32 
F R E 
variety of works efteemed by the learned. Of thefe the 
principal are, i, De Re monetaria 'veterum Romanorum, & 
hodkrni apud Gervianos Imperii, Lib, 11 . 2. Parergon,, 
Lib. II. 3. Rerum Bohemicarum Scriptores varii. 4. Rerum 
Germanicarum Scriptores a Carolo Magno ad Fredericum III, 
5. Corpus Hijlor. Francia, And 6. Originum Palatinorum 
Comment. He was a colledtor of ancient paintings, and 
poffelTed a well-chofen cabinet of confular and imperial 
medals, feveral of which he elucidated in his writings. 
FREIDD'EGG, a town of Germany, in the archduchy 
of Axiflria : feven miles fouth-fouth-weft of Ips. 
FREID'NAU, a town of Germany, in the duchy of 
Stiria : fix miles weft of Rakelfpurg. • 
FRE'JENAL, or Frexenel, a town of Spain, in the 
county of Seville : forty-feven miles north ot Seville. 
FREIN'STEIN, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Franconia, and county of Erbach., ten miles foiith of Er- 
bach. 
FRIEN'WALDE, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Upper Saxony, and duchy of Pomerania : fifteen miles 
north eaft of Stargard, and thirty-four fouth-l'outh-eaft of 
Cammin. 
To FREIGHT, v.a. prefer, freighted-, part, fraught ; 
which being now ufed as an adjective,is adopted: 
[fretter, Fr.] To load a fhip or velfel of carriage with 
goods for tranfportation ; _ 1 
Nor is, indeed, that man lefs mad than thefe, 
\Vho freights'A fhip to venture on the leas ; 
With one frail interpofing plank to fave 
From certain death, roll’d on by evVy wave. Dryden. 
To load as the burthen ; to be the thing with which a 
a velfel is freighted : 
I would 
Have funk the fea within the earth, or ere 
It fliould the good fltip lo have fwallow’d, and 
The freighting fouls within her. Shakefpeare. 
FREIGHT, f. Any thing with which a fliip is loaded: 
He clears the deck, receives the mighty; 
The leaky velfel groans beneath the weight. Dryden. 
The money due for tranfportation of goods. 
Ships are freighted either by the ton, or by the great ; 
and in refpeCI; of time, the freight is agreed for, at fo 
much per month, or at a certain fum for the whole voy¬ 
age. If a fliip freighted by the great, happens to be caft 
away, the freight is loft ; but if a merchant agrees by the 
ton, or at fo much for every piece of commodities, and 
by any accident the fhip is caft away, if part of the goods 
isfaved, it is faid Ihe ought to be anfwered her freight 
pro rata ; and when a fhip is infured and,inch a misforttine 
happens, the inlured commonly transfer thofe goods over 
to the affurers, towards a fatisfaCfion of what they make 
gdod. Lex Mercat. 
■ If freight is agreed for the lading and unlading of cattle 
at fuch a port, and fome die before the fhip arrives there, 
the whole freight lliall be paid for the living and the 
dead ; but if the agreement be for tranfporting them, 
freight lhall be only paid for the living : it is the fame ot 
ftaves. Ibid. S5. The lading of a'lhip in conftruclion of 
law, is bound for the freight; the freight being in point 
of payment preferred before ahy other debts to which the 
goods fo laden are liable, though fuch debts as to time 
were precedent to the freight. HU. Car. \l. B.R. If 
part of the lading be on fliip-board, and through fome 
misfortune happening to the merchant, he has not his full 
lading aboard at the time agreed,' the mafter lhall have 
freighfby way of damage, for the time thofe goods were 
on-board; and is at his liberty to contraCl with another, 
left he lofe his feafon and voyage : and where a fliip is not 
ready to take in, or the merchant not ready to lade his 
goods aboard, the parties are not only fo at liberty, but 
the perfon damnified may bring an aCtion againft the other, 
and recover his damages fuftained. Leg. Rhod. 
.If the freighter ofa Ihip lhall lade on-board prohibited 
F R E 
goods, or unlawful merchandize, whereby the Ihip is de¬ 
tained, or the voyage impeded ; he fliall anfwer the 
freight agreed for. Style 220. And when goods are la¬ 
den aboard, and the fliip hath broke ground, the mer- 
chant may not afterwards unlade them ; for if he then 
changes his mind, and refolves not to venture, but will 
iHilade again, by the marine law the freight becomes due. 
If a mafter freights out his fliip, and afterwards fecretly 
takes in goods unknown to the firft laders, by the law 
marine he forfeits his freight : and if a mafter of a ftiip 
fhall put into any other port than what the fliip was 
freighted to, he fliall anfwer damages to the merchant; 
unlefs he is forced in by ftorni, enemies, or pirates ; and 
in that cafe he is obliged to lail to the port agreed, at his 
own expence. Leg. Oleron. A fliip is freighted fo much 
out and fo much in, there fliall be no freight due till the 
voyage is performed ; fo that, if th.e fliip be caft away 
coming home, the freight outwards, as well as inwards, 
are both gone, i Brononl. 21. Dougl. 341. Where a fliip 
perilhes, the whole freight from the laft place or time of 
payment will be loft. And if no freight be payable till 
the return, if the fliip is loft returning, the freight out¬ 
wards fliall be loft as well as that inwards. Mai. 98. 
The goods carried, generally, are a fecurity for the 
freight, and the mafter is not bound to deliver them with¬ 
out payment. Dougl. 104. If a freighted fliip becomes 
difabled without the mailer’s fault, he has his option to 
re-fit, (if poflibld, in convenient time,) or to hire another 
fliip to Carry the goods. If the merchant will not agree to 
this, the mafter is entitled to the full freight for the whole 
voyage. 2 Burr. 882. 1 Bl. Rep. 190. 
Tlie mafter fliall have his freight though the goods are 
fpoiled, if the merchant takes them. The merchant may 
abandon all, though all are not loft : but he cannot aban¬ 
don fome and take fome: if he abandon all, he is ex- 
cufed freight. If tlie fliip is difabled or taken when part 
of the voyage is performed, without fault of the mafter, 
he fliall be paid a rateable proportion of the freight. 
zBurr. 882. See the article Charter-Party, vol. iv. 
p. 119. 
FREIGHT'ER,/. \_fretteur, Fr.] He who freights a 
veflel. 
b'REIGNE', a town of France, in the department of 
the Mayiie and Loire : twenty miles weft of Angers. 
FRETMERSHEIM, a town of Germany, in the pala¬ 
tinate of the Rhine, taken by the French in 1794 : four 
miles norih-north-eaft of I.andau. 
FREIND (John), a learned Englifli phyfician, born 
1111675, at Croton in Noi thamptonfliire, of which place 
his father was redtor. He was educated at Weftminfter- 
fchool, under Dr. Bufliy, and went thence, in 1690, to 
Chrift-church college, Oxford. He became one ot the 
ornaments of that feminary, and was feledled, together 
with Mr. Foulkes, for the talk of publilliinga Latin tran- 
flation of the oration of ./Efehines againft Ciefiphon, and 
of Demofthenes de Corona. Soon after, he edited a cor- 
refted edition of the Delpliin Ovid’s Metamorphofes. A 
Latin ode addrelfed to Dr. Hannes upon the death of the 
duke of Glouceller in 1700, diftinguillies the name of 
Freiiid as a polite fcholar, in the Mufa Anglicana. Before 
this time he had commenced the ftudy of phytic, and in 
1699 communicated to the royal fociety an account ofa 
remarkable hydrocephalus, which is publilhed in their 
Memoirs' Another communication to the fociety, in 
1701, contains a relation of fingular convulfive and ipaf- 
modic fyniptoms affedling two poor families in Oxford- 
fliire. A work vviiich'immediately brought him into 
notice as a phyfician and phyfiologift was his Emrhenologia, 
in qua Fluxus muiiebris mcnjlrui phanomena, periodi, vilice, cum 
nedendimethodo, ad rationes mechanicas, exiguntur, 8vo. 1703. 
In this piece he took his ftation among thp mecha'hical 
phyficians, vvhofe fedl; then flourillied under tlieaufpices 
of Baglivi and other learned men. Deriving the caule of 
the evacuation in queftion from plethora, he confiders the 
eft'ects of lentor in the blood and rigidity in'ihe veffels on 
