GAB 
of ten thoufand talents, made no fcrnple of deferting 
Mithridates; and thougli it was contrary to an exprefs 
law fora govertior to march out of his province orengage 
in a new war without llieconfent of the fenate, yet, con¬ 
fiding in the friendfl^ip of Pompey, he proceeded with liis 
army towards Egypt. He difpatched his general of tlie 
horfe, Mark Antony, tofecure tlie paffes, and following 
into the heartof the country, gave Archelaus a total de¬ 
feat, and took him prifoner. For a iar-ge ranfom he fuf- 
fered him toefcape ; but the ambition of the young prince 
induced- him again to take up arnts, and he flood a long 
fiege in Alexandria. At length he was (lain in battle, and 
Ptolemy Auletes was quietly feated on his throne. In 
the nteati time Gabini.us was accufed at Rome of high 
crimes and mifdemeanors, and Cicero employed his pow¬ 
erful eloquence againll him, as one wlio hud difgraced 
the Roman name. Such was the indignation excited 
among the people, that he would have been condemned 
in his abfence, had he not been fcreened by Pompey and 
Craffiis. Gabinius returned to Rome, B.C. 54, and was 
impeached of high-treafon, of which charge he was ac¬ 
quitted by a fmall majority. He was then tried for cor¬ 
ruption and extortion, and was condemned to perpetual 
banifhment. He expended his ill-gotten wealth in bribes 
to his advocates and judges, and lived abroad in poverty 
and obfcurity, till the breaking out of the civil war be¬ 
tween Caefarand Pompey. The former of thefe generals, 
knowing his military talents, made him one of liis lieuten¬ 
ants. In this quality, marching through Illyricum, he 
-was defeated with great lofs by the people of the province, 
and compelled to take refuge in Salona. There, after 
contending fome months againft great diflrefs, he died of 
remorfe and grief, unpitied and unlamented, even by 
thofe he had endeavoured to ferve. 
GA'BION, /. [French.] A wicker bafket which is 
filled with earth to make a fortification or intrenchment. 
—His battery was defended all along with gabions, and 
calks filled with fand. Knolles. —See the article Fortifi¬ 
cation, vol.vii. p. 592. 
GABIONA'DE, y". A bulwark made with gabions. 
GA'BISE, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the province 
of Natolia : twenty-eight miles fouth-eafi of Conftanti- 
nople. 
GA'BLE,yi [_gaval, Wellh ; gable, Fr.] A triangu¬ 
lar end of a building carried up (perpendicularly in front) 
to the ridge of the roof.—Take care, that all your brick¬ 
work be covered with the tiling, according to the new 
way of building, witliout gable ends, which are very 
heavy, and very apt to let the water into the brick-work. 
Mortimer. 
G A'BLE-END FO'RELAND, a cape on the call coaft 
of the northern ifland of New Zealand, in the South Pa¬ 
cific Ocean. Lat. 38. 15. S. 
GABLEN'Z, a town of Germany, in the circle of Up¬ 
per Saxony, and circle of Erzgefaurg : fix miles north- 
north-weft of Zwickau. 
GAB'LOCKS, f. Falfe fpurs for fighting cocks, of 
fleel, filver, &c. 
GA'BON, a river of Africa, which runs into the At¬ 
lantic, near Cape St. Clara. It gives name to a country 
through which it paftes. 
GABO'RI, a bay on the fouth-eaft coaft of Cape Bre¬ 
ton ifland. The entrance into it, wltich is not more than 
twenty leagues from the illes of St. Pierre, is between 
iflands and rocks about a league in breadth. The bay is 
two leagues deep, and affords good anchorage. 
GABOU', or Jabou, a country of Africa, between 
Benin andDahomy, about 150 miles from the coaft; the 
chief trade is in flaves. 
GABRANTO'VICI, a people who anciently inhabi¬ 
ted fome part of Yorkftiire. 
GA'BRES, or Gavres, a religious fe£l in Perfia and 
India; called alfo Gebres, Guebres, Gaurs, &c. The 
Turks call the Chriftians gabres, i. e. infidels, or people 
of a falfe religion j the word gabre^ among the Turks, 
G A J3 
having'the fame fignification as pagan among the Chrif¬ 
tians. In Perfia the word has a more peculiar fignification ; 
being applied to a fe£l: difperfed through tlie country, and 
faid to be the remain.s of the ancient Perfians or followers 
of Zoroafter, the worftiippers of fire. They have a fub- 
iirb at Ifpahan, which is called Gaurabad, or “the tov/n 
of the Gaurs,'’ where they are employed in the meaneft 
drudgery: fome of them are difperfed through other 
parts of Perfia ; but they principally abound in Kerman. 
Some of them fled many ages ago into India, and fettled 
about Surat, where ilieir pofterity remain to this day. 
There is alfo a colony of them at Bombay. They are a 
poor, ignorant, inoffenftve people, extremely fuperftiti- 
ous, bur honeft in their dealings. 
GABRIAC', a town of f'rance, in the department of 
the Aveiron, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridl 
of St. Genies; four leagues north-eaft of Rhodez. 
GA'BRIEL, of ins a mighty one, and bK God, 
Heb. i.e. the ftrength of God.] Tiie archangel placed, 
in the Jewilh Talmud, at the head of the fecond order of 
the celeftial hierarchy. See the article Angee, vol. i. 
p, (>93-696. A proper name of men. 
G A'BR lEL (Giles de), a francifcan monk, native of 
Liege, wiio was admitted licentiate of the univerfity of 
Louvain, ordained prieft, appointed definitor-general of 
his order, and apoftolic-commiirary in the Netherlands. 
He was the author of feveral theological works, in whicli 
he inculcates a very fevere and rigid morality. Among 
other pieces lie publiflied at Bniflels, in 1675, a book en¬ 
titled Specimina Moralis Chrijiiana; & Moralis DiaboUcce, or 
Specimens of Chriftian Morality and of Diabolical Mora¬ 
lity, Svo. This extraordinary title excited an alarm at 
the court of Rome, whither the author was obliged to re¬ 
pair in order tojuftify liimfelf, while his book was prohi¬ 
bited till it fhould undergo a ftridl examination. When 
it had palfed the ordeal, and received fome corredlions, it 
was permitted to be reprinted by the author at Rome, in 
1680, under the title of Specimina Moralia-, but it was af¬ 
terwards publiflied at Lyons in its original form, and with 
its original title, in 1683, 121110. A Frencli tranflatioii 
from the Roman edition, revifed, corredted, and enlarg¬ 
ed, made its appearance in 1680, entitled Les EJfuis de la 
Theologie Morale, &c. 12mo. 
GA'BRIEL-SEVE'RUS, a Greek prelate, native of 
Monembafia, in Peloponnefus. He was confecrated bi- 
fliop of Philadelphia at Conftantinople in 1,777, by the 
patriarch Jeremy ; but finding the Greeks in that diocefe 
to be few in number, he removed to Venice, where he ex- 
ercifed the archiepifcopal fumStions over tlie members or 
his communion in the territories of that republic. In that 
city he publiflied, in the Greek language, a treatife 011 
the Sacraments, a defence of the Greek church againft 
the terms of the union enjoined by the council of Flo¬ 
rence, and other treatifes on the rites of tlie Greek 
churcli. They were publifiied in a coHedtive form at 
Paris, in 1671, by Richard Simon, under the title of 
Ecclejia: Orientalis, Jeu Gabrielis MetrqpoUtce Philadelphienfis 
Opufcula, in 4to. 
GA'BRIEL-SIONI'TA, a learned Maronite, profelfor 
of the Syriac and Arabic languages at Rome, whence he 
was induced to proceed to P.iris to take a part in editing 
the magnificent Polyglot Bible, publiihed by M. Le Jay. 
He carried with him Syriac and Arabic verfions of the 
Bible, tranferibed by himfelf from MSS. at Rome, to 
which, with incredible labour, he added the vowel points, 
as they were afterwards printed, and which did not exift 
in the writings from which he took his tranferipts. He 
was appointed profeflTor-royal of the Syriac and Arabic 
languages at Paris, and was highly efteemed and much 
employed by the learned world as a tutor in them. He 
died in that city in 1648. Walton, in the Englifh Poly- 
glot, h as copied the verfions introduced by Sionita. Be- 
fides his labours ojn the Bible, he alfo publiftied tranfla- 
tions of other Arabic works, and an Arabic geography, 
entitled Geographia Nubimjis^ 410. 1619. 
\ 
GA’BRIEL, 
