irr? G A 
r.iilier, 8vo. if;7i ; A Difcourfe of Chrift’s Coming, See. 
Svo. 16731; IrlfaThrolog^ite tam contemplaliva quam. aBivee, ad 
t'onn'am ScripHircg d'dineata^ Svo. 1673. 
■ GAI.E (Thomas), a learned Englifh divine, . claf- 
fica! fchola.r, critic, and .antiquary, bora at Scruton in 
Yorkihire, in 1636. i;is claflical education he received 
in Weftminfter f'chool, where he was admitted king’s- 
fcliolar, and elecled thence to Trinity college, Camhridge, 
of which he afterwards became a fellow. In 163S he took 
{'is degree of B. A. and that of M. A. in 1662. To the 
reputation which he had acquired in the Greek tongue, he 
Tvas indebted for his appointment to the regius-profeiror- 
fliip of the Greek language in that univerflty, in 1666. 
At the opening of I he Sheldonian theatre at Oxford, in 
1669, he was incorpor.ated M. A. in that univerfiiy. In 
1671 his fame was confidera'uly extended, by an accurate 
edition which he publiflied of the ancient mythological 
writerii, entitled Opufcula Mylhologica, I’khica, Phyjlca, 
Grace C 3 Lathe, Syo. with notes, various readings, &c. 
In 1672, he was chofen liead-niaQer of St. Paul’s fchool, 
in London, over which he prelided for five-and-twenty 
years, difeharging with great fidelity and reputation the 
duties of his laborious office, and affording evidence at 
the fame time of his uncommon induflry, as well as eru¬ 
dition, by new and accurate editions of feveral valuable 
Greek authors. In 1666, he was employed by the city 
of London to write the inferiptions on the monument 
ereiTed in memory of the dreadful fire; for which fervice 
the corporation voted him a prefent of plate. In 1673 he 
took the degree of dodlor in divinity at Cambridge ; and 
in the following year was collated to a prebend in the ca¬ 
thedral church of Sr. Paul. In 1677 he was elefted a 
fellow of I he royal fociety; and in 1683, when the fociety 
refolved to have honorary fecretaries, who Would under¬ 
take the office vviiltout expefcfaiion of reward, Dr. Gale 
was chofen to that fituation, jointly with fir John Hofkins ; 
and they had for their clerk-aflillant, or under-fecretary, 
the celebrated Halley, w ho had been one of Dr. Gale’s 
moft didingiiifhed fcholarsat St. Paul’s fchool. ‘In 1697, 
Dr, Gale prefented to the library in Trinity college, Cam¬ 
bridge, a number of curious Arabic MSS. and in the 
fame year he was rewarded for his exertions in the caufe 
of literature, by being preferred to the deanery of York. 
The remainder of his life he fpent in that city, attentive 
to the prefervation and beautifying of the noble cathe¬ 
dral, and commendable for his generous hofpitality. To 
the great regret of his ntimerous friends, lie did not fur- 
vive his exaltation to this dignity quite five years, but 
died at York, in 1702, in the fixty-eiglith year of liis 
age. Befides the Colleition of Mythologifts, already 
noticed, he publilhed : i. Hijloria Poetica AntiquiScripto- 
res, Grace & iMtine, printed at Paris in 1675, Svo. 2. Rhc- 
torcs Seledli, Grace & Latinc, 1676, Svo'. 3. Jamblkus 
Chalcideufis de Myfleriis, Epiflvla Forphvrii.de eodeni Argumen- 
to, Gr. & l.at. 1678, folio. 4. Pjaiterium jnxta Exemplar 
Alexandrimnn, Gr. L 3 Eat. 1678, Svo. 3. ilcrodoti Halicar- 
vajfenjis Hijloriarum, Lib. X. See. folio : 6. An edi¬ 
tion of Cicero’s 'Works, revifed by him, and printed in 
i6Sr and 1684, in (wo volumes folio. 7. Hijioria Angli- 
catea Scriptorcs Ouinque, ex vctvjlis Coclicibvs nunc primum in 
Lucan e'd/ti, 16S7, folio. 8. Hijloria Brilaunica, Sax- 
onica;, Anglo-Daiirca, Scriplores XX. ex veluji. Cod. MSS. 
(dirt, &c. 1691, folio. The two laft-mentioi'cd publica- 
tionsare a continuation of the Reruni Anglicarum Seriptorum 
Vtierinn, tom. i. publilhed in under the direction of 
Dr. Fell, bifhop of Oxford. A/tcr the authoi’s death,..i 
volume o! his Sermons was publiflied in 1704, Svo. and 
Autonini her Entanninrum, Commentariis illujlratum Thoma 
Gale, See. with large additions, by his fon Roger Gale, 
1709,410^. 
GALE (John), a learned Englifli non-confo/mifl: divine 
of the baptifl: pcriualion, born in London in 1680- At 
levenlceu years of age he was not only accompliflied in 
the L'Jtin and Greek languages, but alfo well acquainted 
With ihe Hebrew j and he was-now lent to the univerfity 
4 
L E. 
of Leyden, to complete that literary progrefs which He- 
had fo happily begun. In this feminary he applied to 
his flndies with uncommon ardour, and in lefs than two- 
years had made fuel) rapid improvement, that he was 
honoured with the degrees of M. A . and doflor of philo- 
fophy when only nineteen years of age. The thefis wliich 
he maintained upon this occafion, De Enie, cjujque Ccmceptu, 
he publiflied, with a dedication to his father, and his two 
uncles, lir John and fir Jofeph Wolf; and it was alfo ac¬ 
companied wiih a Latin panegyric, in tefliraony of the 
author’s merit, by the famous Adrian Reland. Ftoni 
Leyden Dr. Gale went to AiiUtcrdam, where he purfued 
his theological fludies under the celebrated Limborch, 
Upon bis return to his native country, he carefully ini- 
proved himfelf in the knowledge of the oriental lan¬ 
guages ; and then undertook a critical exanrination both 
of the Old and New Teftament in their originals, com¬ 
paring his own obfervations with the remarks df the befl: 
commentators, ancient and modern, and confulting the 
diflerent ancient verfions. About this time an occafioii 
offered for the exertion of his talents in a controverfy, 
which held him out to public notice in a very confpicu- 
ous pointof view. The Rev. Mr. Wall, vicar of Shore- 
ham, having publiflied The Hiftorp' of Iiif^ant Saptifm, he 
was honoured by the thanks of the lioufc of convocation 
w hich fat in 1705, as a teftlmony to the great merit of his 
performance. This treatife was-handed to Dr. Gale by 
one of Ills friends, as perl'edtly convincing and unanfwer- 
able ; but the doiStor, after perufing it, drew up a feries 
of letters, in the years 1705 and 1706-, which, after being, 
long handed about in manufeript, were at length publifli- 
ed, under the title of Reflections on Mr. Wall’s Hiftory 
of Infant Baptifm, in feveral Letters to a Friend, 8vo, 
The merit of this performance fooii made tl>e author gene-- 
rally known and refpeCted, He was foon after chofen one 
of the minifters of the baptifl congregation in Paul’s-al ley, 
near Barbican, London ; where, as his fermons were chief¬ 
ly practical, and his voice and manner extremely pleafing,. 
he was much followed and admired by perfons of all per- 
fiiafions. Sometime after the appearance of Dr. Gale’s 
Reflections on Mt. Wall’s Hiftory, the two antagonifls 
held a perfonal conference On the fubjeCt, wliicli ended, 
asfucli conferences generally do, in each perfon retaining 
his own opinion, and a perfuafion of his advantage in the 
difpiite. Mr. Wall, however, was determined to appeal 
to the public againft the Reflections, to which he drew 
up an anfwer that was committed to the prefs in 1719, 
under the title of A Defence of the Hiftory of Infant Bap- 
tifin, &c. Svo. Dr. Gale was preparing an anfwer to this 
defence, wheii'lie was prevented by a premature death ; 
being fuddenly attacked by a fever, in 1721, which prov¬ 
ed fatal to him, when only in the forty-lecond year of his 
age. Soon after his death, four volumes of “Sermons 
upon feveral SubjeCts, by the late Reverend Dr. John 
Gale,” were given to the public, and met with fuch a re¬ 
ception as might be expeCted from the author’s known 
reputation and learning. 
GALE, a river of Ireland, in the couniy of Kerry, 
whicli, by its union with the Feal, forms the river Calhin. 
GALE,/, in botany. See Liquidambar and My- 
RICA. 
GA.'LEA,/! in antiquity, a light cafque, or helmet, 
commouiy made of brai's ; but Camillus, according to 
Plutarch, ordered thofe of his army to be made of iron, 
as the flronger metal. The lovver port of it was calleil 
buccitla, and on the top was a crefr. The '^elites wore a 
light galea, made of the fkins of wild beafls, to make 
them appear more terrific to an enemy. 
GALE'A,/. in anatomy, the amnics; fo called be. 
caule it fmrounds the foetus like a helmet. In furgery, 
it means a bandage tor the head. In botany, it is the 
upper lip of alabiated flovyer which refembles a crefl or 
helmet. A fpecies of head-ach is-fb termed by'medical 
men, ..when it furrounds the head like a helmet. 
. G.ALEA'JSO (Jofeph), a phyfician of Palermo, born 
in 
