} ' 
550 A U D 
AU'DIBLY, adv. In fuch a manner as to be heard : 
And lad, the fum of all, my Father’s voice, 
Audibly heard from heav’11, pronounced me his. Milton. 
AU'DIENCE,/. [audience, Fr.] The adt of hearing or 
attending to any thing : 
His look 
Drew audience, and attention ftill as night. 
Or fummer’s noon-tide air. Milton. 
The liberty of fpeaking granted; a hearing.—Were it rea- 
fon to give men audience, pleading for the overthrow of 
that which their own deed hath ratified ? Hooker. —An au¬ 
ditory; perfons collected to hear.—The hall was filled 
with an audience of the greateft eminence for quality and 
politenefs. Addifon. —The reception of any man who de¬ 
livers a folemn meftage. 
Audience, given to ambafiadors, is a ceremony ob- 
ferved in courts at the admiflion of ambafiadors or public 
minifters to a hearing. In England, audience is given to 
ambafiadors in the prefence-chamber ; to envoys and refi- 
dents, in a gallery, clofet, or in any place where the king 
happens to be. Upon being admitted, as is the cuftom of 
all courts, they make three bows; after which they cover 
and fit down; but not before the king is covered and feat- 
ed, and has given them the fign to put on their hats. 
When the king does not care to have them covered and 
fit, he himfelf (lands uncovered; which is taken as a flight. 
At Confiantinople, minifters ufually have audience of the 
prime vizier. 
Audience, is alfo the name of a court of juftice efta- 
blifhed in Spanifti America. In this court the viceroy of 
the king of Spain prefides. His employment is the great- 
eft truft and power which his Catholic majefty has in his 
difpofal, and is, perhaps, the richeft government entrufted 
to any lubjedl in the world. The greatnefs of the vice¬ 
roy’s office is diminiflied by the fliortnefs of its duration. 
For, as jealoufy is the leading feature of Spanifti politics, 
in whatever regards their acquifitions in America, no offi¬ 
cer is allowed to maintain his power for more than three 
years ; which no doubt may have a good effedt in fecuring 
the authority of the crown of Spain, but is attended with 
unhappy confequences to the miferable inhabitants, who 
become a prey to every new governor. 
Audience Court, a court belonging to the archbi- 
fliop of Canterbury, of equal authority with the arches 
court, though inferior both in dignity and antiquity. The 
original of this court was, becaufe the archbifhop of Can- 
-terbury heard feveral caufes extrajudicially at home in his 
own palace; which he ufually committed to be difcuffed 
by men learned in the civil and canon laws, whom he call¬ 
ed his auditors : and fo in time it became the power of the 
man, who is called caufarum negotiorumque audientia Cantu- 
arienfis auditor, feu ofhcialis. 
AUDIEE'DO & TERMINANDO, a writ or commif- 
fion, to certain perfons, when any infurredlion or riot is 
committed in any place, for the appearing and punifhment 
thereof. 
AUDIEN'TES, or Audito^es,^. in church-hiftory, 
an order of catechumens; confiding of thole newly in- 
ftnidled in the myfteries of the Chriftian religion, and not 
yet admitted to baptifm. See Auditores. 
AUDIER'NE, a town of France, in the department 
of Finifterre, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt 
of Pontcroix : five leagues and a half weft of Chumper. 
Lat. 48. i. N. Ion. 13.8. E. Ferro. 
AU'DIT, f. [from audit, Lat. he hears.] A final ac¬ 
count.— If they, w hich are accuffomed to weigh all things, 
fliall here fit down to receive our audit, the fum, which 
truth amounteth to, will appear to be but this. Hooker. 
To Audit, v.a. To take an account finally.—Bifhops 
ordinaries, auditing all accounts, take twelve pence. Ay- 
life. —I love exadl dealing, and let Hocus audit ; he knows 
how the money was difbur(ed. Arbulhnot. 
AUDl'TA QUERE'LA,yi A writ whereby a defend- 
A U D 
ant, againft whom judgment is recovered, and who is 
therefore in dangerof execution, or perhaps actually in exe¬ 
cution, (or on a ftatute-merchant, ftatute-ftaple, or recog¬ 
nizance,) may be relieved upon good matter of difcharge, 
which has happened fince the judgment: as, if the plain¬ 
tiff hath given him a general releafe ; or, if the defend¬ 
ant hath paid the debt to the plaintiff, without procuring 
fatisfadtion to be entered on the record. In thefe and the 
like cafes wherein the defendant hath good matter to plead, 
but hath had no opportunity of pleading it, (either at the 
beginning of the fuit, or puis darrein continuance, which 
mud always be before judgment,) an audita querela lies, in 
the nature of a bill in equity, to be relieved againft the op- 
preflion of the plaintiff. It is a writ diredted to the court, 
dating, that the complaint of the defendant had been 
heard (audita querela defendentis), and then, fetting out the 
matter of the complaint, it at length enjoins the court to 
call the party before them, and, having heard their alle¬ 
gations and proofs, to caufe juftice to be done between 
them. Finch. L. 488. F.N.B. 102. It alfo lies for bail, 
when judgment is obtained againft them by fcirefacias to 
anfwer the debt of their principal, and it happens after¬ 
wards that the original judgment againft their principal is 
reverfed : for here the bail, after judgment had againft 
them, have no opportunity to plead this fpecial matter, and 
therefore they (hall have redrefs by audita querela (1 Roll. 
Abr. 308); which is a writ of a mod remedial nature, and 
feems to have been invented, left in any cafe there fhould 
be an oppreflive detedt of juftice, where a party, who hath 
good defence, is too late to make it in the ordinary forms 
of law. But the indulgence now fliewn by the courts in 
granting a fummary relief upon motion, in cafes of fuch 
evident oppreffion ( Ld. Raym. 439. 1 Salk. 93), has almoft 
rendered ufelefs the writ of audita querela, and driven it 
quite out of practice. 3 Comm. 406. The old law on this 
fubjedt is here dated, to give the ftudent a general idea of 
this circuitous proceeding. If neceifary to enter more at 
large into this learning, let him look into Viner’s Abridgment , 
and Comyns’s Digef. 
AUDl'TION,/. [auditio, Lat. ] Hearing. 
AU'DITOR,yi [auditor, Lat. ] A hearer.—Dear cou- 
fin, you that were lad day fo high in the pulpit againft lo¬ 
vers, are you now become fo mean an auditor? Sidney. — 
A perfon employed to take an account ultimately: 
If you fufpedl my hufbandry, 
Call me before th’ exadfeft auditors, 
And fet me on the proof. Shakefpeare. 
Auditor, in the eye of the law, is an officer of the 
king, or of fome other great perfon or corporation, who 
examines the accounts of all inferior officers, and makes 
up a general book, which (hews the difference between their 
receipts and charge, and their feveral allowances, common¬ 
ly called allocations ; as the auditors of the exchequer take 
the accounts of the king’s receivers, lheriffs, efeheators, 
collectors, and cuftomers, and audit and perfect them. 
Auditors of the impref take the account of the mint, and of 
money difpatched to any one for his majefty’s fervice. Au¬ 
ditor of the receipts is an officer of the exchequer that files 
the tellers bills; and, having entered them, delivers to the 
commiftioners a certificate of the money received the week 
before ; he makes debentures to the tellers, before they 
pay any money : he alfo keeps the black book of receipts, 
and fees every teller’s money locked up and fecured.* 
AUDITO'RES,yi A branch of the Manichean fedl, 
which was divided into e/ebl and auditors-, correfponding, 
according to fome writers, to clergy and laity, and, accord¬ 
ing to others, to the faithful and catechumens among the 
Catholics. By the Manichean rule, a different courfe of 
life was preferibed to the eledl from that of the auditors. 
The latter might eat flefh, drink wine, bathe, marry, traf¬ 
fic, poflefs eftates, bear magiftra-ey, and the like ; all which 
things were forbidden to the eledt. The auditors were 
obliged to maintain the eledt, and kneeled down to afk 
their blefling. Beaulbbro obferves, that the eledt were 
ecciefiaftics, 
