756 BAR 
■cant fpaces between the ftanchions are commonly filled with 
rope-mats,- cork, or pieces of old cable; and the upper 
part, which contains a double rope-netting above the rail, 
is (luffed with full hammocks to intercept the motion, and 
prevent the execution of fmall-fhot in time of battle. 
To Barricade, v.a. [ barricader , Fr.] To (lop up a 
paffage. To hinder by (toppage.—A new volcano conti¬ 
nually difcharging that matter, which being till then bar¬ 
ricaded up and imprifoned in the bow els of the earth, was 
the occafion of very great and frequent calamities. IVood- 
ward. 
BARRICA'DO,y. \_barri:ada , Span.] A fortification; 
a bar; 'any thing fixed to hinder entrance. — The accefs 
•was by a neck of land, between the fea on one part,, and 
the harbour water, or inner fea, on the other ; ' fortified 
clean over with a ftrong rampierand barricado. Bacon. 
To Barricado, v. a. To fortify ; to bar; to (lop up. 
— He had not time to barricado the doors ; fo that the ene¬ 
my entered. Clarendon. 
Fad we found, fall (hut 
The difmal gates, and barricado'd ftrong! Milton. 
BAR'RICOURT, a town of France, in the department 
of the Ardennes, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 
tridl of Grandpre: (ix leagues fouth of Sedan, and three 
north-eaft of Grandpre. 
BAR'RIER,/. \_barriere, Fr. it is fometimes pronoun¬ 
ced with the accent on the laft fyllable, but it is placed 
more properly on the firft. ] A barricade; an entrench¬ 
ment : 
Safe in the love of heav’n, an ocean flows 
Around our realm, a barrier from our foes. Pope. 
A fortification, or ftrong place, as on the frontiers of a 
country.—The queen is guarantee of the Dutch, having 
■ poffeflion of the barrier , and the revenues thereof, before 
■ a peace. Swift. —A flop ; an obftrudlion.—If you value 
vourfelf as a man of learning, you are building a mod 
impalfable barrier againft improvement. IVatts. —A bar to 
• mark the limits of anyplace.—For jufts, and tourneys, 
and barriers, the glories of them are chiefly in the cha¬ 
riots, wherein the challengers make their entries. Bacon. 
—A boundary ; a limit: 
. How in ft in 61 varies in tire grovelling fwine. 
Compar’d, half reas’ning elephant ! with thine : 
’Twixt that and reafon what a nice barrier ! 
For ever fep’rate, yet for ever near. Pope. 
Barrier, called by the French jeu de barres, \.t.palef- 
tra\ a martial exercife of men armed and fighting toge¬ 
ther with (hort (words, within certain bars or rails which 
feparated them from the (pectators : it has been long dif- 
u(ed in this country. 
Barrier Islands, at the mouth of the river Thames, 
near the eaft coaft of New Zealand. 
BARRI'LE, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples, and province of Bafilicata, (even miles weft-Couth- 
weft of Venofa. 
BAR'RING A VEIN, in farriery. See To Bar. 
BARRINGD 1 N', a town of Africa, in the country of 
Bara. 
BAR'RINGTON (John Shute), lord vifeount, a no¬ 
bleman of conliderable learning, and author of feveral 
books on religious lubjetls, was born in 1678, and died in 
1734 - 
Barrington, a town of Nova Scotia, on the fouth 
coaft, fifteen miles fouth-weft of Shelburn. 
Barrington, a town of Rhode Ifland, in North Ame¬ 
rica, on the river Swanfey : fix miles from Briftol. 
B ARRINGTO'NIA, f. [fo named by Border from the 
Hon. Daines Barrington .] In botany, a genus of the clafs 
monadelphia, order polyandria, natural order hefperidese. 
The generic chara6ters are—Calyx : perianthium two-lea¬ 
ved, fuperior ; leaflets roundifh, concave, coriaceous, per¬ 
manent. Corolla: petals four, equal, ovate, fpreading, 
coriaceous, larger than the calyx ; nedtary conic, tubular. 
BAR 
coating the bafe at the (lyle, toothed at the tip ; teeth fe¬ 
veral, unequal. Stamina: filaments very many, monadel- 
phous, (or conjoined from the very bale into a cylinder 
feated on the receptacle,) capillary, longer than the corol¬ 
la ; antherae /mall, roundifh. Piftillum : germ inferior, 
turbinate ; ftyle filiform, length oi tlie ftamens ; ftigma 
firnple. Pericarpium: drupe large, ovate, conic-quadran¬ 
gular, crowned by the calyx. Seed: nut long, ovate, out¬ 
wardly wrinkled-fibrofe, four-celled; kernels ovate, 
wrinkled .—EJfcntial Character. Calyx (imple, two-leaved, 
fuperior, permanent ; fruit a dry four-cornered drupe, in- 
doling a nut, one to four celled. 
There is only one fpecies, commonly called barringtonia 
fpeciofa, or laurel-leaved barringtonia. It is a lofty tree, 
and the handlomeft in the whole equinodtial Flora, with 
its thick fliady bunches of leaves, and its large haridfome 
purple and white flowers every where mixed with them. 
T he trunk is lofty, thick, ftraight: covered with a dark, 
grey fmooth bark, fcored with little chinks. The branch¬ 
es are round, expand very widely, are fubflexuofe, va- 
rioufly divided, covered with.a clvinky bark, and leafy at 
the ends. The leaves are crowded, the upper ones in a 
kind of whorl, feflile, wedge-form, obtufe, quite entire, 
expanding, from a foot to fifteen inches in length, thick, 
coriaceous, very fmooth, fhining, dark green, with yellow 
veins, the rachis yellow, thick, marked w ith a red-bafe. 
The flowers are borne on a folitary erebt thyrfe, a foot in 
length, at the ends of the branches; Peduncle round, 
fubangular, very fmooth, fubflexuofe, a foot long: Pe¬ 
dicels five to twenty, one-flowered, fcattered, round very 
fmooth, expanding, three or four inches long, and the 
thicknefsof a goofe-quill. Brades roundifh, very fmooth, 
quite entire, feflile, deciduous, folitary at the bale of the 
pedicels. Flowers very large, very white, and tranfpa- 
rent. Filaments white, with a purple top, and diapha¬ 
nous at the bafe. Antherae gold-colour. Style white, 
with a purple top. Drupe reddifli brown. The flowers 
open during the night, and fall at fun-rife ; the birds alfo 
pluck them off, and the ground about thefe trees is per¬ 
fectly covered with them. The feed, mixed with the bait, 
inebriates fifti in the fame manner with cocculus indicus, 
&c. It grows within the tropics, efpecially on the (bores 
of -the ocean, and at the months of rivers, in the Eaft In¬ 
dies, from the fouthern coafts of China through the Mo¬ 
lucca iftes to Otaheite and the other Society ides, the 
Friendly ides, &c. It is cultivated in the governor’s gar¬ 
den at the ifland of St. Helena. 
B AR'RISTER, f. [barrajlerius, "Tat.] A counfellor 
learned in the law, admitted to plead at the bar, anti there 
to take upon him the protection and defence of clients. 
They are termed jurijconfulti ■, and in other countries call¬ 
ed licentiati in jure; and anciently barrifters at law were 
called apprentices of the law, (from the French apprendre , 
to learn,) in Latin, apprenticiijuris nobiliores. ' Fortefcue. 
The time before they ought to be called to the bar, by the 
ancient orders, was eight years, now reduced to five; and 
the exercifes done by them, (if they were not called ex 
gratia,) were twelve grand moots performed in the inns 
of Chancery, in the time of the grand readings, and twen¬ 
ty-four petty moots in the term times, before the readers 
of the refpebtive inns: and a barrifter newly called was to 
attend the fix (or four) next long vacations the exercife of 
the houfe, viz. in Lent and fummer, and was thereupon 
for tliofe three (or two) years (filed a vacation barrijler. 
Alfo they are called litter barrijlers, i.e. pleaders oujier the 
bar, to diftinguifh them from benchers, or thofe that have 
been readers, who are fometimes admitted to plead within 
the bar, as the king, queen, or prince’s, counfel are. 
From the degrees of barrifters and ferjeants at law, fome 
are ufually felebled to be his maj.efty’s counfel ; the two 
principal of whom are called his attorney and folicitor ge¬ 
neral. The firft king’s counfel under the degree of fer- 
jeant, was Sir Francis Bacon, who was made fo honoris 
caijd, without either patent or fee; fo .that the firft of 
the modern order, who are now the fworn fervants of the 
crown 
