2(52 GAR 
vices of fpeech mud carefully be avoided ; fird of all, 
1 oquacily or rruliiy. B.ay. 
GAR'RULOUS, adj.'. ^garulus, Lat.] Prattling; 
talkative : 
Old age looks out, 
Aadigarrulous recounts the feats of youth. Thomfon, 
GAR'RULOUSNESS, f. Talkativenefs, aptnefs to 
prate. Scott. 
GAR'SCH, a tov/n of Germany, in the archduchy of 
Auftria: four miles fouth-foiith-eafl of Horn. 
GAR'STANG, an ancient market-town in Lancathire, 
dittant 222 miles from I.ondon, twelve from Kirkham, and 
fiX from Eccleftdn. It was incorporated into a borough- 
town by Charles II. and is governed by a bailiff and fe- 
ven capital burgeffes, who have power to try mifde- 
sneanors committed within the borough ; but it fends 
no member to parliament. The market is on Thurfdays. 
There are three annual fairs : the firfl on Holy Thurfday, 
for cattle and hardware; the fecond fair begins the 9th 
of July, and continues the loth and i ith, for cattle, wool, 
woollen-cloth, toys, and hardware ; the third begins the 
•21 ft of November, and holds the aad and 23d, for cattle, 
liorfes, wa)ollen-doth, hardware, drc. There are feveral 
very extendve cotton manufacfories eftablifhed in the 
environs of tlie town. Garftang (lands on the great poft 
road to Carlifle and Glafgow, betwixt Prefton and Lan- 
cafter, being eleven miles from each, and is a great tho¬ 
roughfare. The river Wier bounds the eaftern fide 
of the town, which fupplies the inhabitants with plenty 
of fine water; and the river abounds with trout, chub, 
fmelts, and other fifh. By its inland navigation, it has 
communication with the rivers Merfey, D.ee, Ribble, 
(Jufe, Trent, Darvent, Severn, Humber, Thames, Avon, 
itc. and extends above five hundred miles in the counties 
of Nottinglram, York, Weftmoreland, Chelter, Stafford, 
Wkarwick, Leicefter, Oxford, Worcefter, &c. 
GAR'TACH, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Swabia, and kingdom of Wirtemberg, on a fmall river 
which runs into the Neckar; four miles and a half north- 
weft of Heilbronn. 
GAR'TAU, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
l.ower Saxony, and principality of Luneburg Zell; 
twelve miles ealt of Lueno, and forty-eight eaft-fouth- 
eaft of Luneburg. 
GARTEM'PE, a river of France, which runs into 
the Creufe, near Roche-Pofay, in the department of the 
Indreand Loire. 
GAR'TER,y. \_gardus, 'Wtlch- jar tier, Fr. fromgar, 
Welch, the binding of the knee.] A firing or ribband 
by which the flocking is held upon the leg.—^When we 
reft in our cloath.s, we loofen our garters, and other liga¬ 
tures, to give the fpirits free palfage. Ray. • 
There lay three garters, half a pair of gloves. 
And all the trophies of his former loves. ’ Pope., 
The mark of the order of the garter, the higheft order 
of Englifh knighthood : ^ 
Now by my george, my garter. 
—The george, profan’d, hath loft his holy honour; 
The garteff blemifh’d, pawn’d his knightly virtue. 
Shakefpeare. 
Among heralds, the principal king at arms. 
ORDERyt/ie Garter, a military order of knighthood, 
inftituted by Edward III. for the origin and infignalia 
ofv/hich, fee the articles Heraldry and Knight. 
To GAR'TER, v. a. To bind with a garter.—He, 
being in love, could not fee to garter his hole. Shake/. 
GAR'TERING, y. The garters, the fluff of which 
garters are made. 
GARTH, y. [as if froingfr^^. ] The bulk of the 
body meafured by the girdle. A fraa’ll clofe of land, or 
garden. A dam or weir to catch fiih. 
GARTH (fir Samuel), a phylician and poet,defeended 
GAR 
from a good family in Yorkfhire, and received his aes- 
demical education at Peterhoufe, in Cambridge, where 
he refided till he took his degree of dodlor of phyfic, in 
1691. He was admitted a fellow of tfie college of phy- 
ficians, in 1692 ; and was fo well able to make his way in 
the metropolis, as foon to Hand in the firft profeflional 
rank. He was a zealous.adherent of the whig party ; 
and his talents fdr company, and proficience in elegant 
literature, acquired him patrons among the great, and 
probably caufed him to be regarded as a valuable aux¬ 
iliary. It has not often happened'that poetical abilitie.s 
have railed a man ro medical eminence, except when ac¬ 
companied with famejuiblic proofs of profeflional know'- 
ledge. It was, ihowever, fortunate for Dr. Garth, that 
the poem which firft gave him celebrity, was upon a 
f'ubjeCf well calculated to make a phyfician popular. 
The college had'adopted a plan of a difpenfary for the 
benefit, of the poor in London, which, with the gratui¬ 
tous advice of the faculty, fliould unite the diflribution 
of medicines at a reduced price. Like many other cha¬ 
ritable inftitutions, this was better intended than it was 
judicioufly planned; and its execution met with impe¬ 
diments not only from the company of apothecaries, 
wliofe intereft was immediately concerned, but from 
fome members of the college of phyficians itfelf. A 
fchifm, in confequence, arofe in that body; and Dr. 
Garth, being of the number w'ho fupported the charity, 
thought the caufe a proper one to employ his wit and 
poetry, as well as his profeffional influence. His mock- 
heroic poem, entitled The Difpenfary, was firft pub- 
lilhed in 1699, and, both as a fatire and a poem, was 
generally read and admired. It prefently went through 
three editions, was fuccefllvely improved and correCied 
by the author, and has fince become part of the durable 
flock of Englifh poetry. In 1697 he pronounced and 
printed the Harveian Oration, which has been much 
praifed as a piece of Latin oratory. It feems, however, 
to fland little diftinguifhed among thofe pieces of anni- 
verfary rhetoric. Dr. Garth, in 1701, meritorioufly 
difplayed his liberality and refpecl for literary eminence, 
by taking an adtive part in the funeral of Dryden, over 
whofe remains he (poke a Latin panegyrical oration. 
He was, indeed, though a party man, ready to do good 
offices to men of merit, of oppofite principles. Hence 
he vvas an early encourager of Pope, who has recorded 
his kindnefs, with an epithet charafteriftic of him : 
‘‘ Well-natured Garth would tell me I could write.” 
He had too much honour to defert his patrons when 
out of power, and did himfelf credit by a copy of verfes 
addrefled to lord Godolphin, on his difmiffion, in 1710. 
Thefe were criticifed in the true party ftyle, in a paper 
of the Examiner, and were defended by Addifon. He 
alfo lamented the exile of the duke of Marlborough, in 
fome complimentary lines. He difplayed his attach¬ 
ment to tlie houfe of Hanover, by an elegant Latin de¬ 
dication of an intended edition of Lucretius to the elec¬ 
tor (afterwards George I.) in 1711. Upon theaccefllon 
of that prince, his zeal was rewarded by the honour of 
knighthood, which he had the fatisfadlion of receiving 
from the fword of his hero, Marlborough, He was alfo 
appointed phyfician in ordinary to the king, and phyfi- 
cian-general to the army. In the height of reputation 
both medical and literary he died, after a fliort illnefs, 
in June, 1718-9, and was interred at Harrow in Middle- 
fex. If his profeffional celebrity may be eflimated by 
fome lines of lord Landfdown’s on his ficknefs, it muft 
have been high indeed, for ” his danger is faid to be the 
danger of mankind.” Yet his name is unknown in me¬ 
dical hiftory, as the author of one Angle improvement or 
obfervation in his art! One of Garth’s laft literary talks 
was an edition of Ovid’s Metamorphofes, tranflated by 
feveral hands. To this he prefixed a preface, which is 
no favourable fpecimen of his critical abilities. 
GARTH'MANjy. A perfon employed to catch fifh 
by 
4 
