€ 
GAS 
ty means of fifli-garths, or weirs. By flalule it is or- 
dained, that no filher, nor garlliman, lhail ufe any nets 
or engines to deilroy the fry of fifh, See. 17 Rick. II. c. 9. 
The word is derived from the Scotch gart, which iigni- 
fies forced QY compelled •, becaufe fifli are forced by the weir 
to pafs in a loop, where they are taken. 
GARTZ, a town of Pomerania, in the illand of Ru- 
gen, built on the fpot on which formerly flood a power¬ 
ful city, called Carenz, wliichwas deflroyed by the dukes 
of Pomerania, in the 12th century. 
GARTZ, a town of PrulFian Pomerania, in the prin¬ 
cipality of Stettin, fituated on the Oder. Lat. 53. 13. N. 
Ipn. 34. 45. E. Ferro. 
GARVA'O, a town of Portugal, on the fouth fide of 
the Tagus, in the province of Alentcjo: twelve miles 
eaftof Abrantes. 
GARVA'O, a town of Portugal, in the province of 
Alentejo : two leagues weft of Ourique. 
GAR'VELACH, a fmall illand near the weft coaft of 
Scotland, in the county of Argyle : eight miles fouth- 
caft from Mull Ifland. 
GAR'VILANS, a fmall illand on the north coaft of 
Ireland, in the county of Donegal : about twm miles 
eaft-fouth-eaft from Malin Head. 
GAR'VIS, a fmall ifland of Scotland, in the Frith of 
Forth : five miles foulli of Dumfermline. 
GA'RUM, y. The brine or pickle in which fifii are 
preferved. See Garon. 
GARUM'NA, in ancient geography, a river of Gaul, 
now called Garonne, riling in the Pyrenean mountains, 
and feparating Gallia Celtica from Aquitania. It falls 
into the bay ot Bifcay, and has, by the perfevering labours 
of Louis XIV. of France, a communication with the 
Mediterranean by the canal of Languedoc, carried up- 
wardsofone hundred miles through hills, andovervallies, 
GARWO'LIN, a towm of Poland, in the palatinate 
of Mafovia ; twelve miles fouth-eaft of Czerlk. 
GARZ, a town of Germany, in Anterior Pomera¬ 
nia, on the Oder: fiirrounded with wallsin 1258 : thirty- 
fix miles north of Cuftrin, fifty-three north-eaft of Ber. 
lin, and fourteen fouth of Old Stettin. 
GAR'ZI (Lodovico), an eminent painter, born at 
Piftoia (or at Rome) in 1640. He w'as lent at the age 
of fifteen to the fchool of Andrea Sacchi, and became the 
favourite pupil of that mailer. He acquired a profici¬ 
ency in every part of his art, and his reputation extend¬ 
ed throughout Italy. After having executed feveral 
public works at Rome, he was fent for to Naples in or- 
tier to paint the cupola of the church of St. Catharine, 
at Formello. His fuccefs in this work caufed him to be 
employed in the palace of the viceroy ; and he received 
great offers to induce him to fettle in Naples, but pre¬ 
ferred returning to Rome. His chief works are in the 
churches of that city, and they are numerous. In point 
of invention and colouring, he had few fuperiors. He 
■drew correftly, and particularly excelled in groups of 
boys and angels. He has, however, lefs grace in the 
airs of his heads than Carlo Maratti, who was his fel¬ 
low-pupil, and whom in general he much refembled in 
ftyle of painting. Garzi’s induftry was unremitted, and 
old age did not caufe him to difeontinue his labours. 
At the age of fourfeore he engaged to paint the cupola 
of the church Degli Stigmati, and fucceeded fb well in 
it, that it is reckoned his beft performance. The effort, 
however, exhaufted him, and he died in 1721. 
GAR'ZIS, a town of Africa, in the kingdom of Fez, 
furrounded with walls, the houfes built with black ftone, 
fituated in a fertile country: fifty-fix miles fouth of 
Melilla. 
GAS or Gaz, [from gafeht. Germ, an eruption of 
wind.3 Any matter fubtilifed by heat into an elaftic 
aeriform ftate.— For the formation and properties of the 
dift'erent gafes, fee tlie article Chemistry, vol. iv. 
p. J93, 202, 210, See. 
GAS'BORN, a town of Sweden, in the province of 
4 
GAS aO'.'J 
Warmeland ; forty-three miles north-north-eaft of Carl- 
ftadt. 
GASCOI'GNE (fir William), chief juftice of tlie 
court of king’s bench under Henry IV. A moft learned 
and upright judge : who being infulted on the bench, by' 
the then prince of Wales, afterwards Henry V. with 
equal intrepidity and coolnefs committed the prince to 
prifon; and by this feafonable fortitude laid the foun¬ 
dation of tlie future glory of that great monarch, who 
from tliis event dated his reformation from thy licenti- 
oufnefs of his youth. It is not well authenticated that 
the prince ftruck fir William, as recorded by Shakef- 
peare ; but all authors agree, tirat he endeavoured to in¬ 
terrupt the courfe of juftice, in order to fereen a worth- 
lefs dependant. Sir William died in 1413. 
GASCOI'GNE (George), an Englifli poet of fome 
fame in tlie reign of queen Elizabeth, born at Waltham- 
ftow in Eifex, of an ancient family, and educated at 
Cambridge. From thence he removed to Gray’s Inn, 
and commenced lludent in the law ; but poflelfing a ge¬ 
nius too volatile for that ftudy, he travelled abroad, and 
for fome time ferved in the army in the Low Countries. 
He afterwards went to France; where he became ena¬ 
moured of a Scottifti lady, and married her. Being at 
length, fays W'ood, weary of thofe vanities, he returned 
to England ; and fettled once more in Gray’s Inn, where 
he wrote moft of his dramatic and other poems. The 
latter part of his life he fpent in his native village of 
Walthamftow, where he died, in 1578. He had the 
charaiSler of a polite gentleman, an eloquent and witty 
companion, et vir interpoetasfui feculiprajlantijjimus. His 
plays, firft printed feparately, were afterwards, with 
feveral other poems. Sec. re-printed in two volumes, 4t0. 
the firft volume in 1577, the fecond in 1587. 
GAS'COIN,y'. The hinder thigh of a horfe, whichbe- 
gins at the ftifle, and reaches to the bending of the ham. 
GASCONA'DE, f. [French, from Gojeon, a nation 
eminent for boafting. ] A boaft ; a bravado.—Was it a 
gafeonade to pleafe me, that you faid your fortune was 
increafed to one hundred a-year fince I left you ? Swift. 
, To GASCONA'DE, v.n. To boaft; to brag; to 
blufter. 
GAS'CONY, before the revolution, a confiderable, 
province of France, fituated between the Garonne, the 
fea, and the Pyrenees. Sometimes, but improperly, un¬ 
der the name of Gafeony, Languedoc and the whole of 
Guienne were included. The Gafeons have a great deal 
of fpirit; but their exaggeration in deferibing their ex¬ 
ploits, has made the term Gafeonade proverbial. The 
Gafeons who dwell near the Pyrenees, are originally 
from Spain. 
GASCOON', yi A native of Gafeony. Scott. 
GASCUE'NA, a town of Spain, in the province of 
New Caftile : thirty miles weft-north-weft ot Cuenca. 
GAS'ERA, a city of Palelline, where Judas Macca¬ 
beus finally overcame Nicanor; a day’s journey from 
Adafa. i Macc. vii. 45. 
To GASH, v.a. [from backer, Fr. to cut. Skinner. 
To cut deep fo as to make a gaping wound ; to cut witj;i 
a blunt inftrument fo as to make the wound wide.—Wit 
is a keen inftrument, and every one can cut and gapt with 
it: but to carve a beautiful image requires art. Tillotfon. 
Streaming with blood, all over gafh'd with wounds. 
He reel’d, he groan’d, and at the altar fell. Phillips. 
GASH, y; A deep and wide wound.—Hamiltondrove 
Newton almoft to the end of the lifts : but Newton on a 
fudden gave him fuch a gajh on the leg, that therewith 
he fell to the ground. Hayward. 
But th’ ethereal fubftance clos’d. 
Not long divifible ; and from the gafk 
A ftream of netftarous humour ilTuing flow’d. Milton. 
The mark of a wound .—1 was fond of back-fword and 
cudgel play, and I now bear in my body many a black 
and blue gcfi and fear. Arbuibnot. 
GAS'KET^ 
