T 
]90 G A 
prevented the return of the paroxyfms. The following 
fomentation is recommended for the piles, Src. Take of 
bniifed galls 5 fs- boiling water, ft ii. macerate them for 
an hour, and then flrain off the liquor. Tltis is aifo fer- 
viceable in the prolapfus ani, and the floor albus, applie.d 
cold. An injedfion merely aftringent is made, by adding 
two ounces of diftilled water to the fame quantity oftlie 
fomentation above, and iifed in gleets and leucorrhpea. 
Againfl the, piles alfo, th.e ointment called camphcTated 
ointment of galls has been found fet viccabie after the ufe 
of leeches, and is thus made: Incorporate Italf a dram 
of camphor with one ounce of hog’s lard, and tlien add 
two drams of galls in very fine powder. Gallsare of ex- 
tenfive ufe in preparing the black dye ; for which fee tiie 
article Dying, vol. vi. p. 162, 163.—And all'o formaking 
the bed and moft durable writing ink; for the prepara- 
tion of whicli fee the article Ink. 
ToGALI,, v.a. \qaler, Vr.'] To hurt by fretting the 
fkin.—Tyrant, I well deferv’d thy gaZ/wj cliain. Pope. 
I’ll touch my point 
With this contagion, that, if T^«/Zhiin flighlly, 
It may be death. Shakefpeare. 
To impair; to wear away,—If the rain fliould fall down 
in a coi)tii!Lial dream like a river, it would gall t he ground, 
wad) away plants by'the roots, and overthrow houfes. 
Ray. —To tcaze : to fret; to vex.—No man commits any 
(in but his confcience fmites him, and itis guilty mind is 
frequently galled with the remembrance of it. Tillotfon. 
•—To harafs; to mifehief; to keep in a date of iineafinefs. 
—In our wars againft the breiich of old, we ufed to gall 
them with our long bows, at a greater diftance than they 
could (hoot their arrows. Addifon. 
Light demi-lances.from afar they throw', 
Faden’d witii leathern thongs, to the foe. Drydcrt. 
To GALL, V, n. To fret.—T have feen you glecking 
3 .nd galling at this gentleman twice or thrice. Shakefpeare. 
. “ Touch a gall’d liorfe and he’ll winch:”—That is, 
accufe a perfon of w hat his confcience fmites him with 
being guilty of, and lie will be fenfibly touched to the 
quick. This proverb is generally applied to tliofe mo- 
rofe aiid touchy creatures, wlio cdnfider every thing that 
is faid as if defignedly levelled at them, when perhaps 
tlie perfon who is fpeaking has no fuch tiling in view. 
GALL-FLY. See Cynips, vol. v. p. 519. 
GAL'LA, an Ethiopian nation, originally dwelling, 
as Mr. Bruce fuppofes, under the line, and exercifing 
the profefiion of (heplierds,. which they dill follow. For 
a number of years they have been condanily migrating 
northwards. At fil'd they liad no liorfes ; the reafon of 
wliicli was, that the country tliey came from did not al- 
low thofe animals to breed : but as they proceeded north- 
•ward, and conquered feme of the Abyflinian provinces, 
they foon furniflied lliemfelves wfith fuch numbers, that 
they are now almoft entirely a nation of cavalry. ' On ad¬ 
vancing to the frontiers of Abyfllnia, the multitude di¬ 
vided, and pan diredled their courfe towards the Indian 
Ocean; after which, having made a ftttlement in the 
cailern p.art of the continent, tliey turned foutliward into 
the countries of B di and Dawaw, which they conquered, 
ajid fettled there in 1537. Another divifion having taken 
a wefleriy courfe, fpread themfelves along the banks of 
she Nile ; lurrounding the country of Gojam, and pafling 
eaftvv^ard behind the country of the Agows, extended 
their poireflions as far as the territories of the Gongas 
and Gafats. Since that time the Nile has been the boun- 
Giiry of their poll'eflions ; though they liave frequently 
plundered, and fometimes conquered, the Abyfiiniau pro- 
t'iiices on the otb,er fide of the river, but have never 
made any permanent fettlement in thofe parts. A third 
divifion fettled to the fouthward of tlie low' country of 
Siioa, whicli the governor of that province permitted, in 
order to form a bariier betwixt him and the territories of 
GAL 
the emperor of Abyflinia, on whont he fcarcely acknow¬ 
ledges any dependence. 
The Galla on the hills are of a brown complexion ; 
but thofe who live in the valleys are entirely black. Each 
of tlie three divifions above-mentioned has a king of its 
own ; and they have alfo a kind of nobility, from among 
wliom tlie fovereign can only be chofen : however, the 
commonalty are not excluded from rifing to the rank of 
nobles if they diftinguifli themfelves in battle. Thefe 
jiations iiave all a great veneration for a tree that grows 
plentifully in their country, called zuanzty, whicli the peo¬ 
ple are laid to adore as a god. Their aflemblies for the 
choice of a king are all held under one of thefe trees ; 
and when the fovereign is chofen, they put a bludgeon of 
this wood ill his hand by way of feeptre, and a garland 
of its blofibrns on liis head. Their principal arms are 
lances made of wood fliarpened at the end and hardened 
in tlie fire; and their fliields are compofed only of one 
Angle fold of bull’s hide, which are extremely apt to 
warp by heat, or become too foft in wet we.ither. They 
are exceedingly cruel ; and make a horrid yeil on going, 
into battle. ^ According to Mr. Bruce’s account, the wo¬ 
men are fruitful ; and fuffer fo little in chiid-bearing, that 
they do not even confine themfelves for a Tingle day after- 
delivery. They plough, fow, and reap the corn, which 
is trodden out by the cattle ; but the men have all the 
cliarge of the cattle in tlie fields. Befides the wanzey, 
they worlhip the moon and ftars at particular feafons of 
the year. 'They all believe in a refurrection ; and have 
fome faint notions of a ftate of happinel's, but no idea of 
future punifliment. Some of them, to the fouthward^ 
profefs the Mahometan religion, but thofe to the eaft and 
weft are pagans. Polygamy is allowed among tiiem ; and 
it is fingular, that among thefe people the women folicit 
their hufbands to take others to their embraces. The 
reafon of this cuftom is, fliat the men may have numerous 
families of children, who may be capablc.of defending 
them againft their enemies; as the Galla, according to 
Bruce, always fight in families, vvhether againft foreign 
enemies, or with one another. 
GAL'LA, a town of Arabia Felix: twenty-four miles 
fouth-eafl of Taas. 
GAL'LAM, a town of Africa, the capital of a king¬ 
dom of the fame name,, on the river Senegal. Lat. 14. 25, 
N. Ion. 9. 55. W. Greenwich. 
GAL'LAN, a fmall ifland on the coafi of Peru, in lat. 
14, fouth five miles north of the high land Morro Veijo, 
or Old Man’s Head ; between which ifland and the high 
land, is a moft eligible ftation to cruize for vellels bound 
for Callao, north or fouth. 
GAL'LAND (Antony), eminent for oriental know¬ 
ledge, born at Rollo in Picardy, in 1646. He received 
his early education at the college of Noyon, whence he 
was taken to be put to fome trade. But his inclination 
for literature carried him to Paris, where he purfued his 
ftudics under M. Petitpied, a do6tor of the Sorbonne, and 
afterwards at the college of Mazarin. Becoming parti, 
cuir.rly converfant with the oriental languages, he was 
engaged as a companion by M. de Ncintel in his embaffy 
to Conflantinople and the Levant, where he collefted a 
rich treafure of antiquities. Returning to Paris in 1675, 
he made acquaintance with Vaillant and other inedalifls, 
W'ith whom he made a fecond voyage to the Levant. He ' 
w'cnt thither a third time in 1679, partly at the expence 
of the French Eaft-India company, and partly at that of 
Colbert. On his return, he was employed by Thevenot, 
the king’s librarian; and after the death of d’Herbelot ’ 
he continued the publication of his Biblioth. Orientale\ 
and wrote the preface of it. He was appointed royal 
profeffor of Arabic in 1709, He died in 1715, at the age 
of fixty-nine. Of his works, none is f'o well known as 
his verfion of the Arabian tales, called the Thoufand and 
One Nights, which became a popular book throughout 
Europe. Lie piiblilhed various other pieces traiiflated, 
■ frohi 
