BEL 
tacle furrounded by very fmall tubercles, which perhaps 
jriay be nectaries : feeds cordate-oblong or emarginate, 
comprelfed, furrounded by a whitifh rim, bay-afli-coloured 
in the middle, having a few whitifh hairs on them. It is 
a native of mod parts of Europe in padures ; flowers al- 
mod all the year, and flints up clofe every night and in 
wet weather. The fade of the leaves is fomewhat acrid ; 
in fome countries however it is ufed as a potherb. The 
roots have a penetrating pungency. It is ungrateful to 
cattle, and even to geefe ; it occupies therefore a large 
fliare of padure lands, to tire excluli'on of grafs and profit¬ 
able herbs. It has been much recommended as excellent 
for frefli wounds externally, and againd inflammatory dil- 
orders, &c. internally ; but it is now wholly out of ufe. 
Lady Margaret, countefs of Richmond, bore three white 
■dafies (Margudrites) on a green turf. Varieties of the 
garden daily are double white, red, white and red Ariped, 
variegated, fcarlet, and pied. Double quilled or with fif- 
tular florets. Double cock’s-comb fhaped, white, red, and 
ipeckled. Proliferous, childing or hen and chicken daify. 
2. Beilis annua, or annual daify : fl'em fomewhat leafy. 
This is a low annual plant, feldom rifing more than three 
inches high, with an upright dalk having leaves on the 
lower part, but the upper part naked, and fupporting a 
Angle flower like that of the common daify, but fmaller. 
Native of Sicily, Spain, about Montpellier, Verona, and 
Nice. Cultivated in 1759, by Mr. Miller. 
Propagation and Culture. The common wild daify being 
a troublefome weed in padure lands, and the lawns and 
grafs walks in gardens, is never cultivated. The garden 
dailies flower in April and May, when they make a pretty 
variety, being intermixed with plants of the fame growth ; 
they diould be planted in a fhady border, and a loamy foil 
without dung, in which they may be preferved without 
varying, provided the roots are tranfplanted and parted 
every autumn ; which is all the culture they require, ex¬ 
cept the keeping them clear from weeds. Thefe were for¬ 
merly planted foredgingsto borders, but they are very unfit 
for this purpofej becaufe, where they are fully expofed to 
the fun, they frequently die in large patches, whereby 
the edgings become bald in many places. Mr. Curtis, on 
the contrary, thinks that dailies appear to mod advantage 
in edgings to borders, not that they are equal to box for 
this purpofe, but becaufe they enliven the border more, 
and add much to the general gaiety of the garden. He're- 
commends the roots to be taken up the lad week in Sep¬ 
tember, or the fird in October, to be divided into fingle 
plants, and to be planted three inches afiart in a trench, 
not in holes by a dibber, fpreading out the fibres, and 
fpreading the earth clofely round them ; by which means 
they will not be fubjeft to be drawn out of the ground by 
the worms. Such edgings Ihould be replanted every au¬ 
tumn, becaufe the plants, if they grow well, fpread too 
wide. Mr. Curtis affirms, that if they remain undidurbed 
in the fame foot, they will recur to their natural date and 
become fingle, notwithdanding Mr. Miller informs us that 
he never obierved them fo to do. See Anthemis, As¬ 
ter, Athanasia, Bellium, Calendula, Chry¬ 
santhemum, Cotula, Do r on 1 c'um, Eci.ipta, Os- 
mites, Saponaria. Bellis Major, fee Chrysan¬ 
themum. Bei.lis Casrulea, fee Gi.obularia. 
BEL'LIUM,y. in botany, a genus of the clafs fynge- 
nefia, order polygamia fuperflua, natural order compofitte 
difcoideas. The generic characters are—Calyx: common 
Ample, with very many, equal, boat-lhaped, leaflets. Co¬ 
rolla : compound radiated ; in the ray female, ten or 
twelve ; in the diik hermaphrodite, very many; proper, 
of the hermaphrodite, funnel-fhaped, quadrifid, eredt; of 
the females, elliptic, emarginate, ligulate. Stamina: in 
the hermaphrodite, filaments four, fhort 7. antherae cylin- 
dric. Pidillum : in the hermaphrodite, germ turbinate ; 
dyle filiform ; fiignia bifid, oblong; in the females, germ 
turbinate ; dyle very fhort ; ftigma bifid, minute. Peri- 
carpium : none ; calyx unchanged. Seeds : turbinate ; 
crown chaffy, eight-leaved, rounded; down with eight 
BEL 
fimple awns. Receptaculum : naked, conic .—Ejfential 
CharaCler, Calyx with equal leaflets ; feeds conic, with a 
chaffy eight-leaved crown, and awned down ; receptacu- 
him naked. 1 
Species. 1. Bellium bellidioides: fcapes naked filiform. 
This has the habit of the daify, but differs effentially from 
it in having a down to the feed. Native of Italy, about 
Rome; and in the ifland of Maj'orca. 
2. Bellium minutum : dem leafy. This is one of the 
minuted of plants. Stem capillary, an inch in length ; 
the whole plant fmooth and afcending. Native of the Le¬ 
vant. Introduced in 1772, by M. Richard. 
BEL'LO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Naples, 
and province of Bafilicata : two miles S. S. E. Muro. 
BELLO'CULUS, f. [from bellus fair, and oculus the 
eye.] A precious done refembling the eye, and fuppofed 
to be ufeful in its diforders. Cadellus fays, it is quaji Beli 
oculus. 
BEL'LON,yi A didemper common in countries where 
they fmelt lead ore. It is attended with languor, intole¬ 
rable pains' and gripings in the belly, and generally cof- 
tivenefs. Beads, poultry, &c. as well as men, are fubje£t 
to this diforder : hence a certain fpace round the fmelt- 
ing-houfes is called bellon-ground, becaufe it is dangerous 
for an animal to feed upon it. 
BELLO'NA, in pagan mythology, the goddefs of war, 
is generally reckoned the fider of Mars, and fome repre- 
fent her as both his fider and wife. She is faid to have 
been the inventrefs of the needle ; and from that indru- 
ment is fuppofed to have taken her name BsXonj, fignify- 
ing a needle. This goddefs was cruel and favage, delight¬ 
ing in blooddied and daughter ; and was not only the at¬ 
tendant of Mars, but took a pleafure in fharing his dan¬ 
gers. She is commonly reprefented in an attitude expref- 
live of fury and diffraction, her hair compofed of fnakes 
clotted with gore, and her garments dained with blood | 
die is generally depicted driving the chariot of Mars, with 
a whip in her hand ; but fometimes die is drawn bolding 
a lighted torch or brand, and at others a trumpet. Bel- 
lona had a temple at Rome, near the Circus Flaminius, 
before which ftood the column of war, from whence the 
conful threw his lance when lie declared war. She was 
worlhipped at Comana, in Cappadocia ; and Camden ob- 
ferves, that in the time of the emperor Severus there was 
a temple of Bellona in our city of York. 
BELLONA'RII, prieds of Bellona, the goddefs of war. 
The bellonarii cut and mangled their bodies with knives 
and daggers in a cruel manner, to pacify the deity. In this- 
they are lingular, that they offered their own blood, not 
that of other creatures, in facrifice. In the fury and en- 
thufiafm with which they were feized on thefe occalions,. 
they ran about uttering prophecies, and foretelling blood 
and daughter, devadations of cities, revolutions of dates, 
and the like : whence Martial calls them turba entheata- 
Bellonce. 
BELLO'NIA,y. [So named by Plunder, in honour of 
the famous French phyfican Pierre Belon, who has left 
many valuable traCfs on natural hidory.] I11 botany, 
genus of the clafs pentandria, order monogynia, natuVal 
order rubiaceas. The generic characters are—Calyx: pe- 
rianthium one-leafed, fuperior, femiquinquefid, perma¬ 
nent; divifions lanceolate, acute. Corolla: monopetalous, 
wheel-fliaped ; tube very fhort; border flat, femiquinque¬ 
fid, obtufe, large. Stamina: filaments five, fubulate, 
ereft, very fhort; antherae erefd, converging* (hort. Pif- 
tillum: germ inferior; dyle fubulate, draight, longer 
than the damens ; digma acute. Pericarpium : capfule 
turbinate, wrapped up in the calyx, and beaked with its 
converging divifions, one-celled. Seeds : numerous, 
roundilh, fmall.— Ejfential Character. Corolla wheel-fliap- 
ed; capfule one-celled, inferior, many-feeded, beaked 
with the calyx. 
Species. 1. Bellonia afpera : leaves ovate, ferrate, flow¬ 
ers corymbed, terminating. This is a fhrub, ten or twelve 
feet in height, pending out many lateral branches. This 
fpecies 
