no F U M A R I A. 
long branching petioles, compofed of many irregular 
leaflets, trifid at t!ie top ; fee Botany Plate VI. fig. 23. 
They continue green all the year, and the flowers in fuc- 
cefiion from April to October; fo that thisfpecicsdeferves 
a place iti every garden. It is peculiarly proper for rock- 
work, old walls and buildings, in which the feeds often 
lodge of theml'elves, being thrown to a confiderable dif- 
tance by the elafticity of the pods. It is a native of 
Barbary. 
8. Fumaria Sibirica, or Siberian fumitory; (iliques 
oval; Hems patulous, leaflets oblong. Annual. Native 
of Siberia. 
9. Ftimaria capnoides, or white-flowered fumitory; 
filiques linear, four-cornered; Items diffttfed, acute- 
angled. Annual. It has a fucceflion of the flowers from 
May to October ; and this, as well as the feventh,is pro¬ 
per tor wails, old buildings atid rock-work. Native of 
the fouth of Europe. 
to. Fumaria enneaphylla ; leaves triternate, leaflets 
cordate. This has weak trailing Items, which are much 
divided, and leaflets divided into thiee parts, each of 
whiph has three heart fliaped lobes; the flowers are pro- 
dticed in fmall loofe panicles from the tide of the ftalks ; 
they are of a greenifli white, and appear mod of the fum- 
mer months. Native of Spain and Italy, upon old walls 
and in rocky places. 
11. Fumaria officinalis, or common fumitory; peri¬ 
carps one-feeded, racemed ; (temdiffufe. This is a com¬ 
mon weed in corn fields, gardens, and on ditch banks ; 
flowering from April to Auguft, and even later. Kine 
and theep eat it; to the latter it is accounted falubrious ; 
the leaves are fucculent, faline, and bitter. The exprefl- 
ed juice in dofes of two or three ounces, wiih whey, is 
tifeful in hypocliondriacal, l'corbutic,and cacheCIic,habits. 
It collects acidity, and ftrengihens the tone of the fto- 
inach. Hoffman prefers it to all other medicines as a 
fweetener of the blood. Tliere is no doubt of its utility 
in obftruCtions of the vifeera, and the difeafesarifing from 
them. The celebrated Boerhaave frequently prelcribed 
it in the black jaundice and bilious cholics. An infufion 
of the leaves is ufed as a cofmetic to remove freckles, and 
clear the fkin; and Dr, Cullen experienced its good 
effects in many cutaneous fliforders. 
12. Fumaria capreolata, or ramping fumitory; peri¬ 
carps one-feeded, racemed ; leaves climbing, lubcirrhofe. 
This feems to be nothing more than a variety of the fore- 
going. Hudfon could perceive no difference except in 
the colour of the flowers, which in this is white with a 
purple tip ; it climbs, not by tendrils, but by the bend¬ 
ing or twifting of the petioles ; but Louis Gerard attri¬ 
butes this wholly to its fitnation in hedges or among 
bullies. Dr. Stokes, however, has obferved the Item 
fometimes trailing, and interweaving its branches among 
the grafs, very much branched, fometimes three feet 
long, the blolfoms pale red ; the ftems are longer and 
weaker; the leaves more diftant, and not fo finely divid¬ 
ed, the extreme divifions broader and blunter than the 
foregoing ;' the fpikes of flowers are on longer peduncles, 
but with fewer flowers on a fpike. All thefe differences 
may alfo be owing to fitnation. Native of Provence, Sile- 
fia, and Britain. Linnaeus remarks, as a fingiilariiy, that 
this does not occur in Sweden, where the foregoing is very 
common, not only in corn fields, but among bnihes. 
13. Fumaria fpicata, or narrovv-leaved fumitory; pe. 
ricarps one-feeded, fpiked ; fter.n ereCt, leallets filiform. 
Annual. The ftalks more ereCt than in the common 
fort ; the leaves are very finely divided, and the flowers' 
grow in a loofe fpike ; they are of a deep red colour, and 
appear about the fame time ; the flowers grov/ very clofe 
together in the fpike; and the leaves are glaucous, and 
fmalier than in the other fpecies, like camomile; thofe 
that proceed from the root are on longer petioles, but the 
fegments ate Ihorter ; thofe on the ftem have (horter peti¬ 
oles, but longer fegments; both ftems and leaves are co¬ 
hered with a glaucous bloom 3 there is little or no bitter. 
nefs in fhe leaves. Linnsus fufpeils that this maybe a 
hybridous plant ; and is of opinion, that whoever Ihall 
determine this and the followirtg to be varieties of the 
I ilh or common fumitory can hardly err ; the fruit indi¬ 
cating that they are one and the fame. Native of Spain, 
Portugal, Italy, and the fouth of France. It flowers 
with ns in July and Auguft. Ray fays it flowers in funi- 
mer, ivliereas Linnaeus afferts that the flowers are vernal. 
14. Fumaria claviculata, or climbing fumitory: fili¬ 
ques linear; leaves tendril-bearing. Native of Denmark 
and Britain, in woods and moilt hedges, boggy and rocky 
places in a fandy foil, on the banks of lakes and rivers, 
and on the thatch of cottages; as on Blackheath and about 
Charlton and Greenwich ; at Snarelbrcok near Woodford, 
Elfex ; on the banks of the Trent near Oufeley in Sta.L. 
fordftiire ; in the hedges between Bala in Merionechfhire 
and Pimble-mere ; above Great Malvern tower ; about 
Birmingham ; rocks of Stonehall near Rawdon, Even 
miles from Leeds; Thorpe near Norwich ; in the quarries 
at Inner-Keith, in Scotland ; near Whitwick in Leicef- 
terfliire ; Kendal in Weftmoreland : flowering from the 
end of May to theendof July. 
13. Fumaria veficaria, or bladdered fumitory : filiques 
globular, acute, inflated; leaves cirrhofe. This is an 
annual plant, with trailing (talks, whicli are two or tliree 
feet long, dividing into many fmalier ones, with fmall 
branching leaves, like thofe of common fumitory, but 
ending in tendrils ; flowers in loofe* panicles, from the 
fide of the ftalks, of a whitifti yellow colour ; the termi¬ 
nating leaflets are protracted into tendrils ; peduncles op- 
polite to the leaves, bearing one to four flowers. Native 
of tbe Cape of Good Hope. Cultivated in the Chelfea 
garden in 1696 ; it flowers in July. 
Propagation and Culture. The firft fpecies is propagated 
by offsets from the root ; it loves a Ihady fitnation and a 
light foil; the heft time to tranfplant the roots is in au¬ 
tumn, w'hen the leaves are decayed, for it Ihoots pretty 
early in the fpring, therefore it would not be fafe to re¬ 
move them at that feafon. 'I'be fourth and fifth are pro¬ 
pagated by offsets, as other bulbous-rooted flowers ; thefe 
are very pretty ornaments to borders in a fmall flower- 
garden : they are extreme hardy, but do not increafe 
•very faft, feldom producing feeds with us; and their 
bulbs do not multiply very much, efpecially if they are 
often tranfpianted ; they love a light fandy loi!., and 
Iliould be fiiff'ered to remain three years undiftnrbed, in 
which time they will produce feveral offsets. The beft: 
feafon for tranfplanting them is from M.ty to Auguft, 
when the leaves begin to die oft'; for if they are taken up 
when the leaves are fre(h, it will greatly weaken their 
roots. 
7r 8, 9, to, 12, 13, 14. If tlie feeds of thefe are 
permitted to fcatter, the plants will come up without any 
trouble, and require no other care but to thin them where 
they are too clofe, and to keep them clean from weeds. 
Thefe thrive beft on old wallsand buildings andon rocks'; 
they fcatter their feeds from their elaftic pods, and require 
no care in tite cultivation. 
15. This is propagated by feeds, which ftmuld be 
fown upon a moderate hot-bed in the fpring; and when 
the plants are fit to remove, they muft be each planted is 
a fmall pot filled with light earth, and plunged again into 
the hot-bed, where they iniift be fhaded from the fun till 
they have taken new root; after which they (Iiould have 
large Ihare.of air admitted to them at all times in mild wea¬ 
ther, to prevent their drawing up weak ; and as loon as 
the feafon is favourable, they Ihould be inured to bear 
the open air, to which they may be removed the beginning 
of June, when they may be Ihaken out of the pots, pre- 
ferving all the earth tQ their roots, and planted in a warm 
border, wliere their ftalks (Ijould be fupported with (ticks 
to prevent their trailing on the ground ; and in July the 
plants will flower, and continue a fucceflion of flowers 
till the froft deftroys the plants. The feeds ripen in an- 
turan. See Aooxa. 
FUMAY', 
