i> E A 
jaent, with notes. 3. Differtation fur les Adamites dc Bo. 
heme ; a curious work. 4. llidoire Critique de Manichee 
et du Manicheifme, 2 tom. 4to. 5. Several diflertations 
in the Bibliotheque Britannique. 
BE AUSSE'T (Le), a town of France, in the depart, 
ment of the Var, and chief place of a canton, in the di(- 
trict of Toulon, feven miles north-weft of Toulon. 
BEAU'TEOUS, adj. Fair; elegant in form ; pleadng 
to the. fight; beautiful. This word is chiefly poetical: 
I can, Pet.ruchio, help thee to a wife, 
With wealth enough, and young, and beauteous. Shahf. 
BE AU'TEOUSLY, adv. In a beauteous manner ; in a 
manner plealing to the fight; beautifully.—Look upon 
pleafures not upon that fide that is next the fun, or where 
they look bcauttovjly ; that is, as they come towards you to 
be enjoyed. Taylor. 
BEAU'TEOUSNESS,/. The (late or quality of being 
beauteous; beauty: 
From lefs virtue, and lefs beauteoufnefs, 
The gentiles fram’d them gods and goddefles. Donne. 
BE AU'TIFUL, adj. [from beauty and full.] Fair; ha¬ 
ving the qualities that conditute beauty.-—The molt im¬ 
portant part of painting, is to know what is molt beautiful 
in nature, and mod proper for that art; that which is the 
moll beautiful, is the moft noble, fubicct: lo, in poetiy, 
tragedy is more beautiful than comedy, becaufe the per- 
Tons are greater whom the poet inftruTs, and confequcnt- 
)y the indruftions of more benefit to mankind. Drydtn. 
BEAU'TIFULLY, adv. In a beautiful manner. 
BEAU'TIFULNESS,/. The quality of being beauti¬ 
ful ; beauty ; excellence of form. 
To BEAU'TIFY, v.a. To adorn ; to embellifh ; to 
deck; to grace ; to add beauty to—Never was forrow 
more fweetly fet fortli; their faces feeming rather to beau¬ 
tify their forrow, than their forrow to cloud the beauty of 
their faces. Hayward. 
To Beautify, v. n. To grow beautiful ; to advance in 
beauty.— It mud be a profpeft pleating to God himfelf, 
to fee his creation for ever beautifying in his eyes, and 
drawing nearer to him by greater degrees of refemblance. 
Addifon. 
BEAU'TY, f. [bcaute, Fr.] That ademblage of graces, 
or proportion of parts, which pleafes the eye.— Beauty con- 
fids of a certain compodtion of colour and figure, caufmg 
delight in the beholder. Locke.— Of the beauty of the eye 
I (hall fay little, leaving that to poets and orators : that 
it is a very pleafant and lovely objeft to behold, if we con- 
fider the figure, colours, fplendour of it, is the lead I can 
fay. Ray.— A particular grace, feature, or ornament.— 
The ancient pieces are beautiful, becaufe they refemble 
the beauties of nature; and nature will ever be beautiful, 
which refembles thofe beauties of antiquity. Dryden. —Any 
thing more eminently excellent than the red of that to 
which it is united.—With incredible pains have 1 endea¬ 
voured to copy the feveral beauties of the ancient and mo¬ 
dern hidorians. Arbuthnot.— A beautiful perfon : 
What can thy ends, malicious beauty, be ? 
Can he, who kill’d thy brother, live for thee ? Dryden. 
If we contemplate the beauty of vidble objedls, two 
kinds are difeovered. The fird may be termed ftrinfic 
beauty, becaufe it is difeovered in a (ingle object, without 
relation to any other: the other may be termed, relative, 
being founded on the relation of objects. Intrindc beau¬ 
ty is a perception of fenfe merely; for to perceive the 
beauty of a fpreading oak, or of a flowing river, no more 
is required but flngly an aft of vidon. Relative beauty 
is accompanied with an aft of underdanding and reflection; 
for we perceive not the relative beauty of a fine indrument 
or engine until we learn its ufe and dedination. In a word, 
intrindc beauty is ultimate; and relative beauty is that of 
means relating to fome good end or purpofe. Thefe dif¬ 
ferent beauties agree in one principal circumdance, that 
B E A i 
both are equally perceived as belonging to the object; 
which will be readily admitted with refpeft to intrindc 
beauty, but is not fo obvious with refpeft to the other. 
The utility of the plough, for example, may make it an 
object of admiration or of dedre ; but why' fiiould utility 
make it beautiful? A natural.propendty of the human 
mind will explain this difficulty. By an eafy trandtionof 
■ideas, the beauty of the effedl is transferred’to- the canfe, 
and is perceived as one of the qualities of thecaufe. Thus 
a fubjedt void of intrindc beauty appears beautiful by its 
utility ; a dwelling-houfe void of all regularity is however 
beautiful in the .ytfcw of convenience ; and the want of 
fymmetry in a tree will not prevent its appearing beauti¬ 
ful, it it be known to produce good fruit. When thefe 
two beauties concur in any objedt, it appears delightful. 
Every member of the human body polled'es both in a high ■ 
degree. . 
With regard to the final caufe of beauty, one thing is 
evident, that our relifh of regularity, uniformity, propor¬ 
tion, order, and dmplicity, contributes greatly to enhance 
the beauty of the objects that furround us, and of courfe 
tends to our happinefs. We may be confirmed in this 
thought, upon reflecting, that our lade for thefe particu¬ 
lars is not accidental, but uniform and univerfal, making 
a branch of our nature. " At the fame time, regularity, 
uniformity, order, and dmplicity, contribute each of them 
to readinefs of apprebenfion, and enable us to form more 
diftindt ideas of objedts than can be done where thefe par¬ 
ticulars are wanting. In fome indances, as in animals, 
proportion is evidently connedfed with utility, and is the 
more agreeable on that account. 
Beauty, in many indances, promotes indudry; and, as 
it is frequently connected with utility, it proves an addi¬ 
tional incitement to enrich our fields and improve our ma¬ 
nufactures. Thefe, however, are but (light eftedts, com¬ 
pared with the connedtions that are formed among indivi¬ 
duals in fociety by means of beauty. The qualifications 
of the head and heart are undoubtedly the mod folid and 
mod permanent foundations of fuch connedtions: but, as 
external beauty lies more in view, and is more obvious to 
the bulk of mankind, than the qualities now mentioned, 
the fenfe of beauty has a more extenfive influencein form¬ 
ing thefe connedtions. At any rate, it concurs in an emi¬ 
nent degree with mental qualifications, in producing focial 
intercourfe, mutual good will, and confequently mutual 
aid and fupport, which are the life of fociety : it mud not 
however be overlooked, that the fenfe of beauty does not 
tend to advance the intereds of fociety, but when in a due 
mean with refpedt to drength. Love, in particular, ari- 
(ing from a fenfe of beauty, lofes, when excedive, its fo¬ 
cial character: the appetite for gratidcation, prevailing 
over affedtion for the beloved objeCt, is ungovernable, and 
tends violently to its end, regardlefs of the mifery that 
mud follow. Love, in this date, is no longer an agreeable 
padion: it becomes painful, like hunger or third; and 
produceth no happinefs but in the indant of fruition. This 
fuggeds an important ledon, that moderation in our defires 
and appetites, which dts us for doing our duty, contri¬ 
butes at the fame time the mod to happinefs; even focial 
paflions, when moderate, are more pleafant than when they 
fvvell beyond proper bounds. 
Human or Perfonal Beauty, Tnay be confidered under 
four heads, viz. Colour, Form, Expredion, and Grace ; 
the two former being, as it were, the body, the two latter 
the foiil, of beauty. 
1. Colour. Although this be the lowed of all the con¬ 
diment parts of beauty, yet it is vulgarly the mod ftri- 
king, and the mod obferved ; for which there is a very 
obvious reafon to be given ; that “every body can fee, 
and very few can judge the beauties of colour requiring 
much lefs of judgment than either of the other three. As 
to the colour of the body in general, the mod beautiful 
perhaps that ever was imagined, was that which Apelles 
exprelled in his famous Venus; and which, though the 
picture itfelf be lod, Cicero has in fome degr«c preferved 
1 to 
