near relation; they keep themfelves however diftinCt in 
our gardens. 
4. Bafella nigra, or black Malabar nightfliade: leaves 
round-ovate, fpikes lateral. Stem perennial; flowers pur¬ 
ple and white, few, in Ample long folitary fpikes. This is 
a native both of China and Cochin, in the Itedges and 
fences of their gardens. 
Propagation and Culture* Thefe plants are propagated 
by feeds, which lliould be fown on a hot-bed in the (pring ; 
and, when the plants are fit to remove, they lliould be each 
planted into a feparate pot filled with rich earth and plun¬ 
ged into the tan-bed, where they mull be treated in the 
fame manner as other tender exotics. They may alfo be 
propagated by cuttings, which Ihould be laid to dry a day 
or two after they are taken from the plants, before they 
are planted, that the wound may heal, otherwife they 
will rot. Thefe cuttings mult be planted into pots filled 
with light frelh earth, and plunged into a moderate hot¬ 
bed of tanners’ bark, where they will take root in a fort¬ 
night or three weeks time, when they Ihould be treated in 
the fame manner as the feedling plants. But, as thefe rife 
fo eafily from feeds, it is feldom they are propagated any 
other way, becaufe they ar« plants of fiiort duration. 
Thefe flower from June to autumn, and the feeds ripen in 
September and December. They will climb to a conli- 
derable height, and fend forth a great number of branch¬ 
es, fo that they Ihould have a place near the back of the 
ftove, where they may be trained up to a .trellife, or fatten¬ 
ed to the back of the Hove, otherwife they will twill them- 
f'elves about whatever plants (land near them, and be very 
injurious to the other plants; whereas, when they are re¬ 
gularly trained to a trellife, they will have a good effect in 
adding to the variety.. 
B A'SELY, adv. In a bafe manner; meanly; dilhonour- 
ably: 
The king is not himfelf, but bafely led 
By flatterers. Shakefpeare. 
BA'SEMENT, f. in architecture, a continued bafe, ex¬ 
tended a conliderable length, as about a houfe, a room, or 
other piece of building. 
BA'SENESS,/! Meannefs; vilenefs; badnefs.—When 
a man’s folly mull be fpread open before the angels, and 
all his bajenefs ript up before thofe pure fpirits, this will 
be a double hell. South. —Vilenefs of metal.—We alleged 
the fraudulent obtaining his patent, and the bajenefs of his 
metal. Swift. —Illegitimacy of birth : 
Why brand they 11s 
With bafe ? with bajenefs ? baftardy? Shakefpeare. 
Deepnefs of found.—The juft and meafured proportion of 
the air percuffed toward the bajenefs or treblenelsof tones, 
is one of the greatell fecrets in the contemplation of founds. 
Bacon. 
To B ASH, v. n. [probably from bafe.] To be alliamed; 
to be confounded with lhame : 
His countenance was bold, and bafhed not 
For Guyon’s looks, but fcorful eye-glance at him Ihot. 
Spenfer. 
B'ASHA'R! ANS, a fed of Mahometans, being a branch 
or fubdivilion of the Motazalites. The Bafliarians are 
thole who maintain the tenets of Balhar Ebn Motamer, a 
principal man among tire Motazalites, who varied, in fome 
points, from the general tenets of the fed, as carrying 
man’s free agency to a great length, and even to the ma¬ 
king him independent. 
BASHAW', Pascha, or Pacha, a Turkifh governor 
of a province, city, or other diltriCt. All Egypt is, on the 
part of the grand feignior, governed by a balhaw, who has 
in reality but little power; but feems to have been ap¬ 
pointed for the pnrpofe of communicating to his divan of 
beys, and to the divans of the feveral military ogiacs, the 
orders and commands of the . grand feignior, and to fee 
that they be executed by the proper officers, if he farms 
the country of the grand fe>gnior, the fines that are paid, 
B A S 
when any life drops upon the lands, belong to him ; for 
the lands of Egypt belonged to the grand feignior; and 
the Porte Hill looks on them as its own: but, the grand 
f'eignior’s power being now loft, they all go to the next 
heir; who muft, however, be inverted by the balhaw, and 
is glad to compound for a final] fum. The nature of the 
balliavv’s office requires him to be ever attempting means 
to cut off Inch as are too afpiring, or engaged in deligns 
that may be any way prejudicial to the Porte. This often 
occalions his own depofnion ; but he is unconcerned about 
that, as his perfon is always lacred ; and the loling his port 
is only a ftep to higher preferment. Baffiavvs include beg- 
lerbegs, and fometitnes fangiachegs ; though a diftinCtion 
is often made, and the name balhaw is appropriated to tire 
middle fort, or fucli as have two enfigns or horfe-tails car¬ 
ried before them. Thofe who have the honour of three 
tails are called beglerbegs-, and thofe who have only one, 
fangiachegs. A balhaw is made with the folemnity of car¬ 
rying a flag or banner before him, accompanied with mu. 
lie and fongs, by the mirialem, an officer on pnrpofe for 
the inveftiture of bafhaws. Balhaw, ufed abfolutely, de¬ 
notes the prime vizier; the reft of the denomination be¬ 
ing dirtinguilhed by the addition of the province, city, or 
the like, which they have the command of; as the balhaw 
of Egypt, of Paleftine, &c. The bafhaws are the empe¬ 
ror’s fponges. We find loud complaints among Chriftians 
of their avarice and extortion. As they buy their govern¬ 
ments, every thing is venal with them. ■ When glutted 
with wealth, the emperor frequently makes them a pre- 
fent of a bow-ftring, and becomes heir to all their fpoils. 
The appellation balhaw is given by way of courtefy to al- 
moll every one of any figure at the grand feignior’s court. 
BASHE'E ISLANDS, five iflands in the Chinefe Sea; 
three of them are large, and four of them inhabited; they 
are laid to be fo called by Dampier, from the name of a 
liquor ufed by the inhabitants made of the juice of the 
fugar-cane, and a fmall black grain : this name was given 
to the molt eafterly ifland, and became general to them all: 
the productions are plantains, bananas, pine-apples, fugar- 
canes, potatoes, yams, and cotton ; their quadrupeds are 
goats and hogs. The names of the iflands are Orange, 
Grafton, Monmouth, Ifle of Goats, and Bafliee or Bachi: 
they are fituated to the fouth of Formofa. 
Bashf.e, or Bachi, an illand in the Chinefe Sea, the 
molt eafterly of five, called from this the Bafkee Iflands ; 
the form appears circular, about two leagues in diameter. 
It has a town of the fame name. Lat.21.45-N. lon.121. 
30. E. Greenwich. 
BASH'FUL, adj. [This word, with all thofe of the 
fame race are of uncertain etymology. Skinner imagines 
them derived from bafe, or mean ; Minfhew, from verbae- 
fen, Dut. to (trike with aftonilhment; Junius, from / 3 «<ri?, 
Gr. which he finds in Hefychitis to fignify < lhame. 5 The 
conjecture of Minfhew feems molt probable.] Modeltj, 
ffiamefaced: 
1 never tempted her with word too large; 
But, as a brother to his filter, Ihew’d. 
Bafhful (incerity, and comely love. Shakefpeare. 
Sheepilh ; vicioufly modeft. — He looked with an almoft 
bafhful kind of modelly, as if lie feared the eyes of man. 
Sidney. 
Hence, bafhful cunning! 
And prompt me, plain and holy innocence. Shakefpeare. 
B ASH'FULLY, adv. Timoroufly ; modeftly. 
BASH'FULNESS,/! Modelty, as {hewn in outward ap¬ 
pearance.—Philoclea a little nnifed how to cut the thread 
even, with eyes, cheek's, and lips, whereof each fang their 
part, to make up the harmony of bafhfulnefs. Sidney. 
Such looks, fuch bafhfulnefs, might well adorn, 
The cheeks of youths that are more nobly born. Dryden. 
Vicious or ruftic fhame.—There are others who have not 
altogether fo much of this foolifh bafhfulnefs, and who afk 
every one’s opinion. Dryden. 
Bashfulness' 
