6yo BAN 
this might, in reality, be no more than an honourable ex* 
ile. i Black. 137. 
The ftate of banifliment was reprefented by the ancients 
by a man in a pilgrim’s habit, in his right hand a ftaff and 
in !iis left a falcon, with a down-caft and lorrowful coun¬ 
tenance. 
BA'NISTER (John), a phyiician and furgeon in the 
reign of queen Elizabeth, was educated at Oxford, where, 
fays Anthony Wood, he ftudied lo’gicals for a time; but 
afterwards applied himfelf folely to phytic and forgery, 
In 1573 he took, the degree of bachelor of phylic; and, 
obtaining a licence front the univerfity to practife, fettled 
at .Nottingham, where lie lived many years in great repute, 
and”'■wrote feveral medical treatifes. His works were col¬ 
lected and publifhed in 1633, 4to. 
BANISTE'RIA, J. [So named by Dr. 1 -Iouftoun, in 
memory of tite Rev. John Banilter, a curious botanitt, who 
loft his life, in the fearch after plants, in Virginia.] I11 
botany, a genus of the clafs decandria, order trigynia, 
natural order of trihilatas. The generic charaders are— 
Calyx : perianthium five-parted, very finall, ft iff under¬ 
neath with tubercles, permanent ; two melliferous glands 
are under each divifion of the calyx, except one ; they 
are therefore eight in number. Corolla : petals five, or- 
biculate, very large, fpreading, crenate ; claws oblong, 
linear. Stamina : filaments ten, very filial 1 ., coalefcent at 
bottom ; antherae fnnpie. Pifiillnm : germ three, winged, 
coalefcent ; ftyles three, fimple ; ftigmas obtufe. Pericar- 
pium : capfules three, running out into a long wing, one- 
celled, marked at the Tides with finall appendicles, not 
gaping. Seeds folitary, covered, toothed on the lateral 
edge.— EJfcntial Character. Calyx five-parted, with mel¬ 
liferous pores at the bafe on the outlide. Petals roundifh, 
with claws. Stigmas leaf-iliaped. Seeds three, winged 
with membranes. 
Species. 1. Banifteria angulofa : leaves finuate-angular. 
Stem twining, with oppoiite branches, thickened at the 
bafe. Leaves cordate, angular, the breadth equal to the 
length, ending at top in a (hurt dagger point, green above, 
whitifii beneath, nearly equal to the petioles, on which 
and near the leaf are two oppofite glands. Native of the 
ifiand of Dominique, (where Plumcr firft obferved it,) 
Hifpaniola, See. 
2. Banifteria purpurea : leaves ovate, fpikes lateral, 
feeds ered. Stems ftrong and woody, divided into many 
branches, which are oppoiite and twining. It creeps with 
theie over the hedges. Leaves an inch long, on fiiort pe¬ 
tioles. Native of the Caribbee iflands. Mr. Miller fays 
he had it from Campeachy. He cultivated it in 1759. 
3. Banifteria laurifolia : leaves ovate-oblong rigid, ra¬ 
cemes terminal. Stem fhrubby, climbing, with loofe, re¬ 
flex, diverging, roundifti, rugged, branches. Native of 
Jamaica and Hifpaniola. 
4. Banifteria longifolia : leaves oblong acuminate rigid 
Ihining, panicle terminating, branches fpreading very 
much. Native of the Weft Indies. 
5. Banifteria Benghalenfts : leaves ovate-oblong acumi¬ 
nate, racemes lateral, feeds fpreading. This has ftrong 
woody ftalks, twining about trees which grow near it, and 
rifing twenty feet high. Branches round. Leaves fmooth, 
like thofe of the bay-tree. Fruit triple ; each having a 
lanceolate, obtufe, membrane, thicker downwards, with 
a fmall lobe on each tide at the bafe. This fpecies recedes 
from the genus ; it has only one ftyle, and the capfule has 
four wings. Native of the Eaft and Weft Indies. 
6. Banifteria dichotoma,: leaves ovate, branches dicho¬ 
tomous. Stem flender, very tough, climbing aloft upon 
the neighbouring trees. Leaves ovate-acuminate, very 
like thofe of convolvulus, but much larger, quite entire, 
fmooth, bright green. Plunder firft obferved it in the 
ifland of Martinico. 
7. Banifteria fulgens : leaves fubovate, tomentofe un¬ 
derneath, racemes brachiate, peduncles umbelled. This 
has (lender winding ftalks, which rile five or fix feet high. 
The flowers grow in a round bunch at the extremity of 
BAN 
the'branches, and are of a brownifti yellow colour. The 
feeds are fmaller, and have narrower, wings than in the 
third fpecies. The leaves are ovate with a point, villufe 
beneath, (hining, fmooth on the upper furface. A foli¬ 
tary branch comes forth from the axils, furnifhed with 
leaves, producing at top in a kind of umbel feveral fili¬ 
form, fimple, one-flowered, peduncles. Nativeof Jamaica, 
and Barbadoes. Miller fays, Campeachy, Sec. 
8. Banifteria brachiata : leaves fubovate, branches bra¬ 
chiate, feeds narrower within. Very like the foregoing 
but the leaves more blunt : the upper branches flower- 
bearing, panicled ; the inner margin of the winged feed 
(harp, the outer blunt ; it has no tooth let belides the la¬ 
teral ones at the bafe. This fends out many branches, 
which divide again into others, growing without order, 
and become very bufliy upward, lending out tendrils by 
which they faften themfelves to the neighbouring trees, 
and mount to a great height; ttiefe are garniflied with 
oval ft iff leaves, ending in a point. The flowers are pro¬ 
duced in loofe lpikes at the ends of the brandies ; are firft 
of a gold colour, and fade to a fcarlet. Thefe are fuc- 
ceeded by (lender thin feeds, and for the mod part fingle. 
Native of Carthagena. 
9. Banifteria aculeata : leaves pinnate, leaflets oblong, 
obtufe, flowers (piked, ftem branching prickly. This has 
climbing ftalks, which divide into many branches, gar- 
ni(hed with long winged leaves, compofed of about twen¬ 
ty pair of fmall, oblong, blunt, pinnae, each having a 
deep furrow on the under fide. At the wings of the leaves 
the ftalks are armed with fliort ftrong fpines, a little crook¬ 
ed. The flowers grow in long loofe fpikes at the end of 
the branches, are fucceeded by fingle feeds, and as large as 
thofe of the greater Maple. Native of Tolu. 
10. Banifteria ccerulea : brandies tuberded, leaves 
ovate-acute, coriaceous, racemes axillary. Stem climb¬ 
ing : branches round, with a whitifh bark, lomewhat 
rough. Native of Jamaica and Dominique. 
11. Banifteria nitida : leaves ovate-oblong, quite entire, 
Alining beneath, panicle terminating, leafy. Branches 
fmooth and round. Native of Brafil, where it was found 
by Commerfon. 
12. Banifteria chryfophylla ; branches tuberded, leaves 
ovate-acute, with a golden nap on the lower furface, 
wings very long. Stem arboreous, branched, covered 
with a glaucous bark, variegated with white tubercles and 
fiffures. Fruits a little larger than the Chice-pea, fmooth, 
running out into large golden wings. Found by Commer- 
ion, near Rio-Janeiro in BrafiL 
13. Banifteria muricata : leaves ovate-acute, tomentofe 
beneath, racemes axillary, capfules muricate. Native of 
Peru, where it was found by Jofeph de Julfieu. 
14. Banifteria Leona: brandies tuberded, leaves ovate- 
acuminate coriaceous, flowers panicled. Native of Ame¬ 
rica ; and found by Smeathman at Sierra Leona in Africa, 
whither perhaps it has been tranfported. 
15. Banifteria ferruginea: leaves ovate-acuminate, fer¬ 
ruginous beneath, flowers panicled, brades imbricate. 
Nativeof Rio-Janeira near St. Sebaftian in Brafil; and 
found there by Commerfon. 
16. Banifteria emarginata: leaves ovate fubcordate, e- 
marginate-cufpidate at the end, tomentofe on the lower 
furface, flowers raceme-corymbed. Branches (lender, 
with a brown bark. Leaves above fhining, lead-colour¬ 
ed when dry. Native of America. 
17. Banifteria quapara: leaves ovate, tomentofe be¬ 
neath, flowers in corymbs, feeds ered. This is a (limb, 
fix feet in height, putting out many twining branches, 
by which it climbs up trees. Native of Guiana, on the 
borders of meadows; flowering in Auguft: obferved there 
by Aublet. 
18. Banifteria finemarienfis: leaves ovate-acuminate, 
flowers in corymbs yellow, wings gradually widening. 
This is a ftirub with a trunk five feet high, putting forth 
many climbing twining branches. Leaves pale green be¬ 
neath, dark green above, covered with fmall bridles. 
Native 
