BAR 
Barbadofs Bastard-cfdar. See Cedrela. 
Barbadoes Cherry. See Malpigh-ia. 
Barbadoes Gooseberry. See Cactus Pereskia. 
Barbadoes Tar, ( Petroleum Barbadcnfc,) a mineral 
fluid of the nature of the thicker fluid bitumens, of a nan- 
feous bitter take, and very ftrong and disagreeable ftr.ell, 
found in many parts of America trickling down the tides 
of the mountains, and fometimes floating'on the furface 
of the waters. It is vifeid, brown, black, or reddiih ; 
is not fallible in ardent fpirit ; ealily melts ; burns with 
much ftnoke ; and contains a portion of acid of amber. 
It lias been found very beneficial in coughs and other dis¬ 
orders of the bread and lungs, and it is on this account 
that a folution of the flowers of fulphtir in this fluid, is 
included in the revifed pharmacopoeia of the London Col¬ 
lege, under the name of 'petroleum fulpkuralum. 
Barabados Wild Olive. See Bontia. 
BARB A'NA, a town of Iflria, feven miles north-north- 
eafi of Pola. 
B ARBA'NO, a final! ifland in the northern part of the 
Adriatic, near the coafl of Friuli. Lat. 45. 45. N. Ion. 31. 
14. E. Ferro. 
BAR'B ARA, [Lat. foreign or drange.] A proper name 
of Women. 
Barbara, among logicians, the fird mode of the fird 
figure of fyllogifms. A fyllogilm in Barbara is one vvhere¬ 
of all the propolitions are univerfal and affirmative ; the 
middle term being the fubjeEt of the fird propoiltion, and 
attribute in the fecond. 
Ex. Bar. Every wicked man is miferable; 
ba. All tyrants are wicked men; 
ra. Therefore all tyrants, are miferable. 
BAR'BAREA,/ in botany. See Dent a ria and Ery¬ 
simum. 
BARBA'RIA.N, f. [barbarus , Lat. It feems to have 
fignified at fird. only a foreigner ; but, iu time, implied 
home degree of wildnefs or cruelty.] A man uncivilized ; 
untaught ; a lavage : 
Proud Greece all nations elfe barbarians held, 
Boading, her learning all the world excell’d. Denham. 
A foreigner. A brutal monfier ; a mail without pity : a 
.term of reproach : 
Thou fell barbarian ! 
What had lie done ? what could provoke thy madnefs 
T’ aflaffipate fo great, fo brave, a man ? A . Philips. 
Barbarian, adj. Belonging to barbarians ; favage: 
Some felt the blent broke of mould’ring age, 
Barbarian blindnefs. - Pope. 
B ARB A'R IC, adj. [barbarians, Lat. in a different fenfe, 
it means in Latin wrought,fretted.^ Foreign: far-fetched: 
The gorgeous Eaft, with ricbed hand, 
Shovv’rs on her kinffis barbaric pearls and gold. Milton. 
BAR'BARISM, f. [ barbarifmus, Lat.] A form of 
Speech contrary the purity and exaibnefs of any language. 
—The language is as near approaching to it, as our mo¬ 
dern barbarifm will allow ; whicl^ is ail that can be ex-pett¬ 
ed. Diyden. —Ignorance of arts ; want, of learning,—The 
genius of Raphael having fucceeded to the times of bar- 
harifm and ignorance, the knowledge of painting is now 
arrived to perfection. Dryden. —Brutality ; favagfenefs of 
manners; incivility.—Moderation ought to be had in tem¬ 
pering and managing the Irifh, to bring them from their 
delight of licentious barbarifm unto the love of goodnefs 
and civility. Spenfer. —Cruelty; barbarity; unpitying hard- 
nefs of heart : not now in ufe. 
They mud perforce have melted, 
And barbarifm itfelf have pitied him. SkcJtfpeare. 
BAR.BA'RfTY, f. Savagenefs; incivility. Cruelty; 
inhumanity.—And they did treat him with all the rude- 
nefs, reproach, and barbarity, imaginable. Clarendon. — 
f 
B A K. 707 
Barbarifm; impurity of fpeech.—Latin exprefTes that in 
on word, which either the barbarity or narrownels of mo¬ 
dern tongues cannot fiipply in more. Dtyden. 
BARBAROS'SA (Aruch, or -Horne, and Hayradie), 
two famous coflairs, the Ions of a potter in the iHe of 
Lelbos ; vvho, turning pirates, carried on their depreda¬ 
tions with fucli fuccefs and conduit, that they were foon 
poflelled of twelve galleys, befidcs finaller velfels. Of th s 
fleet Home the elder brother, called Barbarof'a from the 
rednefs of his beard, was admiral, and Hayradin the fe¬ 
cond in command ; they called themlelves tire friends of 
the fa, and the enemies of all who failed upon it ; and their 
names became terrible from the drafts of Dardanelles to 
thofe of Gibraltar. Witli fucli a power they wanted an 
eftablidiment ; and-the opportunity of fettling thqmfelves 
offered in 1516, by the inconfiderate application of Eutemi 
king'of Algiers to them for alii (lance againft the Spaniards. 
Horuc, leaving Iris brother to command the fleet, carried 
3000 men to Algiers, where he was received as their de¬ 
liverer ; and, fecretly murdering the prince he came to aid, 
c-aufed himfelf to be proclaimed king in his (lead. To this 
ufurpation he added the conqucft of Tremecen ; when his 
exploits and piracies induced the emperor Charles V. to 
furniffi the marquis de Gomarez governor of Oran with 
troops to fupprefs him ; by whom he was defeated and 
killed near Tremecen. His brother Hayradin, known alfo 
by the name of BarbaroJJa, adorned the feeptre at Algiers 
with the fame abilities, and with better fortune ; for the 
Spaniards, (Efficiently employed in Europe, giving him 
no difturbance, he regulated the interior police of his 
kingdom with great prudence, carried on his naval ope¬ 
rations with vigour, and extended his conquefts on the con¬ 
tinent of Africa. He put Isis dominions under the protec¬ 
tion of the grand (ignior, S'ojyman the Magnificent ; and 
obtained the command of the Turkifh fleet. With fo pow¬ 
erful a protestor, he acquired the kingdom of Tunis in a 
manner fimilarto that by which his brother gained Algiers. 
Since the time of the Barbaroffas, Algiers has been under- 
Hood to be dependent on the Porte ; but this dependence is 
little more than merely nominal. See Algiers. 
BAR'B ARGUS, adj. [ barbare , Fr. fee. p£osg®- 3 Gr. ] 
Stranger to civility ; favage; uncivilized: 
Thou art a Roman ; be not barbarous. • Sha.kfpeare. 
Ignorant ; unacquainted with arts.—They who reftored 
painting in Germany, not having thofe reliques o'f anti¬ 
quity, retained that barbarous manner. Dryden. —Cruel ; 
inhuman.-—By their barbarous ufage, he died within a few 
days, to the grief of all that knew him. Clarendon. 
BAR'BAROUSLY, adv. Ignorantly ; without know¬ 
ledge or arts. In a manner contrary to the rules of fpeech. 
Cruelly; inhumanly. 
BAR'BAROUSNESS,y. Incivility of manners.—Ex¬ 
cellencies of miilic and poetry are grown to be little more, 
but the one fiddling, and the other rhiming ; and are in¬ 
deed very worthy of the ignorance of the friar, and the 
barbaroufnefs of the Goths. Tanple. —Impurity of language. 
Cruelty. 
B AR'B ARUS (Francis), a noble Venetian, and a man 
of great fame in the 15th century, uot only for learning, 
but like wife for a (kilful addrefs in the management of 
public affairs. He is author of a book De Re Uxoria, and 
fome excellent fpeeches. 
Barbarus (Hermolaus), grandfon of the preceding, 
one of the mod learned men in the 15th century. Tiie 
public employments lie was entrufted with early, did not 
prevent him from cultivating polite learning with great 
application. As he was very (kilful in the Greek, he un¬ 
dertook the moll difficult tranfiations, and began with a 
famous paraphrafe upon Ariftotle. He then attempted 
Diofcorides, vvhofe text he corrected, and added a com¬ 
mentary. But of all his works, none gained him fo much 
reputation as that which he made upon Piiny; he correct¬ 
ed in him above 5000 palfages, and occasionally reftored 
300 in Pomponius Mela. Pope Innocent VIII. to whom 
i 
