardies on 
the fea-coaft of Europe; and by inland falt-lakes in Ger¬ 
many and Siberia. With us alfo frequent about Briftol; 
and, not only on the coaft, but in the interior parts of the 
kingdom ; where Dr. Stokes fuppofes, with good reafon, 
that its prefence may indicate fait fprings. It flowers in 
July and Auguft. Morrifon obferves, that in the morn¬ 
ing the flowers, being expanded, appear blue ; the blue 
florets quickly vanifhing, and the di(k remaining, they ap¬ 
pear yellow ; in the evening thefe go off, and the white 
down of the feeds (hewsitfelf: thus the flower undergoes 
a triple change within the day, and hence is called tripolium. 
9. After amellus, or Italian ftarwort: leaves oblong- 
lanceolate, entire, fcabrous; branches corymbed; calyxes 
imbricate, fubfquarrofe ; leaflets obtufe, the inner mem¬ 
branaceous coloured at the end. The ftems of this grow 
in large clufters from the root, and each of them branch 
at the top into eight or ten peduncles, each terminated by 
a Angle large flower, having blue rays, with a yellow di(k. 
It flowers in Auguft or September, and, in mild feafons 
will often continue till the middle of November. It grows 
naturally in the vallies of Italy, Sicily, and Narbonne; 
alfo in Auftria, Carniola, Germany, and Switzerland, where 
it is found very common about Bienne. It is generally 
fuppofed to be the amellus of Virgil. The leaves and (talks 
being rough and bitter, the cattle feldom browfe upon 
them, fo that they remain in the paftures after the grais is 
eaten bare, and, making a fine appearance when they are 
full of flowers, might well engage the poet’s attention. 
Cultivated in 1596 by Gerard. Gafpar Bauhin mentions 
an amellus with roundi(h leaves, (horter than in the coin- 
Vo in II. No. 72. 
E R. 7 
mon fort, and obtufe, only throwing out a Tutle fpine at 
the end ; they are alfo quite entire: whereas in the com¬ 
mon fort the leaves are ereef, of a long elliptic form, and 
pointed ; fometimes entire, and fometimes (lightly toothed 
about the edge : the branches are lefs fpreading, the pe¬ 
duncles (horter, often bearing two flowers, only half the 
fize of the others. The flowers are in other refpefits alike, 
and they grow in the fame places. Their differences do not 
alter by culture. It varies with a whi.te flower. 
10. After diyaricatus, or divaricate ftarwort: branches 
divaricate; leaves ovate, ferrate; floral leaves quite en¬ 
tire, rather obtufe, ftem-clafping. .Stems rough, about two 
feet high, dividing toward the top into many forked branch¬ 
es, diverging from each other. The flowers grow almoft 
in an umbel, and appear the beginning of September. Na-» 
five of Virginia. 
III. Herbaceous, entire leaved, peduncles fealy. it. 
After hyftopifolius, or hyflop-leaved ftarwort : leaves li¬ 
near-lanceolate, drawn to a point at thebafe, quite entire, 
ftiff ; branchlets corymbed, faftigiate; leaflets frequently 
linear, imbricate; calyxes imbricate. Stem a foot high, 
rather ftiff; rudiments of branches from each axilla. 12. 
After dumsfus, or bulky ftarwort: leaves linear quite en¬ 
tire fmooth, tliofe on the branchlets very (hort; branches 
panicled-; calyxes cylindric, clofely imbricate. Stems tip- 
right, two feet high, full of branches 13. After ericoides, 
or heath-leaved ftarwort: leaves linear quite entire very 
fmooth, thofe of the branchlets Tubulate approximating, 
tliofe the ftem elongated ; calyxes fubfquarrofe, leaflets 
acute, ftem fmooth. Stems (lender, three feet high, with 
(lender fide-branches mod of their length, fo as to form a 
thick bufb ; they are terminated by (ingle flowers. r4. 
After tenuifolius, or fine-leaved ftarwort: leaves fublinear, 
quite entire ; peduncles leafy. Stems five feet high, dea¬ 
der, angular, fmooth, not branching much. Leaves alter¬ 
nate, not very rough. Flowers terminal, folitary, final!, 
white. The peduncles have very fmall Tubulate leaflets 
fcattered over them. 15. After linarifolius, or favoury- 
leaved ftarwort: leaves linear quite entire mucronate fca¬ 
brous ftiff, upper ones lax remote; calyxes imbricate, 
branches faftigiate. Stems purplifh ; leaves very rough. 
16. After linifolius, or flax-leaved ftarwort: leaves linear, 
quite entire, roughifh ; branches corymbed, faftigiate, with 
fmall leaflets; calyxes imbricate ; rays about equal to the 
difk. Leaves lanceolate, gradually narrowing to the end. 
Stems ftrong, from two to three feet high, putting out 
many fide-branches near half their length, terminated by 
one blue flower, which appears in Auguft and September- 
Thefe are all natives of North America. 
17. After acris : leaves lanceolate-linear, ftiff, quite en¬ 
tire, flat; flowers corymbed, faftigiate; peduncles leafy. 
The ftems divide into a great number of branches, which 
divide again toward the top into feveral fmaller ones, with 
very narrow leaves their whole length; the flowers grow 
in large clufters at the top, forming a fort of corymb; they 
are of a pale biuifh colour, and appear the beginning of 
Auguft. This grows naturally in the fouth of France about 
Montpellier, and in Italy; alfo in Spain and Hungary. 
Gmelin found a variety with a yellow flower in Siberia. 
18. After concolor: leaves ovate, feflile, quite entire; 
ftem quite Ample ; raceme terminal. Four feet high. Flow¬ 
ers pale blue, appearing about Michaelmas. Native of 
Virginia. 
19. After rigidus, or ftiff-leaved ftarwort: leaves linear, 
alternate; flowers terminal, folitary. Leaves fmall; ftem 
woody, weak, not branching, terminated by one fpecious 
flower. Native of Virginia. 
20. After Novae Angliae, orNew England ftarwort: leaver 
lanceolate, quite entire, cordate, ftem-clafping, hairy ; ca¬ 
lyxes longer than the di(k, loefe; leaflets linear-lanceolate, 
nearly equal; (lent hifpid. Stems many, five feet high, 
brown, terminated by large purple violet flowers, growing 
in a loofe panicle, and expanding in Auguft. Native o*f 
New England and Virginia. 
ai. Affer undulatus, or waved ftarvvort: leaves ferrate 
< 4 O kairy 
