BAT 
he was, in the time of the ufurpation of Cromwell, ap¬ 
pointed phyfician to the date. Upon the reftoration, he 
quitted his profeilion of phytic; was elected a fellow of 
the Royal Society, and prefident of his college ; and, ha¬ 
ving entered into holy orders, he was made chaplain to 
the king, and afterwards dean of Wells. Soon after, he 
ferved the office of vice-chancellor of Oxford, and was 
nominated by king William and queen Mary to the fee of 
Briilol ; which he refilled to accept. He wrote feveral 
poems, both in Englilli and Latin; and died June 14, 1704, 
in the eighty-fourth year of his age. 
Bathurst (Allen), earl of Bathurft, born in 1684, 
was one of the lad worthies of queen Anne’s reign, that 
dulling period of triumph, tafte, genius, and elegance. 
His (Indies and his education were equally conducive to the 
brilliant figure he was deltined to make as a polite fcholar, 
a patriot, and a ftatefman. Thefe talents he had an op¬ 
portunity to difplay as early as the year 1705; when, at 
the requell of his father Sir Benjamin Bathurft, and the 
folicitation of the conftituents of Cirencelter, he ferved in 
parliament for that borough, his native foil, with reputa¬ 
tion and integrity. He dillinguilhed himfelf particularly 
in the druggies and debates relative to the union between 
the two kingdoms, firmly fupporting this meafure, calcu¬ 
lated to drengthen the vigour of government by uniting 
its force. In confideration of his zeal and fervices, queen 
Anne advanced him, in 1711, to the dignity of a peer, by 
the title of baron Bathurd of Battlefden in Bedford (hire. 
His lordlhip, in the houfe of peers, fpoke his fentiments 
with an undaunted freedom ; and became a formidable op¬ 
ponent to the court-meafures in the reign of George I. 
and during Sir Robert Walpole’s adminidration. The a- 
crimony of the profecution carried on againd the earl of 
Oxford, lord Bolingbroke, and the duke of Ormond, fti- 
mulated his indignation and his eloquence againd Inch vin¬ 
dictive proceedings ; and he obferved, “that the king of 
a faction was but the fovereign of half his fubjeCls.” His 
lordlhip was entirely averfe to continental connections; and 
animadverted feverely upon the monarch whofe thoughts 
were turned to foreign concerns and alliances which could 
never be ufeful; complaining of the itnmenfe Aims lavifh- 
ed in fublidies to needy and rapacious princes. His lord- 
fhip concurred, with all his power, in the oppolition to Sir 
Robert Walpole. This minider, after obdinatedruggies, 
having been forced to refign all his employments, lord Ba¬ 
thurd was fworn of the privy council, and made captain 
of the gentlemen-penfioners, which pod he refigned in 
1744. He was appointed treafurer to the prefent king, 
then prince of Wales, in 1757, and continued in the lid 
of privy counfellors at'his aceeffion to the throne ; but, on 
account of his great age, he chofe to enjoy otium cum dig- 
nitate. 
Lord Bathurd’s integrity gained him the edeem even of 
his opponents ; and his humanity and benevolence, the af¬ 
fection of all that knew him more intimately. He added 
to his public virtues all the good breeding, politenefs, and 
elegance, of focial intercourfe. Dr. Freind, Congreve, 
Vanbrugh, Swift, Prior, Rowe, Addifon, Pope, Arbuth- 
liot, Gay, and mod men of genius in his time, cultivated 
his friendlhip, and were proud of his correfpondence. 
Pope, in his Epidle to him on the Ufe of Riches, thus ad- 
drelfes him: 
The fenfe to value riches, with the art 
T’ enjoy them, and the virtue to impart; 
To balance fortune by a jud expence, 
Join with osconomy magnificence ; 
With fplendour, charity ; with plenty, health : 
O teach us, Bathurd, yet unfpoil’d by wealth! 
That fecret rare, between th’ extremes to move, 
Of mad good-nature, and of mean felt-love. 
And Sterne, in his letters to Eliza, thus fpeaksof him: 
“ This nobleman is an old friend of mine : he was always 
the protestor of men of wit and ger.ius ; and has had thole 
of the lad century always at his table. T he manner in 
BAT 807 
which his notice began of me, was as lingular as it was 
polite. He came up to me one day as 1 was at the prin- 
cefs of Wales’s court : ‘ I want to know you,’ faid he, 
‘ Mr. Sterne ; but it is fit you fhould know alfo who it is 
that willies this pleafure : you have heard (continued he) 
of an old lord Bathurd, of whom your Popes and Swifts 
have fpoken fo much : l have lived my life with geniufes 
of that cad, but have furvived them; and, defpairing e- 
ver to find their equals, it is foine years fince 1 have clo- 
fed my accounts, and Ihut up my books, with thoughts 
of never opening them again : but you have kindled a 
defire in me of opening them once more before I die ; 
which 1 now do: fo go home and dine with me.’ This 
nobleman, I fay, is a prodigy : for at eighty-five he has 
all the wit and promptnefs of a man of thirty ; a difpoli- 
tion to be plealed, and a power to pleafe others beyond 
whatever 1 knew ! added to which, a man of learning, 
courtefy, and feeling.” 
His lordlhip, in the latter part of his life, delighted in 
rural amufements; and enjoyed, with a philofophical fa- 
tisfaCtion, the (hade of the lofty trees he had planted him¬ 
felf. Till within a month of his death he conftantly rode 
out on liorfeback two hours before dinner, and generally 
drank his bottle of claret or Madeira after dinner. He 
ufed to declare, in a jocofe manner, he never could think 
of adopting Dr. Cadogan’s method ; for Dr. Clieyne had 
a (fit red 'him, fifty years ago, that he would never live fe- 
ven years longer, unlefs he abridged himfelf of his wine. 
Purfuant to this maxim, his lordlhip having invited feveral 
of h is friends to fpend a few days with him, and being one 
evening very loth to break up, his fon objected to fitting 
itp any longer, adding that health and long life were belt 
fecured by regularity ; he therefore begged to retire. As- 
foon as he was gone, the cheerful father laid, “ Come, my 
good friends, fince the old gentleman is gone to bed, I 
think we may venture to crack another bottle.” His lord- 
fhip was advanced to the dignity of earl in 1772 ; and lived 
to fee his eldelt fon feveral years lord high chancellor of 
Great Britain, and promoted to the peerage in 1771, by 
the title of baron Apjlty. Lord Bathurft married Catharine 
daughter of Sir Peter Apfley, by whom he had two other 
fons and five daughters. His death happened, after a few 
days illnefs, at his feat near Cirencelter,' in the ninety-firlt 
year of his age, and on the iorh of September 1775. 
BATHY'CHRUS COLOUR, f. in painting, a term 
ufed by the Greeks to exprefs what the Romans call au- 
Jlerus color. It was coarfe and dull, and wanted the life 
of the florid colours. 
BATHYL'LUS and Pylades, the inventors of panto- 
mine entertainments on the ftage. Bathyllus fucceeded in 
reprefenting comedy ; Pylades in tragedy. The art con- 
lifted in expreffing the pallions by geftures, attitudes, and 
dumb (how ; not, as in modern times, in machinery, and 
the buffooneries of Harlequin. They flourilhedat Rome, 
under Augultus, about A. D. 10. Each of them had 
fcholars, who perpetuated their matter's name: for the 
followers of Bathyllus, who excelled in the comic part, 
called themfelves Bat/iylli-, and thofe of Pylades, who ex¬ 
celled in the tragic, called themfelves Pyladce. 
B ATII.'LUS,/! A mufical inftrument made of metal, in 
the form of a Half, furnilhed with metalline rings, which 
being Itruck, yield a kind of harmonical founds; ufed by 
the Armenians in their church-fervice. 
BA'TING, or A bating, prep, [from bate , or abate. 
This word, though a participle in itfelf, feems often ufed 
as a prepoiition.] Except.—If we conlider children, we 
have little reafon to think that they bring many ideas with 
them, bating , perhaps, fome faint ideas of hunger and 
thirft. Locke. 
BA'TIS,/. [| 3 ari;, the name of an herb, which bears 
fome refemblance to bramble.] In botany, a genus of the 
clafs dioeeia, order tetrandria. The generic characters 
are—I. Male. Calyx: ament pyramidal, feales one-flow¬ 
ered, four fold, imbricate. Corolla : none. Stamina : 
filaments four, ereCt, longer than the feales of the ament; 
anthers 
