574 A U S 
Favourable; kind; propitious: applied to perfons or 
adlions. Lucky; happy: applied to things: 
A pure, anaftive, an aufpicious, flame. 
And bright as heav’n, from whence the blefling came. 
Rofcommon. 
AUSPI'CIOUSLY, adv. Happily; profperoufly; with 
profperous omens.—If I aufpiciovjly divine. B.Jonfon. 
AUSPI'CIOUSNESS, f. Prolperity; promife of hap. 
pinefs. 
AUSPI'CIUM, or Au’spicy, f The fame with 
Augury. 
AUS'PITZ, a town of Moravia, forty-two miles fouth- 
fouth-weft of Olmutz, and 114 fouth-eaftof Prague. 
AUSSEE' (New), a town of Germany in Stiria, forty- 
eight miles weft- north-welt of Judenberg. 
AUS'SIG, or Austi, a town of Bohemia, on the 
the Elbe, ten.miles north-weft of Leitmeritz. 
AUST, or Aust-Passage, a village in Gloucefter- 
fhire, twelve miles north from Briftol, and fix miles 
fouth from Chepftow. Here is eftablifhed a palfage-boat 
to crofs the Severn, which in this place is about two 
miles over at high-water. It was formerly called Auft 
Clieve, from the high cliff that reaches upwards of a. 
mile along the fhore. It is now r generally called the Old 
Paftage, to diftinguifti it from another called the New 
Paftage, about three miles lower down the river. 
AUS'T ER, [from cx.uu, to burn.] One of the South Winds. 
In mythology, Aufter is faid to be the fon of Aftraeus 
and Aurora ; and his breath fo hot, as to be pernicious 
So flowers and fruit. He is called the difpenfer of rain, 
and generally reprefented as an old man with a gloomy 
countenance, a head covered with clouds, a fable vefture, 
and duficy wings. 
AUSTE'RE, adj. [aujlerus, Lat.] Severe; harfh ; ri¬ 
gid.—When men reprefent the Divine nature as an 
aujlere and rigorous mafter, always lifting up his hand to 
take vengeance, fuch conceptions tnuft unavoidably raife 
terror. Rogers. —Sour of tafte ; harfh.— Aujlere wines, 
diluted with water, cool more than water alone, and at 
the fame time do not relax. Arbuthnot. 
AUSTE'RELY, adv. Severely; rigidly: 
Hypocrites aujlerely talk 
Of purity, and place, and innocence. Milton. 
ATJSTE'RENESS, f. Severity; ftridtnefs; rigour; 
roughnefs in tafte. 
AUSTER'ITY, f. Severity ; mortified life : ftridtnefs. 
Cruelty; harfh difcipline : 
Let not aujlerity breed fervile fear ; 
No wanton found offend her virgin ear. Rofcommon. 
AUS'TERLITZ, or Slowkow, a town of Moravia, 
almoft deftroyed by the Swedes in the feventeenth cen¬ 
tury: twelve miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Brunei, and 112 
eaft-fouth.eaft of Prague. For an account of the decifive 
battle fought near this place, December 2, 1805,-fee the 
article France, vol. vii. p. 882. 
AUSTE'RULOUS, adj. Harfh; tending to harfhnels. 
Not much ufed. 
AUS'T IN, a contraction from Augufiin ; a man’s name. 
AU'STRAL, Austra'us, adj. the fame with fouth- 
ern. The word is derived from aujler, ‘ fouth wind.’ 
Thus auftral figns are the fix laft figns of the zodiac ; fo 
called becaufe they are on the fouth fide of the equinoctial. 
AUSTR ALA'SIA, a name recently given to tliofe 
countries that lie on the fouth of Afia, namely, New Hol¬ 
land, New Guinea, New Britain, New Ireland, New Ca¬ 
ledonia, New Zealand,'the Friendly ifles, Society iflands, 
the Marquefas, and the Sandwich iflands. The length 
of Auftralafia may be computed from 95 0 of E. longitude 
to 185°, that is 90° in lat. 30 0 , or nearly 5000 geogra¬ 
phical miles ; while the breadth, N. lat. 3 0 to S. lat. 50°, 
will be 3180 geographical miles. The weftern boundary 
of Auftralafia may be taken in the meridian from the 
a 
A U S 
fouth of Sumatra, or extended to ioo°, or even 90°, eaft: 
from Greenwich ; but as few or no ifles of confequence 
have yet been difeovered in that direction, the ftriCt de¬ 
marcation may be difeovered by future circumftances. 
A like obfervation may be applied to the fouthern 
boundary of Auftralafia, which, as including New Zeai. 
land, and fome ifles not far diftant, mud be extended to 
the fouthern latitude of 50 0 , or even of 6o°, where the 
iflands of ice begin to appear. The mod difficult boun¬ 
daries are thofe on the north and eaft. A wide and 
vacant channel feems to divide the north-weft part of 
Notafia, or New Holland, from the ifles of Sunda, or 
Sumatran chain. From the north cape of Van Diemen, 
E. Ion. 131 0 from Greenwich, a line afeends to the 
north between the Indian and Pacific oceans, leaving in 
the former the ifles of Banda, Ceram, Myfol, and Giloloj 
while in the Pacific, and belonging to Auftralafia, are 
Timorlaut, Waijoo, and other ifles immediately con¬ 
nected with Papua. This line being extended in the 
fame direction about two degrees to the north of the 
equator, turns eaft into a wide channel of reparation be¬ 
tween the Carolines, &c. and New Ireland, and other 
ifles belonging to Auftralafia. Bending fouth-eaft, Sir 
Jofeph Banks’s Ifles and the New Hebrides are left in 
Auftralafia, while a confiderable interval leaves the: 
Feejee iflands in Polynefia. Thence a wide and open fea 
gives the line of demarcation an ample fweep, about fix 
or feven degrees, to the eaft of New Zealand, when 
bending fouth-weft it joins the fouthern boundary. 
From thefe indications it will be perceived, that 
Auftralafia contains the following countries: 1. The 
central and chief land of Notafia, or New Holland, with 
any ifles which may be difeovered in the adjacent Indian 
ocean, twenty degrees to the weft and between twenty 
and thirty degreesto the eaft, including particularly all the 
large iflands that follow. 2. Papua, or New Guinea, 
3. New Britain, and New Ireland, with the Solomon 
ifles. 4. New Caledonia, and the New Hebrides. 5. New- 
Zealand. 6 . The large ifland called Van Diemen’s land, 
recently difeovered to be feparated from New Holland by 
a ftrait, or rather channel, called Bafs’s ftrait. See the 
article Geography, vol. viii. p. 407. 
AUSTRA'LIS PIS'CIS, the Southern Fifh, a conftel- 
lation of the fouthern hemifphere, not vifible in our lati¬ 
tude; whofe ftars in Ptolomy’s catalogue are eighteen, 
and in the Britannic catalogue twenty-four. 
To AUS'TR ALIZE, v. n. To tend towards the fouth, 
—Steel and good iron difeover a verticity, or polar fa¬ 
culty; whereby they do feptentriate at one extreme, and 
aujtralize at another. Brown. 
AU'STRIA (Arclvducby of), a country of Germany, 
bounded on the north by Bohemia and Moravia, on the 
eaft by Hungary, on the fouth by Stiria, and on the weft 
by Bavaria. It is divided by the river Ens into Upper 
and Lower Auftria; the capital of the latter is Vienna, 
befides which it contains thirty-five other cities, and 256 
market towns; and that of the former is Lintz, betides 
which it has thirteen other cities, and eighty-eight mar¬ 
ket towns. The population of this archduchy has been 
ufualiy computed at-1,685,000 perfons, and more lately 
at 1,820,000, 
Auftria derives its name from its fituation towards the 
eaft: Oojl-ryak, or Oejlerreich, iignifying in German the 
Eaftern Kingdom. This name was foftened into Aufiria 
by the Italian and French enunciation; and this divifion, 
which may be confidered as partly belonging to ancient 
Pannonia, arofe after Charlemagne had eftablifhed the 
weftern empire; being a remnant of the fovereignty of 
what was called Eaftern France, eftablifhed by that con¬ 
queror. It was alfo ftyled Marchia Orientalis, the 
Eaftern March, or Boundary, and in the ninth and tenth 
centuries was the frontier of the empire againft the bar¬ 
barians. In 928, the emperor Henry the Fowler, per¬ 
ceiving that it was of great importance to fettle fome 
per fon in Auftria who might oppofe thefe incurfions, in- 
veiled 
