38 
F R E 
thinking that he had done well or virtuonfly. South.—‘ 
Freedom from fatigue ; newnefs of drength.—The Scots 
had the advantage both for number o^ndfrejhnefs of men. 
Hayzuard.—Q.oo\nck : 
She laid her down to reft, 
And to the wind expos’d her glowing bread, 
To take frejhnefs of the morning air, Add'ifon. 
Ruddinefs; colour of health : 
Thefecret venom, circling in her veins, 
Works through her fkin, and burds in bloating dains ; 
Her cheeks their/rr/%ne/j lofe and wonted grace. 
And an unufual palenefs fpreads her face. Granville. 
FRESHWATER, [a compound word of frejh and 
water, ufed as an adjeflive.] Raw; uofkilled ; unac¬ 
quainted. A low term borrowed from the failors, who 
digmatife thofe who come fird to fea as frefhrvater or 
novices.-—Thofe nobility, as frejhwater foldiers which had 
never feen but fome iiglit Ikirmifhes, in their vain bra¬ 
very made light account of the Turks. Knolles. —When 
applied to pure water, it means that which rifes inland, 
and forms rivers; or that which is taken from the pump 
or well, and not tinflured with gal'eous or faline particles. 
It is commonly oppofed toya/<-water, 
FRESHWATER, a riverof Wales, in the county of 
Pembroke, which runs into the fea : fix miles fouth-ead 
from Pembroke Haven, forming a bay at its mouth, to 
which it gives name. 
FRESHWATER BAY, a bay in the Straits of Ma¬ 
gellan. Lat. 53. a“. N Ion, 72. 13. W. Greenwich. 
FRESH'WATER BAY, a bay on the fouth-vved coad 
of the Ifle of Wight. Lat, 50, 37. N. Ion. i. 31. W. 
Greenwich. 
FRESHWATER BAY, a bay on the ead coad of 
Newfoundland. Lat. 49. 10. N, 1011,53. 30. W. Green¬ 
wich, 
FRESHWATER SOL'DIER, in botany. See Stra- 
TIOTES. 
FRESNE, a town of France, in the department of the 
Meufe, and chief place of a canton, in the didridl of Ver- 
dun; three leagues and a half fouth-ead of Verdun, and 
four north-north-ead of St. Mihiel. 
FRESNE St. MAMETZ, a town of France, in the 
department of the Upper Saone, and chief place of a can¬ 
ton, in the didricf of Gray : four leagues north-ead of 
Gray, and four fouth-wed of Vefoul. 
FRESNEAU', a town.of France, in the department of 
the Oife, and chief place of a canton, in the didriSl of 
Chamont: ten miles fouth of Beauvais, 
FRESNES, a town of France, in the department of 
the Straits of Calais, and chief place of a canton, in the 
■ vdidriid: of Arras: two leagues and a half north-ead of 
Arras, 
FRESNES, a town of France, in the department of the 
Calvados : twelve miles fouth of Vire. 
FRESNIL'LO, a town of Mexico, in the province of 
Zacatecas : forty miles north of Zacatecas. 
FRES'NO, a town of Spain, in Old Cadile : five miles 
fouth of Borgo d’Ofma. 
FRES'NO, a town of Spain, in Andalufia: twenty 
miles north of Cordova. 
FRESNOY', a town of France, in the department of 
the Oife : feven miles fouth-w'ed of Compiegne. 
FRESNOY' (Charles-Alphonfe du), fon of an apothe¬ 
cary in Paris, where he vvas born in i6ri. Dedined by 
his father to the medical profedion, he was carefully 
educated for that purpofe, and didinguifhed himfelf at 
college by his progrefs in literature. But the prizes 
which he obtained for his poetical exercifes, nourifiied his 
pafilon for that art, and infpired him with difgud to the 
dudy of phyfic. To a love for poetry he joined that for 
its lifter art, painting ; and notwithdanding all the rigours 
of parental authority, he perfevered in his purpofe of 
following the latter as his’profedion. He pradlifed for 
two years in the fchools of Perrier and Vouet, and at the 
F R E 
age of twenty-one departed for Italy, At Rome he em¬ 
ployed himfelf in drawing ruins and pieces of architec¬ 
ture, amidft the greated pecuniary difficulties, deditute 
as he was of all fupport from his irritated relations. He 
had paired two years in this manner, when his youthful 
companion and friend Mignard arrived in that capital. 
Every thing was foon in common between them : they 
lodged, worked, and dudied, together, and obtained the 
name of the infeparables. They copied for the cardinal of 
Lyons all the fine pifturesof the F^arnefe palace ; but the 
principal objedls of their dudy were the works of Rapha¬ 
el, and the relics of antiquity. Of the two friends, 
Mignard had the readied hand, but Du Frefnoy pofleded 
the mod learning, and the profounded knowledge in the 
theory of his art. He continued to pay his devoirs to 
the mufes ; and as he painted, he wrote down his obfer- 
vations, which were the ground-work of the poem on 
painting, by which he has acquired his chief celebrity. 
Though he wrought fiowly, and his pictures are few in 
number, he is thought to have approached more nearly than 
almoft any artift to Titian, whom he imitated in his co¬ 
louring, as he did the Caracci in defign. After paffing 
fome time at Venice, where Mignard joined him, he re¬ 
turned to Paris in 1656. He took up his abode.with a 
friend, and painted a few altar-pieces, landfcapes, and 
cabinet pictures. On the return of Mignard, Du Fref¬ 
noy rejoined his old friend, and continued with him till 
his laft illnefs. He did not ceafe to beftow additional 
touches upon his poem, which he forbore to publiffi till 
he had a French verfion to appear along with it. This 
was at length undertaken by De Piles, and Du Frefnoy 
had begun a commentary upon it, w hen he was carried 
off by a paralytic ftroke, at the age of fifty-four, in 1665. 
His poem De Arte Graphica, appeared three years after¬ 
wards. His tranllator, Mafon, is fo little its encomiaft 
as to fay, “ Nobody, I fbould fuppofe, ever read Fref¬ 
noy to admire, or even criticife, his verlification, but 
either to be inftrucled by him as a painter, or improved 
as a virtuofo.” It has neverthelefs kept a refpedlable 
place among modern Latin poems ; and befides the French 
verfion of De Piles, which was well received, it has been 
thought w’otthy of tranflation into Italian and Engliffi ; 
in the latter language, firft by Dryden, and lately, with 
much more correblnefs, by Mafon, who has fubjoined 
fome valuable notes. 
FRES'QUEL, a river of France, which runs into the 
Aude, near Carcaffonne. 
FRESSELI'NES, a town of France, in the department 
of the Creufe, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrift 
of La Souterraine, on the Creufe ; five leagues north- 
north-weft of Gueret. 
FRESSENVIL'LE, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Somme : ten miles weft of Abbeville. 
FRESSIN', a town of France, in the department of the 
Straits of Calais, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 
trift of Montreuil; one league and a half north of Hefdin. 
FRES'TA, a town of Sweden, in the province of Up¬ 
land : twenty-one miles fouth-eaft of Upfai. 
FRES'WICK WATER, a fmall river of Scotland, 
which runs into the fea, near Wick-town, in the county 
of Caitlmefs. 
FRET,yi [Of this word the etymology is very doubt¬ 
ful : fome derive it from rjieran, to eat; others from 
pper jjan, to adorn ; fome from cp^hro ; Skinner more 
probably from Jremo, or the trench fretiller perhaps it 
comes immediately from the Lax'm fretiem.^ A friih ; or 
ftrait of the fea ; where the water by confinement is al¬ 
ways rough.—Euripus generally fignifieth any ftrait, 
or channel of the fea, running beiw'een two fhores. Brown. 
—iYny agitation of liquors by fermentation ; confinement ; 
or other caufe.—The blood in a fever, if well governed, 
like wine upon the fret,, difehargeth itfelf of heterogene¬ 
ous mixtures. Derliam. — 1 hat (top of the mufleal inftru- 
ment which caufes or regulates the vibrations of the 
firing.—it requireth good winding of a firing before it 
