6io BAD 
town was burned down by the French.- It is twenty-two 
miles north-eaft of Strafburg, thirty-fix weft of Stutgart, 
and forty fouth-fouth-weft of Heidelberg. Lat.48. 46. 
N. Ion. 25. 53. E. Ferro. 
Baden, a county and bailiwick of Swifferland, in Ar- 
gow, formerly an independent county, but now fubjeCt to 
the cantons, lying on both Tides the Limmat, bounded on 
the weft by the river Aar, on the north by the Rhine, and 
on the fouth by the Reufz, about feven leagues long, and 
three wide. The foil is fertile, and in general abounds 
in grain and fruit. The mountains yield excellent free- 
ftone, marble, and iron-ore. The greater part of the in¬ 
habitants are Roman Catholics; and the principal town is 
Baden. 
Baden, or Upper. Baden, a town of Swifterland, and 
capital of tire county fo called, fituated on the Limmat. 
It is the refidence of the bailiff, who is appointed by the 
cantons of Zurich, Berne, and Claris, alternately; the two 
former appoint for feven years, but Claris only for two. 
Divers monuments teftify the antiquity of this town ; and 
the virtues of its mineral waters have been long known. 
The dukes of Auftria had formerly a caftle here, where 
they redded when they vidted their eftates in Helvetia, till 
it vvas taken with the whole country from duke Frederic, 
in the year 1415.. The baths are conftriiCted on both ddcs 
of the Limmat, and form a feparate town half a mile be¬ 
low the other. The waters are warm and abundant, fup- 
plying two large public refervoirs for the ufe of the poor, 
beddes two hundred private baths. It is twenty-feven 
miles fouth-eaft of Bade, and fourteen north-weft of Zu¬ 
rich. Lat.47.28.N- Ion. 25. 53. E. Ferro. 
Baden, a town of Germany, in the archduchy of Auf¬ 
tria, on the river Schwocha, celebrated for its warm baths, 
of which they reckou nine different in number: the town 
is walled, contains three church.es, and is twelve miles 
S. S, W. of Vienna. Lat.48. 3. N. Ion. 33. 38. E. Ferro. 
BA'DENOCH, a diftriCt of Scotland, intheeaftpart 
#f the county of Invernefs, very barren and hilly, and def- 
titute of any town or village worthy of notice. 
BADNU'CHI, a town of North America, in the pro¬ 
vince of New r Navarre, 125 miles fouth of Cafa Grand. 
BA'DENS (Francis), an hiftorical and portrait painter, 
was born at Antwerp in 1571; and the firft rudiments of 
the art were communicated to him by his father, w ho was 
but an indifferent artift. However, he vidted Rome, and 
feveral parts of Italy, and.acquired a tafte and manner ex¬ 
ceedingly pleadng. On returning to his own country his 
merit procured him great employment, and (till greater re¬ 
putation, and he W'as ufually diftinguiflted by the name of 
the Italian painter. His touch was light and fpirited, and 
his colouring warm. While his acknowledged merit was 
rewarded with every public teftimony of efteem and ap- 
plaufe, he received an account of the death of Ids bro¬ 
ther, who had been affaflinated on his journey; and the in¬ 
telligence affeCted him fo violently, that it occadoned his 
«wn death, to the inexpredible regret of every lover of 
the art, in 1603. 
B ADENWEI'LER, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Suabia, and margraviate of Baden-Baden, two miles 
fouth of Snltzburg. 
BA'DEW (Richard de), the firft founder of Clare-hall 
in Cambridge, was defcended from a good family at Great 
Badew, or Badow, near Chelmsford, in Effex. From this 
place they took their furname; and here, probably, Rd. 
de Badew was born. In 1326 he was chancellor of the 
univerfity of Cambridge; and having purchafed to tene¬ 
ments in Miln-ftreet, of Nigel Thornton, a phyfician, lie 
laid there, in the year above-mentioned, the foundation of 
a building, to which was given the name of Univerfity- 
hall. In it he placed a principal, who was to take care of 
the penlioners that came to live there. It continued for 
the fpace of (ixteen years, and then by an accidental fire 
was burnt down. Richard de Badew being unable to re¬ 
build it, it lay for fome years in ruins; but one of the 
jenfioners having a great intereft with Elizabeth, daugh- 
B A D 
ter of Sir Gilbert de Clare, earl of Gloucefter, he pre¬ 
vailed upon her to undertake what de Badew was notable 
to perform. Whereupon this benevolent lady, with the 
confent of Richard de Badew, new-built the hall, and en¬ 
dowed it, in the year 1347, with revenues for one matter, 
ten fellows, and ten fcholars. At the fame time fhe na¬ 
med it Clare-hall, from her own family furname. 
B A'DEY, a town of Perfia, in the province of Khora^> 
fan, 140 miles north-weft of Herat. 
BADGE, f. [a word of uncertain-etymology ; derived 
by Juniits from bode or bade, a meffenger, and fuppofed to 
be corrupted from badage , the credential of a meffenger; 
but taken by Skinner and Minfhew from bagg/ie, Dut. a 
jewel, or bague , Fr. a ring. It feems to come from bajulo , 
Lat. to carry.] A mark or cognizance worn to fiievv the 
relation of the wearer to any perfon or thing.—The out¬ 
ward fplendour of his office is the badge and token of that 
facred character which he inwardly bears. Atterbury. — A 
token by which one is known: 
A favage tygrefs on her helmet lies ; 
The famous badge Clarinda us’d to bear. Fairfax. 
The mark or token of any thing.—Sweet mercy is nobili. 
ty’s true badge. Shakefpeare. 
Badge, in naval architecture, fignifies a fort of orna¬ 
ment placed on the outlide of fmall (hips, very near the 
ftern, containing either a window' for the convenience of 
the cabin, or a reprefentation of it. It is commonly de¬ 
corated with marine figures, martial inftruments, or fuch* 
like emblems. 
To Badge, v.a. To mark as with a badge; 
Your royal father’s murder’d- 
Thofe of his chamber, as it feem’d, had done’t: 
Their hands and faces were all badg’d with blood. Shake/. 
BAD'GER,yi [perhaps from bajulus, Lat. a carrier; 
but by Junius derived from the badger , a creature who 
flows up his provifion.] One that buys corn and victuals 
in one place, and carries it unto another to fell. 
Badger, in zoology, the Englifh name of a fpeciesof 
urfus. See Ursus. 
Badger-legged, adj. [from badger and legged.'] Ha¬ 
ving legs of an unequal length, as the badger is fuppofed 
to have. 
B A'DI A, an ancient town of Baetica on the Anas; now 
fuppofed to be Badajos on the Guadiana. 
Badia, a town of Italy, in the duchy of Tufcany, Se¬ 
venteen miles north of Florence. 
BADIA'GA,yi in the materia medica, the name of a 
fort of fpongy plant, common in the ffiops in Mofcow, and 
fome other northern kingdoms. It is ufed to take away 
livid marks arifing from blows or bruifes, which the pow¬ 
der of this plant is faid to do in a night’s time. 
BADIA'NE, or Bandian,/. the feed of a tree which 
grows in China, and fmells like anife-feed. The Chinefe-, 
and the Dutch in imitation of them, fometimes ufe the 
badiane to give their tea an aromatic tafte. 
BADlGE'ON,y. a mixture of plafter and free-ftone, 
ground together, and fifted ; ufed by ftatuaries to fill up 
the little holes, and repair the-defeCts, in (tones whereof 
they make their flatties and other work. The fame term 
is alfo ufed by joiners for faw-duft mixed with ftrong blue, 
wherewith they fill up fhe chaps and other defeCts in wood 
after it is wrought. 
BA'DILE (Antonio), an hiftorical and portrait painter, 
was born at Verona in 1480, and by great ftudy and ap¬ 
plication acquired a more extenfive knowledge of the true 
principles of painting than any of his predeceffors. He 
vvas confeffedly a moft eminent artift; but lie derived great¬ 
er honour from having two fuch difciples as Paolo Vero- 
nefe and Baptifta Zelotti, than he did even from the ex¬ 
cellence of his own compofitions. He died in 1560. His 
colouring was admirably good; his carnations beautiful; 
and his portraits preferved the perfeCt refemblance of flefh 
and real life; nor had lie any caufe to envy the acknow- 
„ ledged 
