864 B E L 
opens into a bay or arm of the fea, called Belfajl■ Lough, 
or Carrickfergus Bay. In 1791, it contained 3107 houfes, 
and 18,320 fouls. It is with regard to fize the fifth, and 
with relpebt to commerce the fourth, if not the third, 
town in the kingdom. There are upwards of 700 looms 
in it, employed in cotton, cambric, fail-cloth, and linen; 
thefe manufactures, with others of glafs, fugar, and earth¬ 
enware, the exports of linen and proyifions, and aconlide- 
rable trade with the Weft Indies, have rapidly increafed 
its importance. It is feventy-tix miles north of Dublin, 
and fifty eaft-fouth-eaft of Londonderry. Lat. 54. 35. N. 
Ion. 3. 50. W. Greenwich. 
BEL'FORD, a market-town in the county of Northum¬ 
berland, in the road from London to Edinburgh. It has 
two fairs annually, viz. Tuefday before Whit-Sunday, and 
Auguft 23; and the market is on Tuefday. Belford is 
fifteen miles north of Alnwick, fifteen fouth of Berwick, 
and 319 north of London. 
BELFOR'TE, a town of' Italy, in the duchy of Par¬ 
ma, nineteen miles fouth-fouth-weft of Parma. 
BEL'FOUNDER,/. [from bdl and found .] He whofe 
trade it is to found or caft bells.—Thofe that make record¬ 
ers know this, and likewife belfounders in fitting the tune 
of their bells. Bacon. 
BEL'FRY,/. [ Bejfroy, in French, is a tower; which 
was perhaps the true word, till thofe, w ho knew not its 
original, corrupted it to belfry , becaufe bells were in it.J 
The place where the bells are rung. 
A belfry w'as originally a high tower, whereon centinels 
were placed to watch the avenues of a place, and prevent 
furprife from parties of the enemies, or to give notice of 
fires by ringing a bell. In the cities of Flanders, where 
there is no belfry on purpole, the tower of the chief church 
ferves for this end. 
Bei.fry is more particularly ufed for the timber-work 
which fuftains the bells in a fteeple, or that wooden ftruc- 
ture to which the bells in church fteeples are faftened. 
BEL'G^E, a people of Britain, to the weft ; now Hamp- 
fhire, Wiltfhire, and Somerfetfhire. Camden. 
BELGARD', a town of Germany, in the circle of Up¬ 
per Saxony, and chief place of a circle to which it gives 
name, in the duchy of Pomerania, fituated on the Per- 
fante, and noted for its market for horfes. It is a very 
, ancient town, but we find no certain account of it till the 
eleventh century. It was heretofore very confiderable, 
both for number and valour of its inhabitants, but has 
been a great fufferer by wars and conflagrations. In 1506, 
it was burnt to the ground ; the houfes were foon re-built, 
but not with their former grandeur; and no fooner was 
the tower of the re-edified church up, than it was thrown 
down by lightning: the like fate happened in 1562 and 
1364. It is thirty,eight miles north-weft of New Stettin, 
and forty eart of Cammin. 
Belgard,/! \_bdle egard, Fr.] A foft glance; a kind 
regard. An old word , now wholly difufcd: 
Upon her eye-lids many graces fat, 
Under the fhadow of her even brows, 
Working belgards, and amorous retreats. Fairy Queen. 
BEL'GERN, a town of Germany, in the circle of Up¬ 
per Saxony, and margraviate of Meitren, fituated on the 
Elbe, thirty-fix miles north-weft of Drefden, and twenty- 
four north-weft of Meilfen. 
BEL'GERS, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the province 
of Caramania, feventy-eight miles weft of Cogni. 
BEL'GICA, anciently a town of the Ubii in Gallia 
Belgica, midway between the rivers Rhine and Roer: now 
called Balchuyfen, a citadel of Juliers. 
Belgica Gallia, one of Ctefar’s three divifions of 
Gaul, contained between the ocean to the north, the ri¬ 
vers Seine and Marne to the weft, the Rhine to the eaft, 
but on the fouth at different times within different limits. 
Auguftus, inftituting every where a new partition of pro¬ 
vinces, added the Sequani and Helvetii, who till then made 
a part of Celtic Gaul, to the Belgic. The gentilitious 
BEL 
name is Belgce , called by Ciefar the braveft of the Gauls, 
becaufe untainted by the importation of luxuries. The 
epithet is Belgicus. Virgil. 
BELGPNUM, a town of the Treviri, in Gallia Belgi¬ 
ca ; now called Baldcnau, in the electorate of Triers. 
BEL'GIUM, manifeftly diftinguiihed from Belgica, as 
a part from the whole, by Caefar ; who makes Belgium the 
country of the Bellovaci; Hirtius adding the Atrebates. 
But, as the Ambiani lay between the Bellovaci and Atre¬ 
bates, we muft alfo add thefe ; and thus Belgium reached 
to the fea, becaufe the Ambiani lay upon it: and thefe 
three people conftituted the proper and genuine Belgae, 
all the reft being adventitious, or foreigners; and thefe 
were the people of Beauvais, Amiens, and Artois. 
Belgium, a name given by the French to the Nether¬ 
lands fince the revolution, and formally decreed to be a 
part of France, in the month of September, 1793; and, 
witli the bifhopric of Liege, divided into nine departments, 
the capitals of which are Antwerp, Bruges, Bruffels, 
Ghent, Liege, Luxemburg, Maeftricht, Mons, and Namur. 
BELGOROD', a town of Ruflia, and capital of a pro¬ 
vince of the fame name. It is feated on the river Don- 
nets, in lat. 31. 20. N. Ion. 18. 5. E. 
Belgorod, a ftrong town of Beflarabia in European 
Turkey, feated at the mouth of the river Neifter, on the 
Black Sea, eighty miles fouth-eaft of Bender. Lat. 46. 30. 
N. Ion. 31. o. E. 
BELGRA'DE, the capital of Servia, a province of 
Turkey in Europe, and the refidence of a fangiac, fituated 
on the fide of a hill, at the .conflux of the Save and the 
Danube. This city is large, and lias been very beautiful 
and well fortified, being defended by one of the ftrougeft 
caftles in Europe. In 1436, the fultan Amurath, grandfon 
to the famous Bajazet, took the opportunity of lome civil 
diffentions in Hungary to invade that kingdom, and with 
a numerous army laid fiege to Belgrade ; but the city was 
fecured with a garrifon of near 10,000 men, who made a 
vigorous defence, and compelled the Turks to retire. In 
1321, theTultan Solyman, furnamed the Magnificent, laid 
fiege to Belgrade, which made but weak refiftance; the 
garrifon furrendering prifoners of war on the 29th of Au¬ 
guft. In the year 1688, the Imperial army, commanded 
by Maximilian Emanuel, debtor of Bavaria, laid fiege to 
Belgrade on the nth of Auguftj in which was a Turkifh 
garrifon of 12,000 men, and a bafhaw governor. The 
debtor was wounded in the cheek by an arrow ; and the 
fame day he fent a captain, with a Greek interpreter, to 
fummon the governor to furrender, who was fo enraged, 
that he imprifoned the former, and hanged the latter. 
This exafperated the debtor, fo that he renewed the attack 
with redoubled vigour, and having made feveral breaches 
was determined to ftorm the town ; and, with a refolution 
that feemed infpired more by frenzy than courage, his fol- 
diers mounted the breaches, from whence they were twice 
beaten; but, being timely fupported, they made another 
vigorous effort, when an obffinate engagement enfued, 
which at length terminated in favour of the Imperialifts, 
who entered the town, and put all they met to the fv. ord, 
without even fparing the women or children. The Im¬ 
perialifts in this fiege and ftorm loft 500 men, among w hom 
was the brave general Schaffenburg, and had about 230 
wounded. The conlequence of this conqueft was no more 
than a temporary polleffion ; for, Louis XIV. making war 
againft the emperor, the debtor was recalled out of Hun¬ 
gary, to command on the Rhine; therefore the inroad he 
had made into the Turkifh dominions, which had coft fo 
much blood and treafure, by a turn in politics effected by 
Louis, was rendered of no, utility, fince no advantages 
could be reaped from it. Prince Louis, of Baden, com¬ 
manded in Hungary during the debtor’s abfence; but his 
army W'as too fmall to oppofe the progrefs which the Otto¬ 
man troops were now every where making ; on the ift of 
Obtober, 1690, they invefted Belgrade with a determined 
refolution to retake it. The garrifon coufifted of 6000 Ger¬ 
man veterans, commanded by count d’Afpremont, well 
1 provided 
