B AR 
Bart .faid to him, “ You rafcal, do you take me for a por¬ 
ter ? pay me in gold.” The affrighted banker was oblig¬ 
ed to comply, and Du Bart marched off in triumph. He 
died in 1702, aged fifty-one. ' 
BARTHE de NBSTES (La), a town of France, and 
principal place of a diftricl, in the department of Higher 
Pyrenees: fix leagues fouth-eaft of Tarbes. Lat. 43.4. N. 
Ion. 18. 3. E. Ferro.. 
BARTHEI.EMY', (Jean Jacques), the celebrated au¬ 
thor of the elegant and learned Travels of the Young 
A nacharfis, was born 20th Jan. 1716, at Caffis, a (mall Tea¬ 
pot t of the Mediterranean, where his mother was vifiting 
her relations. His father refuted at Aubagne, and lent 
him at twelve years of age to the college de I’Oratoire at 
Marfeilles, whence he was transferred to the feminary 
of the Jefuits; where lie received the tonfure. He ap¬ 
plied with unwholefome fedulity to the ftudy of Greek, 
Hebrew, Chaldean, and Syriac ; and of a young Maro- 
nite who came to Marfeilles from the Levant he took lef- 
fons in Arabic, and delivered a lermon in that language 
before an oriental audience. At the beginning of thefe 
purfuits, when he was about twenty-one years of age, fome 
merchants of Marfeilles came to him with a kind of beg¬ 
gar who had made his appearance on ‘change, who gave 
himfelf out fora Jewifh rabbi, learned but diftreffed, and 
who boldly defired to have his pretenfions inveffigated by 
fome oriental fcholar. The abbe Barthelemy endeavour¬ 
ed to evade the talk, by reprefenting that his mode of 
ftudy could at mod enable him to read, but not at all to 
converfe in, the dialects of the eaft : but there was no re¬ 
filling. The Jew began to repeat the firft pfalm in He¬ 
brew. The abbe recognifed it, flopped him at the end 
of the firft verfe, and addrefled him with one of the col¬ 
loquial phrafes from his Arabic grammar. The Jew then 
repeated the fecond verfe, and the abbe another phrafe, 
and fo on to the end of the pfalm, which comprifed the 
whole fcriptural knowledge of the rabbi. The abbe clofed 
the conference with another fentence in Arabic, and good- 
naturedly faid that he faw no reafon to intercept the in¬ 
tended charity of the merchants. The Jew, delighted 
beyond expectation, declared that he had travelled over 
Turkey and Egypt, but had no where met with the equal 
of this young theologian ; who acquired prodigious ho¬ 
nour by the ridiculous adventure. In vain he endeavour¬ 
ed to tell the ftory fairly: every one chofe the marvellous 
colouring : he was extolled as a prodigy : the rabbi had 
procured him a reputation at Marfeilles. 
In 1744 he went to Paris, carrying a letter of recom¬ 
mendation to M. de Boze, keeper of the royal medals ; 
a learned man, whofe age and infirmity predifpofed him 
to retire from labour, and who had thoughts of taking M. 
de la Baftie as his affociate. The latter refpeclable anti¬ 
quary having died fuddenly, Barthelemy was chofen in 
his (lead. In 1747 he was elected of the academy of in- 
fcriptions, and in 1753 fucceeded to his patron M. de 
Boze. Jn 1754 M, de Stainville, afterwards duke de 
Choifeul, was appointed ambalfador to Rome, and in¬ 
vited Barthelemy to follow him : in confequence of which 
the abbd went, accompanied by M. de Cotte, into Italy ; 
where his reception was fuch as his fplendid reputation 
had prepared, and whence he returned with Madame de 
Stainville. This excellent couple are defcribed in the 
A nacharfis under the names of Arfames and Phedima. It 
was iri 1758 that he obtained, through the influence of 
thefe friends, an important accelfion to his income, which 
they gradually increaled to about 33,000 livres. His opu¬ 
lent leifure was not unproductive : he had in 1788 com¬ 
pleted and publiflied the travels of Anacharfts, and in the 
following year was admitted into the Academy of Forty. 
FI is attention to official duties was never interrupted du¬ 
ring this period, his affiduity having doubled the number 
of medals in the royal collection: four hundred thoufand 
pieces pa(Ted through his hands, of which he feleCted for 
purchafe about twenty thoufand. 
In the year 1792 his health began alarmingly to decline, 
BAR 763 
and he grew fubjeft to fainting fits: he was now feventy- 
eight years of age. On the 30th of Auguft 1793, under 
the tyranny of Robefpierre, he was denounced by one 
Chretien, under pretext of aril-toe racy, and was led to pri- 
fon on the fecond of the following September, where Ma¬ 
dame de Choifeul went to vilit him. The committee of 
public fafety were foon informed of the levity of this de¬ 
nunciation, and he was releafed at eleven the fame even¬ 
ing. In tire enfuing month of OCtober, the honorary of¬ 
fice of librarian in chief having become vacant, it was of¬ 
fered to him in the mod flattering manner, but refufed on 
account of his growing infirmities. On the 6th Floreul 
(25th of April) 1795, he died at three in the afternoon, 
without ftruggle or apparent pain : at one o’clock he was 
reading Horace, in company with his nephew. 4 He leaves 
(fays his biographer) each of his relations a father to be¬ 
wail, his friends an irreparable lofs to regret, the learned 
of all countries an example to follow, and the men of all 
times a model to imitate.’ Flis bull had been happily taken 
by Houdon. 
BAR'THIUS (Gafpar), a learned and copious writer, 
born at Cuftrin in Brandenburgh, the 22d of June 1376. 
At twelve years of age he tranllated David’s Pfalms into 
Latin verfe of every meafure, and publiflied feveral Latin 
poems. Upon the death of his father (who was profelfor 
of civil law at Francfort, counfellor to the eleCtor of Bran¬ 
denburgh, and his chancellor at Cuftrin), he was fent to 
Gotha, then to Eifenach, and afterwards palled through 
all the univerfities in Germany. When he had finilhed 
his ftudies, he began his travels; he vifited Italy, France, 
Spain, England, and Holland, improving himfelf by the 
converfation and works of the learned in every country. 
Upon his return to Germany, he took up his relidence at 
Leipfic, where he publiflied a number of books ; the prin¬ 
cipal of which are, 1. His AdverJ'aria, a large volume in 
folio; the fecond and third volumes of which he left in 
manufcript. 2. A Tranflation of iEneas Gazaeus. 3. A 
large volume of Notes upon Claudian, in 4to. 4. Three 
volumes upon Statius, &c. He died at Leipfic, in 1658, 
aged feventv-one. 
BARTHOLI'NUS (Cafpard), a learned pliyfician and 
anatomift, born at Malmoe, in the province of Schonen, 
which then belonged to Denmark. At three years of age 
lie had fuch a capacity, that in fourteen days he learned 
to read ; and in his thirteenth year he compofed Greek 
and Latin orations, and pronounced them in public 
When he was about eighteen lie went to the univerfity of 
Copenhagen, and afterwards ftudied at Roftock and Wir- 
temberg. He next fet out upon his travels ; during which 
he negledled no opportunity of improving himfelf at the 
different univerlities to which lie came, and every where 
received marks of refpeft. In 1613 he was chofen pro- 
feffor of phyfic in that univerfity, which he enjoyed eleven 
years; when, falling under a fevere illnefs, he made a 
vow, that, if it (liould pleafe God to reftore him, he would 
folely apply himfelf to the ftudy of divinity. He recover¬ 
ed, and kept his word ; and foon after obtained the pro- 
felfoi ftiip of divinity, and the canonry of Rofchild. He 
died the 13th of July 1629, having written feveral works 
on metaphylics, logic, and rhetoric. 
Bartholinus (Thomas), a celebrated pliyfician, fon 
of the former, was born at Copenhagen in 1616. After 
ftudying fome years in his own country, he went to Ley¬ 
den, Paris, and Montpelier, improving himfelf under the 
phyficians of thofe univerfities. Afterwards going to Italy, 
lie continued three years at Padua ; and at length went to 
Bafil, where he obtained the degree of do£lor of philofo- 
phy. Soon after, he returned to Copenhagen ; where in 
1647 he was appointed profeflorof the mathematics; and 
next year was nominated to the anatomical chair, an etn-* 
ployment better fuited to his genius and inclination; which 
lie difcharged with great affiduity for thirteen years, and 
diftinguifhed himfelf by feveral difcoveries with refpedl to 
the ladleal veins and lymphatic vefl’els. His clofe appli¬ 
cation, however, lmving rendered his conftitutiou.infirm, 
