AYR 
frown In Kent', fituated on the river Medway, thirty-four 
miles eaft from London, four from Maiddone, and fix from 
Rocheder. It was noted for a great overthrow given to 
Hengid, and his Saxon army, by Vortimer the Britilh king. 
AYLE'SHAM. See Alesham. 
AYL'MER (John), bidiop of London, in the reign of 
queen Elizabeth, was born in the year 1521, at Aylmer-, 
hall in the parifli of Tilney, in the county of Norfolk. 
"Whiht a boy, he was didinguiflied for his quick parts by 
the marquis of Dorfet, afterwards duke of Suffolk; who 
Lent him to Cambridge, made him his chaplain, and tutor 
to his children. One of thefe children was the unfortu¬ 
nate lady Jane Gray, who foon became perfectly acquaint¬ 
ed with the Latin and Greek languages. His fird prefer¬ 
ment was to the archdeaconry of Stow in the diocefe of 
Lincoln, which gave him a feat in the convocation held in 
the fird year of queen Mary, where he refolutely oppofed 
the rettum to Popery, to which the generality of the clergy 
were inclined. He was foon after obliged to-fly his country, 
and take (helteramong the Proteftants in Switzerland. On 
the acceflion of queen Elizabeth, he returned to England. 
In 1562, he obtained the archdeaconry of Lincoln; and 
was a member of the famous-fynod of that year, which 
reformed and fettled the doftrine and difcipline of the 
church of England. In the year 1576, he was confecra- 
ted biihop of London. He preached frequently in his ca¬ 
thedral, and had an admirable talent of captivating the 
attention of his hearers. At one time, perceiving his au¬ 
dience to be very inattentive, he took a Hebrew bible out 
of his pocket, and began to read it: this immediately awa¬ 
kened his hearers, who looked up at him,, amazed that he 
Ihould entertain them fo unprofrtably ; when, finding they 
were thoroughly awake and very attentive, he proceeded 
in his fermon, after admonifiiing them how much it refledt- 
ed on their good fenfe, that in matters of mere novelty, 
and when they underftood not a word, they fliould liften 
fo heedfully, and yet be fo very negligent and regardlefs 
of points of the utmoft importance. He died at Fulham,, 
the 3d of June, 1594, aged feventy-three, and was buried 
in St. Paul’s. He was a learned man, a zealous father of 
the church, and a bitter enemy to the puritans. He pub- 
lilhed a piece intitled, ‘An Harbrowe for faithful and 
trewe Subjedts again!! the late blowne Blade concerning 
the Government of Women, &c. ’This was Written vvhilft 
he was abroad, in anfvver to Knox, who publifhed a book 
at Geneva under this title, ‘ The firft Blad again!! the 
mondrous Regiment and Empire of Women." lie is by 
Strype fuppofed to have publifhed Lady Jane Gray’s Let¬ 
ter to Harding. He alfo aflided Fox in trandating his 
Hidory of Martyrs into Latin. 
AY'LOFFE (Sir Jofeph), Bart. V.P.A.S. and F.R.S.. 
born 1705, died 178-1. His extenlive knowledge of our 
national antiquities and municipal rights, and the agreeable 
manner in which he communicated it to his friends and 
the public, can fed his death to be conlidered as a public 
misfortune. 
AYM AR'GUES, a town of France, in the department 
©f tlse Card, and chief place of a canton in the didridt 
©f Nifines, fituated in a marfiiy country, which renders the 
accefs to it difficult: five leagues wed of Arles, and three 
and a half fouth of Nifmes. 
AY'NAC, a town of France, in tire department of the 
Lot, and chief place of a canton, in the didridt of 1 - igeac : 
twelve miles horth-north-wed of Figeac. 
AYR, a town and county of Scotland. See Air. 
Ayr, a river of Scotland, which riles on the borders 
af Lanerklhire, and runs into the frith of Clyde. 
Ayr, a river of France, which runs into the Aifne, 
near Grandpre. 
AYRAI'NES, a town of France, in the department of 
the Somme, and chief place of a canton, in the didridt of 
Amiens: nine miles fouth-fouth-ead of Abbeville. 
AY'RY,/ [of cyra, Teat, eggs; becaufe at that time 
hatched of eggLj The neft of the hawk.—I (hould dif- 
A Z A 5 87 
courfe on, the brancher, the haggard, and then treat of 
their feveral ayries.' Walton. 
AYS'CUE (Sir George), a gallant Englidi admiral, de- 
feended from a good family in Lincolndiire. He obtained 
the honour of knighthood from Charles I. which, howe¬ 
ver, did not withhold him from adhering to the parliament 
in the civil war : he was by them condituted admiral of 
the Irifh feas, where he is faicl to have done great fervice 
to the Protedant intered, and to have contributed much 
to the reduction of the whole illand. In 1651 he reduced 
Barbadoes and Virginia, then held for the king, to the obe¬ 
dience of the parliament; and foon after the redoration. 
behaved with great honour in the war with the Dutch. In 
the famous engagement in June 1666, when Sir George 
was admiral of the white fquadron, His (hip, the Royal 
Prince, ran upon the Gallop-fand ; where, being furround- 
ed with enemies, his men obliged him to drike. He went 
no more to fea after this, but fpent the red of his life in 
retirement. 
AZAB', in the Turkifh armies, a didin<SL body of fol- 
diery, who are great rivals of the Janifaries. 
AZAD ARICH'TA,/. in botany. See Melia. 
AZA'GRA, a-town of Spain, in Navarre, on the Ebro, 
two leagues from Calahorra 1 . 
AZA'LE A[ataAeo?, dry ; from its growing in a dry 
foil.] In botany, a genus of the clals pentandria, order 
monogynia, natural order bicornes. The generic charac¬ 
ters are—Calyx: perianthium five-parted, acute, eredt, 
fmall, coloured, permanent. Corolla: monopetalous* beil- 
diaped, l'emiqu-inquefid ; the fides of the Aivilions bent in.. 
Stamina : filaments five, filiform, inferted into the recep¬ 
tacle, free; antherx fimple. Pidillum : germ roundifii; 
dyle filiform, the length of the corolla* permanent ; digma, 
obtufe. Pericarpium capfule roundifii, five-celled, five- 
valved. Seeds : many, roundilh, — EJfential Char after. Co¬ 
rolla bell-fhaped ; (lamina inferted into the receptacle; 
capfule five-celled. 
Species, r. Azalea-Pontica* or Pontic azalea: leaves 
fliining, lanceolate, fmooth on both fides; racemes termi¬ 
nal.. This Ipecies much refembles rhododendron Ponticum,. 
but it lias five damensand yellow corollas, not ten damens 
and. violet-coloured corollas, as that has. The leaves are 
fmaller. Native of Pontus. 
2. Azalea Indica, or Indian azalea : flowers fubfolitary, 
calyxes hairy. This is a flirfib three feet in height, with 
a* trunk an inch thick, having a rough cinereous brown 
bark: the branches are fliort, twided, and irregular; the 
leaves did’, clofe, and evergreen. Beautiful bright-red 
flowers cover the whole upper part of the (limb. Native 
of the Ead Indies. Much cultivated in Jiipan for the 
elegance of its flowers, and the variety in dze and colours-. 
3. Azalea nudiflora,. or naked-flowered azalea: leaves 
ovate,'corollas hairy, damens very long. This, in its na¬ 
tive country, frequently rifes to the height of fifteen feet, 
but in England is never more than half lo high. It fends 
out feveral denis from the root. Linnaeus obferves, that 
it flowers before the leaves come out, whence the trivial 
name; and that the damens are double the length of the 
corolla. The flowers fit in a circle round the extremity 
of the dem, and in their wild (late are either of a dark or 
lively red colour; by degrees the fun bleaches th'em. 
These are many varieties in the gardens: Colden (peaks 
of yellow flowers, but that is probably a miflake. Some 
of the buflies, in their native place of growth, are fix feet 
high and more ; others are low ; and (bine not more than 
a few inches from the ground, all covered with flowers* 
It is a native of Virginia, and other provinces of North 
America; in the woods of New Jerfey it is common, and 
is called mayjfozciers, wildkoneyfuckies, and upright koneyfuc- 
Aks. Peter Collinfon, Efq. introduced it here in 1734. 
4. Azalea vifeofa, or vilcid azalea-: leaves fcabrous at 
the edge, corollas with glutinous hairs. This is a low 
(limb, rifing with feveral (lender (terns near four feet high. 
The leaves come out in cinders at the ends of the (hoots 
without 
