GAG 
ttenfity of (he air left in the receiver, tvithout being {ifTt'e'l- 
ed by Inch gales as may airunie an elalHc form in the va¬ 
cuum. 'rite long gage is often made in the form of an 
inverted (irhon, witli one leg open, a«<l tlie other her- 
nieiically {'ea'xtl ; and is fonietimcs called Mairan's gnge ; 
and is delineated in the engraving at fig. 8. The Ihort 
.gage, reptefented in the lame engraving at AB, fig. 9, 
,conJills,of a tube fix oreiglit inches long, filled with m.er- 
enry, and inverted in a Tm.ill bafon tliereof, in the fame 
manner as the comnion haroincter; in tiiis the mercury 
docs not begin to descend till about three-fotirths of the 
air isexhaulied, after which it begins to fiiew th.e degree 
of exiiauftion, wluch is in proportion as the height of its 
•column CO the height of the mercury in the comtuon baro¬ 
meter. 
Tlie pear gage, fliewn at fig. 10, wotild be the mofi: ac¬ 
curate of any,, irit were not that ntolt fluid fubdances af- 
fume’ati el.dtic form wltenevcr the preifure of the atmol- 
phere is removed ; it therefore feldom indicates tlie elafti- 
ci:y, oractual preirnre of the fluid, remaining in the re¬ 
ceiver. See the refnlis of various experiments \^lth the 
pear gage, under the article Air-Pump, vol. i. p. 224. 
S. .G,\ge of the Barometer. A contrivance for 
efiimating the exacl degree of the rife and fall of the mer¬ 
cury in the tube of that infiniment. It is well known 
• tliat wliilfl; the mercury riles in tliu tube, it finks in the 
ciftern, and vice verl'a; and conl'cquently the divilion.s 911 
the fc iHe fixed ne.ir the top of the tube had their difiance 
from the furface of the mercury in the cifiern always vari¬ 
ous ; from which tiiere nut If often happen errors in deter¬ 
mining the height of the mercury in the tube. To reme¬ 
dy this inconvenience, a line is cut upon a round ptree of 
ivory, which is fixed near tiie cifiern : this line is accu. 
rately placed at a given difiance from the fcale j for ex¬ 
ample at twenty-feven inches ; and a fmall float of cork, 
with a cylindrical piece of ivory fixed to its upper furface, 
on which a line is cut at tlie exadt difiance of two inches 
from the under fide of the cork, is left to play freely on 
the quicklilver, and tlie cylinder works in a groove made 
in the other piece. Prom this confirudfion it appears, 
that if thefe marks are made to coincide, by railing or 
lowering the ferew which adfs on the quickfilver, then 
the divifionson the fcale will e.xprefs the true meafure of 
the difiance from the furface. See Barometer, vol. ii. 
p. 734 - 741 - 
9. Gage OF THE Condenser. A glafs tube of a par¬ 
ticular conflruclion, adapted to the conden'fing engine, 
and defigned to (hew the exadl denlity and quantity of 
the air contained at any time in the coadenfer. Dejaguli- 
ers’s Exper. Philof. vol. ii. p. 394, 
10. Sliding Gage. A tool ufed by mathematical in- 
ftrument makers, for meafuring and fetting olf difiances ; 
confiding of a beam, tooth, Aiding focket, and the flioul- 
der of the focket. 
11. The Rod Gage, commonly called the four feet 
gauging rod, delineated in the engraving at fig. 1 j. This 
isigencrally ufed in gauging liquors or calks, explained 
under thearticle Gauging. 
. GAGE, or Gage Deliverance, inlaw, iswherehe 
that hath taken a difirefs, and being fued, hath not deli¬ 
vered the cattle tiiat were dillrained; then he (hall not 
only avo'.v the difirefs, but gager deliverance, i. e. put 
in lurety, or pledges, that he will deliver them. F.N.B. 
67. This gage deliverance is had onfuing out replevins, 
upon the plaintifi ’s praying the fame : and it is faid the 
parties are to be at iffue, or tliere is to be a demurrer in 
law, before gage deliverance is allowed ; and if a man 
.claim any property in the goods, or the beafts are dead in 
the pound, the party (hail not gage. Kitch. 145, . See the 
article Replevin. 
, GA'GES, a town of I'Vance, in the department of the 
Aveiron, and chief place of a canton, in the difiridl of 
Rhodez : two leagues north-eafi: of Rhodez. 
■ GA GETOWN, a fetilement and town of the Ameri¬ 
can States, in Sunbury county, New Brunfwick, on the 
G A II If)? 
lands granted to general Gage, on the wefi fide of St. 
John’s river, on the northern fhore of the bay of Fundy. 
'Phe general’s grant confifis of 20,000 acres of land ; the 
upland ofvi hich isin general veiy bad. There is fome 
interval on the river fide, on which are a few fettlcrsj 
exchilive of thefe fettlements, there is very little good 
land of any kind. 
7 'oGAG'GLE, v.n. \_gagen, gagelen, Dut.] To malje 
a npile like a goofe.—-Birds prune their feather.',, geei'e 
gaggle, and crows feem to call upop. rain ; wliich is' but 
the comfort they receive in tlie relenting of the air. Bacon. 
May fat geefc with melodious voice, 
And ne’er want goo.feberries or apple-l'auce. King. 
G AGNA'NO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples, and province of Capitanata : feventeen miles ealt of 
Lelina. 
GA'GNEP, a town of Sweden, in the province of Da. 
lecarlia : fifteen miles foutli weft of Fahlun, 
GAGNI'ER (Joiin), a dillinguiihcd mafier of the ori. 
enta! languages, born and educaied at Paris. He parti- 
cuiarly applied himlelf to the lludy of Hebrew and Ara¬ 
bic, in viliich he acquired uncommon (kill. Becoming 
dillatisfied with the Roman-caihoiic religion, in which he 
had been bred, he left liis country, and came to Eng¬ 
land. Flis learning f'oon gained liim friends, among whom 
were ar'chbifhop Sharp, and lord-chancellor Macclesfield. 
He w as admitted to the degree of M. A. at Cambridge, 
and afterwards at Oxford, wiiere he fixed his lefidence 
fur the fake of confulling the Bodleian library, while he 
fupported himfelf by teaching Hebrew. I.’i 1706 he pub- 
liflied Jofe[)h Ben Gorion’s Hirtory of the Jews in the ori¬ 
ginal Hebrew, with a Latin tranflation and notes, in a 
quarto volume. He afterwards alii fled Dr. Grabe in ths 
perufal of the Arabic MSS. in tlie Bodleian library, for 
the purpofe of a conrroverfial work in which Grabe was 
engaged againft Whifton. He was appointed in 1717 to 
read the Arabic lecture at Oxford in the abfence of Dr, 
Wallis ; and upon his death, was cliofen to the jirofefror- 
fliip in his fteafi, which office he filled witli great re¬ 
putation till his death. Gagnier publifhed two valuable 
works, which have given occafion to Gibbon to term him, 
“ the bell and mofi; authentic of the guides” refpedling 
the liiflcry of Malioinet. Tfiefe are, Ifmael Abulfoda di 
Vila & Keius gcjlis Mohammedis, &c. Latine vertit, Prafati- 
one 13 Noth illujiravit, Joh. Gagnier, Oxon. 1723, folio; 
and, La Vie de Mahomet, traduite £3 compilce de PAlcoran, des 
Traditions autlientiques de la Sonna, (3 des. meilleurs Auteurs 
Arabes, Amft, 174S, three v-ols. 121110. 
G A'GO, a kingdom of Africa, with a town of the fame 
name, in Negroland. It is fertile, and abounds in corn, 
rice, mines of gold, &c. Lat. 10. N. Ion. 19. 40. E, 
Ferro. 
GA'GUIN (Robert), a French hiftorian, born at Co¬ 
lines in the diocefe of Amiens. At an early age he took 
the habit of the order of Matluirines, and went to ftudy 
in their college at Paris. He took the degree of dodtor of 
la-vvs, and foon after was made profefl'or of canon-law. In 
1473 he was eledted general of his order. His reputation 
made him known to Charles VIII. and Louis XII, w ho 
employed him in various erabafiies to Italy, Germany, 
and England. He returned with a broken conftitiiiion, 
and died at Paris in 1501. He wrote many works in profe 
and verfe. Of thefe the principal are : i. Compendiumfu.. 
per Francorum gejlis a Pkaramundo ufque ad annum 1491 ; 
1497, 4to. 2. The Chronicle of Archbifliop Turpin, 
tranftated from Latin into French by command of Charles 
VI If. 1527, 4to. 3. Epijiola & Orationes, 4to. 4. Ds 
Puritate Conceptionis Virginis Maria-, this is a poem in ele¬ 
giac verfe, by no means free from groirnefs of idea. A 
I'rench verfion of Caefiir’s Commentaries, and an indiffe¬ 
rent Roman Hiftory, are alf’o in the lift of his works. 
GA'GUL, a river of European Turkey, which runs 
into the Danube : eight miles eaft of Reiii, in Beffarabia. 
G AHN'l A, f, [So named by Forfler in honour of Hen.- 
ry 
