A T R 
clothed in a ffiort white linen habit, to diflinguifh them, 
and prevent their loitering from home. 
ATRIP',/ in nautical language, is applied either to 
the anchor or fails. The anchor is atrip, when it is drawn 
out of the ground in a perpendicular diredlion, either by 
the cable or buoy-rope. The top-fails are atrip, when they 
are hoifled up to the mad-head, or to their unnod extent. 
A'TRIPLEX,/. \_ab airo colore, Lat. from a livid co- 
lour.which it occafions to thofe who eat it.] In botany, a 
■genus of the clafs polygamia, order monoecia, natural or¬ 
der holoraceae. The generic charfters are—I. Herma¬ 
phrodite flower. Calyx : perianthium five-leaved, concave, 
permanent ; diviflons ovate, concave, membranaceous at 
the edge. Corolla : none. Stamina : filaments five, fu- 
bulate, oppofite to the leaves of the calyx, and longer 
than them; antherse roundifli, twin. Piflillum : germ or- 
biculate ; dyle two-parted, fliort ; digmas reflex. Peri- 
carpium : none ; calyx clofcd, pentagon, with the angles 
comprefled, deciduous. Seed : one, orbicular, deprefled : 
II. Female flower on the fame plant. Calyx : perian¬ 
thium two-leaved; leaflets flat, eretl, ovate, acute, large, 
comprefled. Corolla : none. Piflillum : germ comprefled ; 
dyle two-parted; digmas reflex, acute. Pericarpium: 
none ; valves of the calyx very large, cordate, including 
the feed between them. Seed: one, orbictilate comprefT- 
ed .—EJfential CharaEler, Hermaphrodite. Calyx five¬ 
leaved; corolla none; flamina five ; dyle two-parted ; feed 
one, deprefled. Female. Calyx two-leaved ; corolla none; 
flamina none ; dyle two-parted ; feed one, comprefled. 
Species, i. Atriplex halimus, or tall fhrubby orach, or 
Spanifh fea-purflane: flem fhrubby ; leaves deltoid entire. 
Root perennial, woody, dividing into many branches. The 
whole fhrub white. Stems from four to fix feet high or 
more, with many thick, woody, brittle, branches. Leaves 
irregularly difpofed on the branches on long petioles, thick, 
fucculent, fomewhat fhining, having a fubacid flavour. 
Flowers final!, purplifh, at the ends of the branches. Seeds 
fmall, brown. It grows in hedges near the fea about Nice; 
in Spain, Portugal, Sicily, &c. Ray fays that he found 
it in great plenty about Medina. It was cultivated here 
in 1640, according to Parkinfon, as a flirub, and by fome 
was formed into hedges, and condantly fheared ; but this 
plant is by no means fit for this purpofe, for it grows too 
vigoroufly ; the (hoots, in one month, at the growing fea- 
fon of the year, will be two feet long, in a good foil; fo 
that a hedge of this plant cannot be kept in tolerable or¬ 
der, nor will it ever form a thick hedge. But a worfe in¬ 
convenience attends it; for in very hard winters it is often 
dedroyed, and in very dry fummers, many of the plants 
will decay. But, although this fhrub be not proper for 
hedges, yet it may have a place in wildernefs quarters, 
where it will ferve to thicken; and the filver-coloured 
leaves will add to the variety, among other ftirubs of the 
fame growth. It will grow eight or ten feet high ; and, if 
fuffered to grow wild, without pruning, will fpread fe- 
veral feet in compafs, and fometimes produce flowers. 
2. Atriplex portulacoides, or dwarf fhrubby orach, or 
common fea-purflane : deni fhrubby, leaves obovate. This 
is a low underfhrub, feldom rifing above two feet and a 
half, or at mod three feet, high, but becoming very bufhy. 
The leaves are narrow, and of a whitifh colour, but not fo 
white as thofe of the former. In its wild date, it varies 
in height from fix inches to a yard. The branches gene¬ 
rally recline, are angular, and of a whitifh green. The 
flowers are yellow, and terminate the branches in cluflered 
fpikcs. It is wild on the fliores of the European ocean, 
and in fait marfhes, flowering in July and Augufl, In 
plantations it may have a place among other low fhrubs; 
and, if planted on a poor gravelly foil, will abide (everal 
years, and make a pretty diverfity. 
3. Atriplex glauca : item under-fhrnbby, procumbent; 
leaves ovate, feffile, quite entire; the lower ones fubden- 
tate. Stem the thicknefs of a finger, covered with an afu- 
■ coloured'Lark, and divided into declining branches, three 
cr- four feet long, fubdividing into other (horter ones. At 
Vol. II. No. 84, ' . 
A T R 485 
each axil of the upper branchlets come out three or four 
hermaphrodite flowers, with a few females among them, 
of a yellowifli colour. Native of France, about Thouloufe; 
and of Spain, about Toledo. 
4. Atriplex rofea : flem herbaceous; leaves hoary, fer- 
rated ; fruits quadrangular, toothed. Stem erert, a foot 
and a half or two feet high, fomewhat angular, white, and 
fmooth, very branching; the branches alternate, fubdivi¬ 
ding, all diftufed. It is an annual plant, native of the 
fouthern countries of Europe. 
5. Atriplex Sibirica, or Siberian orach : flem herba¬ 
ceous; leaves deltoid, angular; the calyxes, of the fruit 
niuricated on the outfide. The leaves are lilvery beneath, 
and the flowers white. Nativeof Siberia, and annual. 
6 . Atriplex Tartarica, or Tartarian orach: flem herba¬ 
ceous; leaves deltoid, finuate-toothed, waved, alternate. 
This grows to the height of a man, according to Linnaeus, 
and the leaves are afh-coloured beneath. Gmelin affirms, 
that the leaves are green on both (ides. 
7. Atriplex hortenfis, or garden orach : flem erect:, her¬ 
baceous; leaves triangular. Root annual. Stem three feet 
high and more, thick, fliining. Leaves thick, pale green, 
of a flightlyacid flavour; they differ in fhape, fome flretch 
out into a-long point from a broad bafe, being entire about 
the edge, fome are deltoid, others are ferrate or finuate, 
and others again are triangular. It is a native of Tartary, 
and was cultivated in 1596, by Gerard. It is of many 
ufed, fays Parkinfon, boiled and buttered, to make the 
flomach and belly foluble; and is put among other herbs 
into the pot to make pottage. There are many diflies of 
meat made with it while it is young, for, being almofl with¬ 
out favour, it is more convertible into whatrelifti anyone 
will make it, with fugar, fpice, See. The red orach is 
found to dye wool of a good olive colour. It was formerly 
cultivated in the kitchen-gardens as a culinary herb, being 
ufed as fpinage, and is now, by fome perfons, preferred to 
it; though, in general, it is not efteemed among the Eng- 
lifli ; but the French cultivate this plant for life. 
8. Atriplex laciniata, or jagged fea-orach : flem herba¬ 
ceous; leaves deltoid, toothed, filvered underneath. The 
whole plant is covered with a (kin that peels off, and is of 
a grey hoary colour. Stem two feet high, fmooth, with 
many fpreading branches. It is an annual plant, flower¬ 
ing in July and Augufl, and is a native of the lea fliores 
of Europe. 
9. Atriplex haflata, or broad-leaved wild orach ; vul¬ 
garly called fat-hen : flem herbaceous; valves of the ca¬ 
lyx in the female flowers large, deltoid, finuated. Root 
annual. Stem generally upright, from one to three feet id 
height, four-cornered, the angles obtufe, the (ides fome¬ 
what grooved, a little fwellingat the joints, fmooth, of a 
purplifli colour, and branched quite to the bottom : the 
branches oppofite; the lowermoft very long, fometimes al- 
raoli equal with the ftalk itfelf, and for the mod part pro¬ 
cumbent. Lower leaves triangular, with the edge morfe 
or lefs indented, fprinkled on the under fide with meal; 
fometimes quite fmooth, oppofite, petioled : the upper 
ones oval, pointed, entire, alternate. Flowers on the tops 
of the ftalks and brandies, in narrow reddifli (pikes. It 
varies much according to age and fituation : on dunghills 
it is very flrong and luxuriant; by road (ides it is weaker, 
and its branches are long and procumbent; in wet places 
it becomes more upright, and the leaves are very mealy 
on the under fide, particularly when it grows on the (ea 
fhore ; at other times they are altogether fmooth. In itst 
young date this plant is frequently eaten inflead of fpinage. 
Birds are very fond of the feeds, but cattle do not feeni 
much to like the plant, In gardens and other cultivated 
grounds it is a troublefome weed ; it fliould not therefore 
be luflfered to grow and feed on dunghills. 
10. Atriplex patula, or narrow-leaved wild or fpreading 
orach: flem herbaceous, expanding; leaves fubdeltoid- 
lanceolate; calyxes of the feeds toothed in the difk. Root, 
annual. Stem furrowed; the branches long and widely 
divaricated, almofl at right angles with the flem, and often 
.'•6 ii weighing 
