B A 1 
to impound, detain, and keep, until payment be made of 
the fiiid rents and profits, and the arrears thereof. And I 
do alfo further impower and authorife the faid J. G. to 
take care of and infpedl into all and every my me fill ages, 
lands, and woods, within the. faid manor ; and to take an 
account of all defeats, decays, waftes, fpoils, trefpailes, or 
other mifdemeanors, committed or permitted within my 
faid manor, or in any melfuages, lands, or woods, there; 
and from time to time to give me a juft and true account 
in writing thereof: and further to act and do all other 
things that to the office of a bailiff of the faid manor be¬ 
longs and appertains, during my will and pleafure. In 
witnefs, &c.” 
Water-B ai liff, an officer appointed in all port-towns, 
for the fearching of fhips, gathering the toll for anchorage, 
&c. and arrefting perfons for debt, &c. on the water. 
BAIL'II (David), painter of perfpedtive views and 
portraits, was the fon of Peter Bailii, an artift of fome 
note ; and was born at Leyden in 1584. From his father 
he learned to draw and defign : but he was afterwards 
placed under the care of Adrian Verburg ; and, when he 
quitted that mafter, he ftudied to much greater advantage 
with Cornelius Vandervoort, an excellent portrait painter. 
As Vandervoort pofiefied many capital paintings, Bailii, 
for his own improvement, copied them with critical care 
and obfervation ; and particularly a perfpedtive view of 
the infide of a church, originally painted by Stenwyck, 
which he finifhed with fuch accuracy, that even Stenwyck 
himfelf could fcarcely determine which was the original, 
or which the copy, when both were placed before him. 
He travelled through Italy to fee the works of the cele¬ 
brated matters of that country, and for a few years refided 
at Rome ; and abroad, as well as in his own country, the 
correftnefs of his drawing, and the delicate finifhing of 
his pictures, procured him employment, admirers, and 
friends. He died in 1638. 
BAI'LIWICK,yi [of baillie, Fr. and wic, Sax.] Is not 
Only taken for the county, but fignifies generally that li¬ 
berty which is exempted from the fheriff of the county, 
over which the lord of the liberty appointeth a bailiff with 
fuch powers within his precinft, as an under-flieriff exer- 
cifeth under the fheriff of the county ; fuch as the bailiff 
of Weftminfter, &c. Stat. 27 Eliz.c. 12. Wood'sInjl. 206. 
BAILLEAU' I.’EVEQUE, a tov/n of France, in the 
department of the Eure and Loire, and chief place of a 
canton, in the diftriFl of Chartres, one league and a half 
north-weft of Chartres. 
BAILLE'E, a town of France, in the department of 
t*he Mayenne, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt 
of Chateaugontier, 4^ leagues N. E. of Chateaugontier. 
BAILLET' (Adrian), a learned French writer and cri¬ 
tic, born in 1649, at the village of Neuville, near Beau¬ 
vais, in Picardy. His parents were too poor to give him 
a proper education, which he obtained by the favour of 
the biftiop of Beauvais, who afterwards prefented him 
with a fmall vicarage. In 1680, he was appointed libra¬ 
rian to M. de Lamoignon, advocate-general to the par¬ 
liament of Paris ; of whole library he made a copious in¬ 
dex in thirty-five volumes folio, all written with his own 
hand. He died in 17c6, after writing many works; the 
principal of which are, A Hiftory of Holland, from 1609 
to the Peace of Nimeguen in 1679, four vols. 121T10; Lives 
of the Saints, three vols. folio, which he profeffed to have 
purged from fables; Jugemens des Savans, nine vols. 
i2mo ; and the Life of Des Cartes, two vols. quarto. 
BAILLEUL', a town of France, in the department of 
the North,'and chief place of a canton, in the diftribt of 
Hazenbrouck ; it was formerly fortified, but is now with¬ 
out defence; three leagues eaft-fouth-eaft of Call'd, and 
four and a half weft-north-weft of Lille. 
Bailleul, a town of France, in the department of the 
Sarte, two leagues from La Fleche. 
BAIL'LIE (John), an Englifli phyfician, and dramatic 
author of confiderable merit. He died in 1743. 
Baili.ie (Robert), a diffenting miuifter of great emi- 
Vog II. No. 93. 
B A I -6z 9 
and much efteemed for his theological and mifrel- 
He was born in 1599, 
nence 
laneous writings. He was born in 1399, and died in 1662. 
BAILLY' (Jean Sylvain), a celebrated French aftrono- 
mer, hiftoriographer, and politician, was born at Paris, 
15th September, 1736, and became one of the greateft 
men of the age, having been a member of feveral acade¬ 
mies, and an excellent fcholar and writer. He enjoyed 
for feveral years the office of keeper of the king’s pictures 
at Paris. He publiftied, in 1766, An Effay on the Theory 
of Jupiter’s Satellites. In the Journal Encyclopedique for 
May and July 1773, lie addrelfed a letter to M. Bernouilli, 
aftronomer royal at Berlin, upon fome difcoveries relative 
to thefe fatellites, which he had difputed. In 1768, he 
publiftied the Eulogy of Leibnitz, which obtained the prize 
at the academy of Berlin, where it was printed. In 1,770, 
he printed at Paris, in otiavo, the Eulogies of Charles the 
Vth, of de la Caille, of Leibnitz, and of Corneille. This 
laft had the fecond prize at the academy of Rouen, and 
that of Moliere had the fame honour at the French aca¬ 
demy. M. Bailly v'as admitted into the academy as ad¬ 
junct the 29th of January, 1763, and as aflociate the 14th 
of July, 1770. In 1775 came out at Paris, in quarto, his 
Hiftory of the Ancient Aftronomy. In 1779, the Hiftory of 
Modern Aftronomy, two vols. and in 1787, the Hiftory of 
the Indian and Oriental Aftronomy. He alfo publiftied a 
number of elfays on aftronomical fubjefts, in the Memoirs 
of the Royal Academy of Paris. 
In the beginning of the revolution in France, in 1789, 
M. Badly took an active part in that bufinefs, and was io 
popular and generally efteemed, that lie was chofen the 
firft prefident of the ftates general, and of the national af- 
fembly, and was afterwards for two years together the 
mayor of Paris ; in both which offices lie conducted him- 
felr witli great fpirit, and gave general fatisfaftion. He 
foon afterwards, however, experienced a fad reverfe of for¬ 
tune ; being accufed by the ruling party of favouring the 
king, he was condemned for incivifm and wanting to over¬ 
turn the republic, and died by the guillotine at Paris the 
nth November, 1793, at fifty-feven years of age. He 
fuftained all the ferocity of a populace, whofe idol he had 
been, and he was fliamefully abandoned by a people whom 
he never ceafed to efteem. He died, like the juft man ae- 
fcribed by Plato, overwhelmed with ignominy. They fpat 
upon him, they burned a flag before his eyes : fome hired 
ruffians even approached to ftrike him, in fpiteof his exe¬ 
cutioners, who themfelves were afhamed of fuch brutali¬ 
ty. He was covered with mud ; he was detained three 
hours at the place of execution, and the fcaffold of the 
prefident of the Tennis-court was erefted in the midft of 
filth and ordure. A chilling rain, which fell in torrents, 
added to the horrors of his fituation. With his hands 
bound behind his back, he fometimes begged for an end 
to his fufferings; but thefe words were uttered with a 
calmnefs worthy of one of the firft philofophers in Eu¬ 
rope. To a man, who faid to him, “ Bailly, you trem¬ 
ble !” he replied, “ My friend, it is with cold.” Fie left a 
memorial behind him, in his ow n hand, which contains a 
complete refutation of every charge that was made againft 
him by his malicious perfecutors. 
BAIL'MENT, f. [bailler , Fr. to deliver.] “ A deli¬ 
very of goods in truft, upon a contract exprefled or im¬ 
plied that the truft fhall be faithfully executed on the part 
of the baillee the perfon to whom they are delivered. 
2 Comm. 451. to which Sir W. Jones adds, “ and the goods 
re-delivered as foon as the time or ufe, for which they 
were bailed, fliall have elapfed or be performed.” Law of 
Bailments , p. 117. 
It is to be known that there are fix forts of bailments 
which lay a care and obligation on the party to whom goods 
are bailed ; and which confequently fubjeft him to an ac¬ 
tion, if he mifbehave in the truft repofed in him. 1. A 
bare and naked bailment, to keep for the ufe of the bailor, 
■which is called depojitum ; and fuch bailee is not chargea¬ 
ble for a common negleft, but it mud be a grofs one to 
make him liable. 2 Sir. 1099. 3. A delivery of goods 
7 X which 
