GAR 
taionia, near the fea coaft ; tea iriiles foiith-well of Bar. 
celona. 
GAR'RAN, /. [Erfe. It Imports tlie fame as gelding. 
The word is Rill retained in Scotland. 1 A fmall horfe ; 
a hobby. A Highland horfe, which, when brought into 
the north of England, takes the name oi'galloway .—Every 
man would be forced to provide winter-fodder for liis 
team, whereas common Riift upon grafs the year 
round. Temple. 
GAR'RAN, a river of England, whiclt runs into the 
Wye, in the county of Hereford. 
GARRES''SIO, a town of Italy, in the principality of 
Piedmont: nine miles foutli-weR of Ceva. 
GAR'RETjy. \_garite, the tower of a citadel, Fr.] 
A room on tlie liigheR floor of the houfe.—John Bull 
Rcipped from room to room ; ran up Rairs and down Rail's, 
from the kitchen to X.\\e garret. Arbuthnot. 
On earth the god of wealth was made 
Sole patron of the building trade ; 
Leaving the arts the fpacious air. 
With licence to build caRles there : 
And ’tis conceiv'd their old pretence, 
To lodge in garrets, comes from tlience. Swift. 
Rotten vvood. Not in ufe.—The colour of the Riinii\g 
part of rotten wood, by daylight, is in fome pieces 
white, and in fome pieces inclining to red, which they 
call the white and red garret. Bacon. 
GARRET DEN'NIS, an illand in the EaRern Pacific 
Ocean, about fourteen leagues in circumference, inhab¬ 
ited by blacks, who are armed with lances, bows and ar¬ 
rows, fituated to the north of New Ireland. Lat. 2. 30. 
S. Ion. 151. 25. E. Greenwich. 
GARP..ETEE'R,y‘. An inhabitant of a garret; a poor 
author. 
GAR'RICK (David), the moR diRinguiflied adlor 
on the BritiRi Rage, born at Hereford in 1716. His 
grandfather was a refugee from France, on account of 
the revocation of the edidl of Nantes. His father was a 
captain in the army, and ufually refided at Lichfield, 
where he had married the daughter of one of the vicars 
of the cathedral. David received the firR rudiments of 
education at the grammar-fehool of Lichfield. He was- 
more diRinguiflied by his fprightlinefs than by his ap¬ 
plication to literature; and he gave a very early proof 
of his paffion for the drama, by engaging his young com¬ 
panions to aft the Recruiting Officer, in which play he 
himfelf took the part of Serjeant Kite. At this time he 
was little more than eleven years of age, and the ap- 
plaufe he obtained probably made a durable impreRion 
upon his mind. As the circumRances of his father were 
narrow, it was thought proper to fend him to Lifbon 
upon the invitation of an uncle, who was a confiderable 
wine-merchant in that capital. From fome caufe, how¬ 
ever, his Ray there was very fliort; he returned to Lich¬ 
field, and again went to fchool, but the volatility of his 
temper impeded his proficiency in literature. In order 
to accelerate his improvement, he was, in his nineteenth 
year, placed under the celebrated Samuel Johnfon, who 
had then undertaken to inRru6t a few youths in the 
belles-lettres at his native city of Lichfield ; but love for 
the Rage had taken fuch firm pofleRion of the mind of 
young Garrick, that it left little room for clafllcal Ru¬ 
dies, and he was writing feenes in comedies of his own 
invention, when he fliould have been coinpofing exerci- 
fes. He muR have been able, however, by his manners 
and talents, to ingratiate himfelf with his grave tutor; 
for when Johnfon, tired of his fituation, determined to 
try his fortune in Londoin, he joined company with ins 
pupil Garrick. This era in the lives of thefe two dif. 
tinguiflied perfons was the year 173^. Garrick, by the 
recommendation of his father’s friend, Mr. Gilbert Wal- 
mefley, was fent to refide with the Rev. Mr. Cojfon, an 
eminent mathematician at RocheRer, with the intention 
of furni filing him witJi general knowledge previous to 
GAR 259 
Ills entering at tlie Temple. Though he became no great 
mathematician, or philofop'her, under the tuition of this 
perfon, he improved in the ufe of his reafoning powers, 
and fitted himfelf for the bufinefs of the world. His 
father died about this time, leaving a large family un¬ 
provided ; and his mother foon follow'cd. His Lifbon 
uncle, who died fome time before, had bequeathed him 
a thoufand pounds, and with this fum he entered into 
partnerfliip in the wine trade with his brother Peter. The 
very different difpofition of the two brothers foon cauftd 
a diffoluticn of this conneftion, and David’thenceforth 
refolved to follow his favourite plan of becoming an ac¬ 
tor by profeflion. He courted the company of Rage 
lieroes, obtained introduftions to the managers, and 
tried his pow'ers in recitation. At length he began his 
carnpaign in the fummer of 174.1, at Ipfwich, witli Git- 
fard’s company. Under the affumedname of Lyddal he 
played a variety of parts v/ith uniform fuccefs ; and Ipf¬ 
wich has the honour of firR having w'itneffed and recog- 
nifed the powers of this greateR of a6tors. 
At this period the Rages of the metropolis were but 
indifferently fupplied w'ith performers in the higher 
walks of the drama, and there was a manifeR interrup¬ 
tion in the fucceflion from the preceding generation. 
Though Garrick would have diRinguiflied himfelf at 
any time, the prefent interval was particularly favour- ■ 
able to a fudden and decided eclat. Befides the two 
principal theatres of Drury-Iane and CoVent-garden, 
there was then a houfe open in Goodinan’s-fields, of 
which Giffard was manager. At this the young Rofeius 
made his firR entrance in the metropolis, October 19, 
1741. He judicioufly chofe the part of Richard III. as 
one which would not require a dignity of perlon that he 
did not poffefs; while it would give fcope to all thole 
Rrong markings of charafter and quick changes ot paf- 
fiqn in which his principal excellence ever confiRed. 
Though his natural mode of recitation was a novelty in 
tragedy to a London audience, accuRomed to the artifi¬ 
cial tones of declamation, yet it was a novelty which, 
by favouring expreflions, produced its intended eftedf, 
and never was an audience betrayed into more liearty 
and unfeigned applaufe. The part was repeated for 
feveral fucceffive nights, and was followed by others 
both ijn tragedy and comedy ; and fuch w'as the blaze ot 
fame attending the new actor, that the eRabliflied the¬ 
atres w'ere deferred, and firings of carriages from the 
polite part of the town thronged the Rreets of tlie city. 
Nor was this the mere rage of falhion. The beR judges 
joined their approbation to the public applaufe; and 
Pope, who was induced to fee hum, pronounced his eu¬ 
logy by faying “ that he was afraid the young man 
would be fpoiled, for he would have no competitor.” 
He was Rill at Goodman’s-fields, when he appeared as 
a dramatic writer in two pieces. The Lying Valet, and 
Lethe ; the firR broad farce, the fecond a dramatic fa- 
tire. Both were well received, and Itill keep polfeflion 
of the Rage. The proprietors of the old theatres, 
alarmed at his fuccefs, threatened the manager of Good¬ 
man’s-fields with a profecution, and Fleetwood drew 
away Garrick to Drury-lane. After finifliing the winter 
feafon of 1742 there, he went over to Dublin in the lum- 
mer, where he was received with an admiration border¬ 
ing upon extravagance. He fo crowded the theatre, in 
a hot feafon, that an epidemic difeafe, which broke out 
in that capital, was called the Garrick-fever. After his 
return, lie took up fome parts of a kind entirely new to 
him, among the reR, that of Abel Drugger, in which he 
excited great furprife by baniihing from one of the molt 
lively and exprellive of countenances every veRige of 
fenfe, and putting on the Rare ofabfolute Rupidity. It 
is alferted, that by this theatrical degradation he wrought 
an unlucky cure in a young lady of fortune, who had 
fallen in love with him under the perfons of Chamont 
and Lothario. No adtor, indeed, ever more thoroughly 
adopted for the time the characters he undertook, and 
