Is ■ F U C 
4. Fuchfia excortica; peduncles axillary, one-fiow- 
ered; leav'es ovate, alternate. 'I'his is a very fmooth 
tree ; leaves on long- petioles, hoary underneath, very 
finely friraie; flowers pendulous, very lajrge ; corolla 
fnnnel-flia'.ied ; hut, according to Forfler, there is no co¬ 
rolla, except four nectaries, which are ovate-lanceolate, 
ereft, interpoTed between the fegments of the calyx, and 
only one-third of their fize. Others call thefe tlie petals. 
Native of New Zealand. Forfler gave it the name of 
Shnnera from Mr. Skinner of Oxford— acutijjimo oculaiijft- 
moque botmico Oxonknfi, as he exprelFes it. 
5. Fuclifiu involucrata; flowers involucred. Native 
of Jamaica. 
Propagation and Culture. This is propagated by feeds, 
which muft be fown in pots filled with rich light earth, 
and plunged into a iiot-bed of tanners’ bark, and treated 
in the fame way as other.feeds from warm cou'itiries. In 
about a month or fix weeks after the feeds are fown, the 
plants will begin to appear, when they flioiild be care¬ 
fully cleared from weeds, and frequently refrefhed with 
water to [iromote tlicir growth ; and v/hen they are about 
two iiiches I'.igh, they fltould be taken out of the pot, 
and leparated carefully ; then plant each into a fmall pot 
filled wi-th light rich'ejrth, and plunge them again into a 
hot-bed of tanners’ bark, being careful to fereen them 
from the fun until they have taken new root: after which 
tinte they mufl have frefh air admitted to them every 
day in proportion to the Vv-armth of thefeafon, and fltonld 
, be frequently watered. As the feafon advances and be¬ 
comes warm, the glaffes of the hot-bed fliould be raifed 
higiier, to admit a greater fhare of air to the plants, to 
prevent their drawing tip weak; and when the plants 
are grown fo tall as to reach the glaffes, they fhould be 
removed into tlie bark-flove, and plunged into the tan- 
bed. In winter thefe plants require to be kept very warm, 
and at that feafon tliey muft not have much water, but in 
liimnier it muft be often repeated. Thefe plants are too 
tender to thrive in the open air in this country, even in the 
liotteft part of tlieyear; therefore they fliould conftantly 
remain in the ftove, obferving to let in a large fliare of 
fiefli air in iummer, but in winter they muft be kept 
warm ; witli this management the plants will produce 
their flowers, and make a beautiful appearance in the 
ftove, ainongft other tender exotic plants. 
FUCHS'WINKL, a town of Silefia, in the principality 
of Nieffe : two miles and a half fouth of Patfchkaii. 
FUCI'NUS, in ancient geography, a lake of Italy in 
the country of the Marfi ; now Lago di Celano, from a cog- 
nominal citadel, lying in the fouth of the Abruzzo Ultra, 
in the kingdom of Naples, near the Apennine This 
lake was under the prote6lion of a god of the fame deno¬ 
mination, whofe temple ftood on its banks. According 
to the teftimony of ancient authors, it was fubjeft to ex¬ 
traordinary rifings and decreafings. The aftual circum- 
ierence is toriy-ieven miles; the breadth inthewrdeft 
part is ten, in the narroweft four; its depth twelve feet 
upon an average. But all thefe liave varied prodigioufly. 
Tw'o miles up the plain, behind Avezzano, the fragments 
of boats, Ihells, and otlier marks of its ancient extent, 
have been cafually difeovered; and, on the contrary, 
there are people who remember when it did not flow 
nearer than within two miles of Avezzano. An immenfe 
traift of excellent land is lo.ft at every increafe of its level. 
All round this noble piece of water rifes a circle of grand 
mountains, fome of them the higheft in Italy, if we ex- 
■ cept the Alps, and many of tlrem covered witli fnow ; 
and at the foot of them are numerous villages, with rich 
and vvell-cuitivated farms. The environs of the lake, 
and the fides of the liills, are covered with fine woods; 
its w-aters abound witli fifh of various kinds, and thither 
repair at ftated feafons iniuimerable flights of wild-fowl. 
As the fwelling of the lake was attended with incredible 
damage, tlie Marli had often petitioned the fenate to 
drain it: Julius Caslar would have attempted it, had he 
lived longer. FJis fucceirors were averfe to the project; 
F U C 
till Claudius, who delighted in expenfive enferprizes, 
undertook it. During the fpace of eleven years he em-' 
ployed 30,000 men in digging a pafTage tlirough the 
mountain ; and wdien every thing was ready for letting 
old' the water, he exhibited a fiiperb naval fpeclacle on 
the lake. A great number of condemned criminals were 
obliged to a6l the parts of Rhodians and Sicilians in fe- 
parate fleets, to engage in earneft, and to deftroy one ano¬ 
ther for the entertainment of the court and the multitude 
of fpedtators that covered the hills. A line of well- 
armed veftels and rafts loaded with foldiers furrounded 
the feene of ad'tion, in order to prevent any of the con¬ 
demned wretches from efcaping; but it was with great 
difficulty and many threats that they could be brought 
to an engagement. When this favage diverfion was end- 
e8, the operations for opening the outlet commenced, and 
the emperor was very near being fwept away and drowned, 
by the fiidden nifhing of the waters towardsdts vent. 
However, either through the ignorance or negligence of 
the engineers, the attempt did not anfwer ; and Claiid_itis 
did not live to fee this great work completed. Nero 
abandoned the fcheme through envy. Adrian is faid to 
liuve let off the waters of the Fucinus ; but none now 
efcape except tlirough hidden channels formed by nature, 
which are probably Uibjeft to be obftrutled, and thus 
occafion a fupbrabundance of water in the lake, till fome 
unknown or accidental caufe removes the obftruilion, 
and again gives a free paffage. 
Sir William Hamilton, wlio viftted tlie Fucinus in 17S5, 
fays, “it is the moft beautiful lake he ever faw', and would 
be complete if the neighbouring mountains were better 
wooded.” It furnifiies abundance of fifti, though not of 
the beft quality. Claudius’s channel he del'cribes as (till 
entire, though filled up with earth and rubbifli in mat?y 
parts. He went into jt with torches as far as he could. 
It is a covered underground canal three miles long, part 
of it cut through a h.ard rock, and otlier parrs are ilip- 
ported by mafon work, with wells to give iiglu. Sir 
Wiiliatii Hamilton is of opinion, that if the canal were 
cleared and repaired, it would aniwer the purpofe, and 
thereby reftore a great deal of rich land for cultivtition. 
FU'CUS,y; [tpvxo^, Gr. from ’\■^B,yuka, Heb. becaufe 
it was ufed in painting the cheeks.] The ancients gave 
the name of fucus to a purple dye of a moft betuitiful 
colour, obtained from a fea-phuU; and the women of 
thofe times alfo ufed a fucus to ftaiii their cheeks red ; 
from whence many have fuppofed that the fame fub- 
ftaiice was ufed on both occafions. But, on a ftridl en- 
qtiiry, this proves not to be the cafe. The Greeks 
called every thing fucus, that would iftain or paint tlie 
flelh. This peculiar fubftance ufed by the women to 
paint their cheeks, was diftinguiftied from the others by 
the name nl rizion, and was a root brought from Syria 
into Greece. The Latins, in imitation of the Greek 
name, called this root radicula, and Plitiy very erroneoufly 
confounds the plant with the radix lunaria, or flruthion of 
the Greeks. 
The word fucus was in thofe times become fuch an uni- 
verfal name for paint, that the Greeks and Romans had 
a. fucus mctallicus, which was the cerufe ufed for painting 
tlie neck and arms white; after which they ufed the pur. 
purijjim, or red fucus of the nzium, to give the colour to 
the cheeks. In after-times they alfo ufed a peculiar 
fucus or paint for the piirpole, prepared of the Creta ar. 
gentaria, or filver-chalk, and fome of the rich purple 
dyes that were in life at that time: and this feems to 
have been very little different from oiir rofe-pink ; a co- 
lour now commonly fold at the milliner’s, and tiled on 
like occafions.—’Tliofe who paint for debauchery fhould 
have the Jucus pulled oft', and the coarfenefs underneath 
difeovered. Collier. 
Women chat 
Of yiict/s tills and that. Ben fenfon. 
FU'CUS, y. [from fucare^ Lat. to dye or paint; fome 
of 
