B E A 
Beaver Lake, a lake of North America. Lat. 54. 30. 
N. Ion. 102. 20. W. Greenwich. 
Beaver Skins, in commerce. Of thefe, merchants 
diftinguifli three forts; the new, the dry, and the fat. The 
new beaver, which is alfo called the white beaver, or MiJ- 
covy beaver , becaufe it is commonly kept to be fent into 
Mufcovy, is that which the favages catch in their winter 
hunting. It is the belt, and the molt proper, for making 
fine furs, becaufe it has loft none of its hair by (heading. 
The dry beaver, which is fometimes called lean beaver , 
comes from the fummer hunting, which is the time when 
fhefe animals lofe part of their hair. Though this fort of 
beaver be much inferior to the former, yet it may alfo be 
employed in furs ; but it is chiefly ufed in the manufac¬ 
ture of hats. The French call it [fummer cajlor or beaver. 
The fat beaver is that which has contracted a certain grofs 
and oily humour, from the fweat which exhales from the 
bodies of the favages, who wear it for fome time. Tiro’ 
this fort be better than the dry beaver, yet it is ufed only 
in the making of hats. 
When the hair has been cut off from the beavers (kins, 
to be ufed in the manufacturing of hats, thofe (kins are 
Bill employed by feveral workmen; namely, by the trunk- 
makers, to cover trunks and boxes ; by the (hoemakers, 
to put into flippers; and by turners, to make fieves .for 
flfting grain and feeds. 
BEA'VERED, adj. Covered with a beaver; wearing 
a beaver: 
His beaver'd brow a birchen.garland bears, 
Dropping with infants blood and mothers tears. Pope. 
BEAU'FORT (Henry), bifliop of Whichever, was the 
fon of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancafter, by his third 
wife, Catharine Swinford. He ftudied for fome years at 
Oxford, but had his education chiefly at Aix-la-Chapelle, 
where he applied himfelf to the civil and common law. 
Being of royal extraction, he was advanced very young to 
the prelacy, and was eleCted bifliop of Lincoln in 1397. 
In 1399, lie was chancellor of the univerfity of Oxford, 
and dean of Wells. He was lord high chancellor of Eng¬ 
land in 1404, the fifth of his brother Henry IV. The 
next year he fucceeded William of Wickham in the fee 
of Winchcfler, and received the fpiritualities from the 
archbifliop of Canterbury, in the bifhop of London’s pa¬ 
lace. He was again lord chancellor iir 1*414, the fecond 
of his nephew Henry V. This prelate was one of the 
guardians of Henry VI. during his minority ; and, in 1424, 
the third of the young king’s reign, he was a fourth time 
lord chancellor of England.. There were perpetual jea- 
loufies and quarrels between the bifliop of Winchefterand 
Humphry duke of Gloucefler, the protestor, which ended 
in the ruin and death of the latter. About two years af¬ 
ter bifliop Beaufort received with great folemnity, at Ca¬ 
lais, a cardinal’s hat, with the title of St. Eufebius, fent 
him by pope Martin V. In September 1428, the new car¬ 
dinal returned into England, in the character of the pope’s 
legate; arid, in his way to London, he was met by the lord 
mayor, aldermen, and the principal citizens, on horfeback, 
who conducted him with great honour to his lodgings in 
•Southwark. He died June 11, 1447, and was buried in 
the cathedral of Winchefter, where an elegant monument 
is ereCted to his memory. 
Beaufort (Margaret), was the only daughter of John 
Beaufort, duke of Somerfet. She was born at Bletlhore 
in Bedfordfliire, in 1441. About the fifteenth year of her 
age (lie was married to Edmund of Haddam, earl of Rich¬ 
mond, by whom (he had a fon named Henry, afterwards 
Henry VII. Her lecond hulband was Sir Henry Stafford, 
fecond fon of Henry duke of Buckingham, by whom (lie 
had no children. He dying about the year 148r, (lie had 
for her third hu(band Thomas lord Stanley, afterwards 
earl‘of Derby, who had no iffue by her; he died in 1504. 
This pious lady employed her whole time in performing 
noble aCts of charity. She kept conftantly in her houfe 
twelve poor people, whom (he provided with lodging, 
Vol. II. No. 106. 
B E A 833 
victuals, and clothes. ' She was alfo a mother to the (In¬ 
dents in both univerfities, and a patronefs t,o all the learn¬ 
ed men of England. In 1302, (lie inflituted two perpetual 
public leChires in divinity, one at Oxford, and the other 
at Cambridge, each of which (lie endowed with 20 marks 
per ann. In 1504, (he founded a perpetual public preach¬ 
er at Cambridge, with a (alary of ic ! . a year. She aKo' 1 
founded a perpetual chantry in the church of Wimborne 
in Dorfetfliire,; She founded the college of Ch?ifl, in 1505, 
for one matter, twelve fellows, and forty-feven fcnolars; 
and in the fame year, that of St. Jolin, both in Cambridge, 
for a matter, and fifty fellows and fcholars; but this being 
but juft begun before her deceafe, was completed and fi- 
nifned by her executors. The charter of foundation bears 
date April 9, 1511 ; and the college was opened July 29, 
151 A. She died at Weftminfter. July 29, 1509, aged fix- 
ty-eight, and was buried in the fouth aide of the beau¬ 
tiful chapel built by her fon Henry VI L Her monument 
of black marble is yet extant, whereon lies her effigies, of 
gilt copper, in robes doubled with ermine, and the head 
encircled with a coronet. 
Beaufort, a town of France, in tlie department of 
the Mayne and Loire, and chief place of a canton, in the 
difii iCt of Bauge, two leagues and a half fouth-fouth-weff 
of Bauge, and four and a half eaftof Angers. This town 
gives title of duke in England to the noble family of So- 
merfet, w}io are lineally aefeended from John of Gaunt 
duke of Lancafter, whofe duchefs refided in this town. 
Beaufort, a town of France, in the department of 
the Drome, two leagues north-eaft of Creft. 
Beaufort, a fea-port town of the United States of 
America, in North Carolina, (ituated in Core Sound, thir¬ 
ty-nine miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Ne.wbern. Lat. 35.41. 
N. I011.77.0.W. Greenwich. 
Beaufort, a town of the United States of America, 
in South Carolina, and county of Carteret. It is a feat of 
juft ice, fttuated on the ifland of Port Royal, with a good 
harbour. Lat. 32. 31. N. Ion. 80. 43. W. Greenwich. 
Beaufort, or Port Royal, an ifland on the Atlan¬ 
tic Ocean, near the eaft coaft of North America, belong¬ 
ing to the date of South Carolina, near the mouth of the 
river Savanna. Lat. 32. 30. N. Ion. 80.50. W.Greenwich. 
Beaufort, a town of Savoy, thirty miles cad-north— 
eaft of Chambery. 
BEAUGENCY', or Baugency, a town of-France, 
and principal place of a diftrict, in the.departiuent of the 
Loiret, (ituated on the L°> re > over which is a bridge of 
twenty-two arches. Its chief trade is in wine and brandy, 
and it is four leagues and a half fouth-weft of Orleans, 
Lat. 47. 47.N. Ion. 19.18. E. Ferro. 
BEAUJEU', a town of France, in the department of 
the Rhone and Loire, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftridt of Villefranche, (ituated at the foot of a mountain, 
on the Ardiere, formerly the capital of the Beaujolois. 
It is four leagues north-north-weft of Villefranche, and 
feverreaft-north-eaft of Roanne. Lat.46.10. N. Ion. 22. 
16. E. Ferro. 
BEAUJOLOIS', before the revolution, a (mall but 
fertile province of Franee, ten leagues long and eight wide, 
(ituated between the Lyonnois, Burgundy, the Saone and 
Loire. 
BEAU'ISH, adj. Befitting a beau ; foppifh. 
BEAU'LEY, or Bewley, a town of Scotland, in th® 
county of Rofs, fituated on the north fide of a river of the 
fame name, at its conflux with the frith of Murray : eight 
miles weft of Invernefs, and eight fouth of Dingwall. 
BEAULIEU' (Sebaftian de Pontault de), a celebrated 
French engineer, and field-marflial under Louis XIV. He 
publithed plans of all the military expeditions of his maf- 
ter, with military lectures annexed. He died in 1674. 
Beaulieu, a town of France, in the department of the 
Correze, and chief place of a canton, in the diftribt of 
Brive, on the Dordogne, feventeen n ilss fouth of Tulle, 
and feventeen fouth-eaft of Brive. 
Beaulieu sous la Roche, a town of France, in the 
10 C department 
