B E R 
a river of England. See Brit. 
BER'THA, [beorht, Sax. brave, famous.] The name 
of a woman. 
BERTHIER' .(Guillaume Francois),.born at IfiTouchm 
en Berri in 1704, entered himfclf among the Jefuits in 
1722. In 1745 he had the management of the Journal de 
Trevoux, w hich he conducted for feventeen years, to the 
fatisfadion of the learned and the public in general. This 
employment procured him a high reputation, by the care 
and exactitude evident in the analysis of the vvoiks that 
came before him, and by the llyle of a mafterly, impartial, 
and intrepid, critic. But this exaCt impartiality was di 1 - 
pleating to feveral writers, and efpecially to Voltaire. When 
that poet published, without his name, his panegyric on 
Louis XV. Berthier favv it in no other light than as the 
attempt of a young man w ho was hunting after antithefcs, 
■though not deflitute of ingenuity, and tlievved tome difpo- 
fition towards writing well. So humiliating a critique w'as 
fenfibly felt by Voltaire, who made no hefitation to declare 
himfelf the author of the work. His mortification was in- 
creafed when Berthier liaving given an account of a pub¬ 
lication, wherein the poet was charaderifed under the title 
of “ the worthy rival of Homer and Sophocles,” the jour- 
ijalift put coldly in a note : “ We are not acquainted with 
him.” But what railed the choler of Voltaire to its ut¬ 
most pitch, was a very jult cenlure of feveral reprehenfi- 
b!e paffages in lus li(Iky on General Hiftory. The irrita¬ 
ted poet declared openly, in 1759, againft the Jefuit, in a 
fort of diatribe, which he placed after his Ode on the Death 
of the Margravine of Bareith. The Jefuit repelled his 
(hafts with a liberal and manly fpirit, in the Journal de 
Trevoux. Upon this', the poet changed his battery. In- 
ftead of a ferious anfwer, he brought out, in 1760, a piece 
of humour, intituled, An Account of the Sicknefs, C011- 
feflion, and Death, of the Jefuit Berthier. The learned 
Jefuit did not think proper to make any reply to an adver¬ 
sary who fubfiituted jokes for argument, and continued 
the Journal de Trevoux till the dillblution of the fociety 
in France. He then quitted his'literary occupations, and 
at the clofe of 1762 the dauphin appointed him keeper of 
the royal library, and adjunct in the education of Louis 
XVI. and of monfieur. But, eighteen months afterwards, 
fome circumftances relative to the fociety obliged him to 
leave the court. He went and fettled at Offembotirg, five 
leagues from Stralbourg, and there compofed the book in¬ 
tituled, The Pfalins, tranflated into French, with Notes 
and Reflections, Paris, 1785, 8 vols. 121110. After re¬ 
maining ten years in that town, he returned to France, 
where he devoted his time to Itudy and the exercifes of 
religion. He died of a fall, at Bourges, Dec. 15, 1782, 
aged feventy-eight years and nine months. The chapter 
of the metropolitan church gave him diftinguifhed honours 
at his interment; a teftimony due to a man of fuch emi¬ 
nent piety, extenfive erudition, and excellent judgment. 
BLRT'HOLZ, a town of'Gennany, in the archduchy 
of Auflria : five miles weft-norfh-weft of Zwelt. 
BERTHONCEL'LES, a town of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Orne, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftrid of Bellefme : thirteen miles north-eafi of Bellelme. 
BER'TI (John Lawrence), a famous Augufiine monk, 
born May 28, 1696, at Serravezza, a final l village in Tuf- 
cany, was called to Rome by his luperiors, and obtained 
the title of affifiant-general of Italy, and the place of pre¬ 
fed of the Bibliotheque Angelique. His great proficiency 
in theological ftudies appears to advantage in his grand 
work, De Difciplinis Theologis, printed at Rome, in 8 
vols. 4to. After this, Berti brought out feveral others, 
the principal of which is, An Eccleliaftical Hiftory in La¬ 
tin, in 7 vols. 4to. He wrote alfo, diflertations, dialogues, 
panegyrics, academical difeourfes, and fome Italian poems. 
An edition in folio of all his works has been printed at Ve¬ 
nice. He died at the age of feventy, May 26, 1766, at 
jPifa, whither he had been called by Francis I. grand duke 
pf Tufcany. 
Vol. II. No. hi. 
B E R 92t 
BER'TIE, a county of North Carolina, in the United 
States of South America. 
BERTIER' (Jofeph Stephen), born at Aix in Provence,, 
died Nov. 15, 1783, at a pretty advanced age, is known by 
two works, which at the time made fome noife among the 
naturalills; one is intituled, Phyfique des Cometes, ij6o r 
121110; the other, Phyfique des Corps Aninies, 1755, 
12mo. The author had cultivated the feiences with luc- 
cefs; and in perfon had a ftriking relemblance with pere 
Malebranche. 
BERTIE'R A, f. [fo named by Aublet, from M. Ber- 
tier, a Frenchman.] In botany, a genus of the clafs pen- 
tandria, order monogynia, natural order coutortae. The 
generic charaders are—Calyx: perianthiuin turbinate, 
five-tootlied. Corolla: one-petalled; tube fhort; mouth 
villofe ; border five-cleft; clefts ovate, acute, fpreading. 
Stamina: filaments five, very fliort, inlerted into the tube 
beneath the orifice ; antheras linear, ered. Piftillum : 
germ roundifii, inferior, crowned by a gland; ftyle fili¬ 
form ; lligma two-plated. Pericarpium : berry globofe, 
crowned by the teeth of the calyx, two-celled. Seeds s 
very many, roundilh, affixed to the dilfepiment.— EJintial 
CharaBer. Calyx, turbinate, five.toothed. Corolla, tube 
fliort, with a villofe mouth. Berry globofe, inferior, two- 
celled, nrany-feeded. 
There is only one fpecies, named Bertiera Guianenfis. 
It is a (lirub fix or (even feet in height, the thicknefs of 
the human arm; branches oppolite, knotty, tomentofe; 
leaves oppofite, ovate, acuminate, tomentofe underneath. 
Found by Ablet, in the wood of Aroura in Guiana, flow¬ 
ering and fruiting in the month of June. 
BER'TIN (Nicholas), painter, and difciple of Jouvenet 
and De Boullogne the elder, was born at Paris in 1664. 
His father was a fculptor. The academy of painting de¬ 
creed him the firft prize at the age of eighteen, and admit¬ 
ted him afterwards of their number. During his flay at 
Rome lie completed his ftudies. On his return to'France 
he was appointed diredor of the Roman fcliool ; but an 
affair of gallantry, which would have brought, on bad con- 
fequences if he had returned to Rome,'prevented him from 
accepting that place. Louis XIV. the eledors of Mentz 
and Bavaria, employed him fucceffively in various works. 
His manner was vigorous and graceful, and his excellence 
lay in fmall pidures. At Paris there are feveral works of 
his in the church of St. Luke, the abbey of St. Germain 
des Pres, and in the halls of the academy. He died at 
Paris in 1736. 
BERTINO'RO, a town of Italy, in the ftate of the 
church, the fee of a bifhop, fuftragan of Ravenna ; it is 
fituated on a hill, and defended by a citadel: five miles 
eaft of Foili, and fifteen Couth of Ravenna. 
BER'TONCOURT, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Molelle, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diitrid of Bourlay : ten miles north-eaft of Metz. 
BER'TRAM (Cornelius Bonaventure), minifter, and 
profeffor of Hebrew at Geneva, at Frankenthal, and at 
Laufanne, was born at Thouars in Poitou, in 1531, of a 
family allied to the houfe of La Trimouille, and died at 
Laufanne in 1394. He gave to the world, 1. A Dillerta- 
tion on the Republic of the Hebrews, Geneva, 1580 ; 
again at Leyden in 1641, 8vo, written with preci.lion and 
method. 2. A Revilion of the French Bible of Geneva, 
according to the Hebrew Text, Geneva, 13S8. Pie cor- 
reded that verfion (by Calvin and Olivetan) in a great 
number of places, it is the bible (till in ufe among the 
Calvinifts. 3. A new edition of the Thefaurus Lingme 
Sandas of Pagninus. 4. A Parallel of the Hebrew Tongue 
with the Arabic. 5. Lucubrationes Frankendalenfes, 1683. 
BERTR 1 MOUTIER', a town of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Vofges, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftrid of St. Diey: four miles eaft of St. Diey. 
BERVI'E, a fea-port town of Scotland,"in the county 
of Kincardine, fituated on a river of the fame name, near 
the mouth, which forms a bay in the German Ocean, called 
11 B Bcrvie 
