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Telopea 9(2): 2001 
There is no extant original material in any of the Linnaean herbaria. The name is based 
on a description (without any illustration) of Poma orbiculata by Dioscorides (1552). 
Poiret (l.c.) added the Tournefort synonym Malus saliva, fructu orbiculata, odorato ... 
Pomrne Rose and referred the plant to his 'La pomme-rose', noting 'Cette pomme est 
toute ronde, d'une couleur de rose assez jolie, d'une faveur parfumee'. 
'Le gros api, pomme rose' was listed by Audibert Freres (1825) in their catalogue and 
considered a form of the 'Pomme d'Api' by Decaisne & Naudin (n.d.: 433, t. 168). 
Selection of the 'Pomme d'Api' was attributed to the Greeks with Claudius Appius 
saying it came from the Peloponnese (Societe National d'Horticulture de France, 
Section Pomologique [1907: 454]). 
Although grown in Australia up to World War I, as the Lady Apple, it is apparently no 
longer in cultivation here, though allegedly represented at Brogdale, England (Clive 
Winmill, pers. comm.) but we have seen no European material, hence our choosing to 
designate an (excellent) illustration as neotype. 
Pyrtis malus L. var. paradisiaca L., Sp. PI. 1:479 (1753) = Malus pumila Mill. 'Mailing 
VIII' ('M8'). 
Type: Cultivated ('Malus M8 rootstock'). Horticultural Research International East 
Mailing, Kent, England, 25 April 2000, fl., A. King s.n (neo designated here: NSW; 
isoneo: BM, FHO). 
There is no extant original material in any of the Linnaean herbaria. The name is based 
on a polynomial from Bauhin (1623), but there are no specimens in the Burser 
Herbarium (UPS) associated with it. Bauhin in turn cited Bock who referred to it as 
'Paradisian, in German Paradeisopffel'. Worlidge (1676: 159) wrote, 'The Paradise 
Apple is a curious Fruit, produced by grafting a Permain [sic] on a Quince'. It is 
difficult to be sure whether early authors were using the name for the grafted plant as 
a whole or as it was later used as the common name applied worldwide to some 
grafting stocks. The epithet 'Paradise' is associated with things Persian, the word 
being derived from the Old Persian pairi daiza meaning a walled garden, suggesting an 
origin for the plant, many authors considering it introduced to Britain from Armenia 
via France. 
Linnaeus himself may not have had any particular selection of dwarfing stock in mind 
and there was great confusion about the stocks in any case (Hatton 1917). According 
to Carriere (1879), there were three sorts of grafting stocks in use on the Continent of 
Europe in the nineteenth century — franc, doucin and paradis, of which the latter two 
were propagated by cuttings; Carriere added that the old 'Paradis ordinaire' (Mailing 
VIII, though Mailing IV was common in Holland and Germany), which was not 
reliable under all conditions, was in his time being replaced by the 'Paradis jaune (de 
Metz)', i.e. Mailing IX ('M9') (Hatton 1917). The latter, which was selected by the firm 
of Simon-Louis at Plantieres-les-Metz in 1828, is the common stock now used in 
Australia. Mailing VIII has probably never been grown here and we have found no 
herbarium material of it from any country, so we have had specimens from the East 
Mailing stock prepared to serve as neotype. 
Pyrtis malus L. var. prasomila L., Sp. PL: 479 (1753) = Malus pumila Mill. 'Reinette 
Franche' 
Type: Cultivated at National Fruit Collection, Brogdale, Faversham, Kent, England 
[Accession 1947288 ex A. Viennois, Odenas, Rhone, France, Mar. 1947], 20 May 1999 
(fls), £-/• Lamont 1308 p.p. (neo designated here: NSW; isoneo: BM, FHO; epitype [same 
tree, 5 Aug. 1999 (lvs), E.-J. Lamont 1308 p.p.]: NSW; iso-epi: BM, FHO). 
