380 
Telopea 9(2): 2001 
Anatomy illustrated: Buchenau (1890: pi. 3, figs 8,13, as J. glaucus ); Cutler (1969: fig. 
4H-K, pi. 1A); Nilsson and Snogerup (1971: fig. 52G); Fernandez-Carvajal (1982a: figs 
25-28). 
Distribution and habitat: In Malesia, it is only known from wet places at 2100-2700 m 
altitude on three mountains in eastern Java. Backer (Backer 1924, 1951; Backer and 
Backhuizen f. 1968) did not comment on its status in eastern Java, but it seems likely 
to have been introduced there, as it is also in Australia and New Zealand. Its native 
range includes Europe, Africa, southwestern and central Asia. Neither we nor 
J.F. Veldkamp (pers. comm.) have seen any specimens from Mt Kawi, which is west of 
Mt Tengger and Jang Plateau; Backer (1924) mentioned that the species (as /. glaucus 
Ehrh.) occurred there but without citing any specimens. 
Backer regarded some collections from far eastern Java (Tengger and Jang Plateaux, 
2100-2300 m alt.; Backer 1924, 1951) that had continuous pith in the culm but 
otherwise were like typical J. inflexus as possibly representing the hybrid J. effusus x 
J. inflexus, but he was doubtful since they produced abundant fruit (Backer and 
Backhuizen f. 1968). This doubt is reinforced by Nilsson and Snogerup's comment 
(1971:184) that this hybrid does not produce viable seed in its native Europe. Podlech 
(1979: 364) describes J. inflexus as occasionally having continuous pith in Europe. The 
three collections that we have seen from Java, cited below, have interrupted pith, 
including Koorders 43479, which was originally named as /. effusus x J. glaucus 
[= /. inflexus]. We have not seen any Javan collections with continuous pith. 
Notes: Differs from other species in the region in having glaucous culms with very 
broad, flat striations that are widely separated (by 0.1-0.2 mm; versus up to 0.1 mm in 
the other species in section Juncotypus); very dark red-brown, glossy cataphylls; and 
very dark red-brown to blackish capsules. 
Selected collections examined: JAVA: prope Ngadisari, 2300 m, S.H. Koorders 37457, 24 Oct 1899 
(K, L (n.v.)); Besoeki, Jangplateau, c. 2100 m, S.H. Koorders 43479, 11 Aug 1916 (K, L (n.v.), P); Besoeki, 
Jang Plateau, Lake Tondjoeng, SW of Sekassor,1900 m, C. van Stemis 11000, 17July 1938 (K, L (n.v.), NY). 
IRELAND: Casteldaly, Co. Clare, L. Johnson 8285, July 1976 (NSW). 
ENGLAND: Fetcham, Surrey, A. Melderis 541, 19 July 1953 (NSW ex BM). 
DENMARK: Jestehaven, Kalo, S. Jeppesen 577, 7 Aug 1969 (NSW ex AAU). 
IRAN: Chalus Gorge, B. Briggs 6252, 18 Aug 1975 (NSW). 
* AUSTRALIA: Victoria: c. 1 km directly SW of Sheepyard Flat, D. Albrecht 1563, 27 Jan 1985 
(MEL, NSW). 
*NEW ZEALAND: North Island: Te Mata Peak, Havelock North, 800 ft [240 m], A. Druce CHR 
16543, Jan 1967 (CHR); near Taradale, A. Healy 50/101, Feb 1950 (CHR, NSW). 
South Island: Marsden, A. Healy 61/81, Jan 1961 (CHR); Kokonga, A. Healy 58/379, Feb 1958 (CHR, 
NSW); above Cromwell, road to Lobum Gully, E. Edgar CHR 149591, Nov 1964 (CHR). 
7. Juncus durus L.A.S. Johnson et K.L. Wilson, sp. nov. 
Inter species in sectione Juncotypi characterum combinatione sequenti distinguitur: 
culmi rigidissimi, medulla culmis lacunis bene interrupta, stomata superficialia, 
stamina 3. 
Type: Papua New Guinea: Western Highlands: Yobobos grassland area (source of 
Lagaip River), Laiagam subdistrict, c. 8,500 ft [2,590 m], R.D. Hoogland and R. Schodde 
7595, 25 Aug 1960; holo NSW; iso BM, CANB, L, LAE. 
