77.8 BAS 
Any hollow place capacious of liquids. A dock for re¬ 
pairing and building drips. In anatomy, a round cavity 
Iituated between the anterior ventricles of the brain. A 
concave piece of metal, by which glals-grinders form their 
convex glalfes. A round Ibell or cafe of iron placed over 
a furnace, in which hatters mould the matter of a hat in¬ 
to form. 
Bafins of a balance , are the fame with the fcalcs ; one to 
hold the weight, the other the thing to be w eighed. 
BA'SING, [of bafing , Sax. a coat of. mail.] A village 
and caftle of Hamplhire, famous for its obftinate refidance 
to the parliament army, in the civil wars of Charles 1 . 
This famous houfe or fortrefs belonged to the then mar¬ 
quis of Wincheder, a nee dor of the duke of Bolton. This 
houfe, .garrifoned by a refolute band of old foldiers, un¬ 
der the command of the marquis, was a great curb to the 
parliament-party throughout that .whole war ; till, after a 
vigorous defence, it was taken, and the brave marquis in 
it, by Cromwell, who, in revenge for the obdinate refin¬ 
ance it made, put almod all the garrifon to the (word, and 
burnt down the noble fabric to the groutd, which, he faid, 
was fitter for the reddence of an emperor than a fubjedl; 
and the drength of the building was fuch as to red ft the 
battery of cannon in feveral attacks. It is incredible what 
booty the garrifon of this place picked up, lying, as they 
did, jud on the great vs edern road, where they intercepted 
the carriers, plundered the waggons, and fuffered nothing 
to pafs, to the great interruption of the trade of the city 
of London. Baling is but a fmall didance from Bafmgftoke. 
BA'SINGE (John), more commonly known by the 
name of Balingftochius, or de Badngdoke, was born at Ba¬ 
li ngdoke in Hamplhire, and from thence took his furnaine. 
He was a perfon highly eminent for virtue and learning. 
He was a perfect maker of the Latin and Greek languages, 
and alfo an eminent orator, a complete mathematician, a 
fubtil philofopher, and a found divine. The foundation 
of Iris great learning was laid in the univerfity of Oxford, 
and, for his farther improvement, he went to.Paris, where 
he redded fome years. From thence he travelled to Athens, 
that early feat of tire riuifes, and the mother of all polite 
literature, where he made many curious obfervations, and 
perfected himfelf in his dudies, particularly in the know¬ 
ledge of the Greek tongue. At his return to England, 
he brought over with him feveral curious Greek manu- 
feripts, and introduced the life of the Greek numeral fi¬ 
gures into this kingdom. He became alfo a very great 
promoter and encourager of the dudy of that language, 
which was much neglected in thele vvedern parts of the 
world : and, to facilitate it, he tranllated from Greek into 
Latin a grammar, which he entitled The Donatus of the 
Greeks. He died in 1252. 
B ASINGSTO'KE, a market-town in Hamplhire, plea- 
fantly iituated in a fine, open, and fruitful, country. It is 
a great thoroughfare from London to the wed of England. 
It is a town-corporate, confiding of a high-deward, mayor, 
recorder, feven aldermen, feven burgedes, and two fer- 
jeants at mace. The town is very ancient, and on the 
downs near it a bloody battle was fought in 871, between 
the Saxons and the Danes. The remains of Holy Ghod 
chapel dand on a confiderable eminence, which overlooks 
town, and appears to have been formerly a fine edifice. It 
was ereCted in the reign of Henry VIII. and is faid to have 
been curioufiy ornamented, and that the hidory of the 
prophets and Chrid’s apofiles was reprefented on the roof; 
but it has been fuffered to fall to ruin. There is a build¬ 
ing, to the wedward of the remains of the chapel, which 
has of late years been ufed for a fchool. It is endowed 
with a good efiate, given by Henry VIII. for the fupport 
of a pried to infiruEt the youth of Badngdoke, and to per¬ 
form divine fervice. Bafingdoke has a manufacture of 
druggets and (balloons, which employs a great number of 
poor. It has a large corn-market every Wednefday. Alfo 
four fairs in the year, viz. on Eafier-Tuefday, for fheep; 
Whit-Wednefday and Michaelmas-day, for cattle, See. 
and on the 23d of September, for Iheep. On the 10th of 
BAS 
October, it has a datute for fervants. It has a navigable 
canal to the river Wey, which opens a communication by 
water from thence to London, and has already proved of 
confiderable advantage to the town and neighbourhood, as 
well as to the country through which it pa lies. Bafing- 
(toke is didant from Wincheder eighteen miles, Andover 
eighteen, Reading dxteen, Newbury fixteen, Airesford 
twelve, Alton ten, Odiham feve’n, Overton eight, and 
forty-five from London. 
In the neighbourhood of Bafingdoke is Kempfhot, the 
feat of his royal highnefs the prince of Wales, who fpends 
much of his time there, in fliooting and hunting. At the 
didance of one mile is Hackwood, late the feat of his grace 
the duke of Bolton, lord-lieutenant of the county of Hants, 
a mod elegant, rural, and romantic, (ituation ; celebrated 
in a well-written poem, entitled, ‘Hackwood Park.’ The 
park is about eight miles in circumference; and before 
each front a fine flieet of water agreeably drikes the be-' 
holder. The park is well wooded and watered, and the 
connoideur has frequent opportunities of gratifying his tade 
in th‘is..delightfui fpot, there being many very fine datues, 
urns, obelilks, &c. agreeably difperfed; among which a 
fine equedrian ftatue of George I. particularly claims at¬ 
tention. The houfe is a datelyand magnificent building; 
the apartments are capacious, and the difpofition of them 
difplays the abilities of the architect. The furniture is 
elegant, and the pictures, which are very numerous, are 
the performances of fome of the bed Flemilh and Italian 
matters. The adjacent country, though furrounded with 
woods, is rich in padure. Many thouland acres of the ad¬ 
joining downs have been lately inclofed, and now produce 
abundant crops of all kinds of grain. 
BASIOGLOS'SUS,/ [from thebafe, and yXac- 
cn, the tongue.] A mufcle aridng from the bale of the os 
hyoides. See Anatomy. 
' BASIOPHARYN'G^US,/ [from the founda¬ 
tion, and tpugwy the fauces.] A mufcle, fo called from 
its pofition. 
BA'SIS, f. [from (Saiva, Gr. to proceed from, or ra¬ 
ther from D'D 3 Chal.] The foundation or fupport of any 
thing, as of a building.—It mud follow, that Paradife, 
being raifed to this height, mud have the compafs of the 
whole earth fora bafs and foundation. Raleigh .—The low¬ 
ed of the three principal parts of a column, which are the 
bafs,Jhaft , and capital. That on which any thing is rai- 
fed. The ground-work or fird principle of any thing: 
The friendfiiips of the world are oft 
Confederacies in vice, or leagues of pleafure; 
Ours has fevered virtue for its bafis. Addifon. 
Basis, or Base, in geometry. See Base. 
Basis, or Base, in chemidry, any body dido-lved by 
another body, which it receives and fixes, and with which 
it forms a compound, is called the bafis ot that compound. 
Chemical philofophers have long been in the habit of con- 
ddering the acids as bodies polfefling an activity peculiar 
to themfelves; and have, in general,, overlooked the cir- 
cumdance, that an equal activity, or power of attraction,, 
mud exid in thofe fubdances with which they combine, 
and are by that means deprived of their didinftive pro¬ 
perties. The fubdances with which acids enter into com¬ 
bination, and are laid to be neutralized, are for the mod 
part lefs volatile than the acids themfelves; and accord¬ 
ingly communicate a degree of fixity to thofe acids. From 
both thefe reafons,’writers have been led todidinguifli the 
fubdance which is united with any acid, by the name of 
the bafis of the compound, or neutral fait. As a confi¬ 
derable advantage, with regard to chemical language, is 
obtained from the life of this term, which is not altoge¬ 
ther improper, it is dill much ufed by chemical authors. 
Thus, we fay, falts with earthy bafes, falts with alkaline 
bafes, or falts with metallic bafes, accordingly as the cafe 
may be; by which it is to be underdood, that thefe fub¬ 
dances are united with an acid. And fo, likewife, the ex. 
prellions, vitriolic fait with bafis of clay, nitrous fait with 
3 bafis 
