fJ80 <3- A D 
archducliy of Auftria : nine rmiles-vveft Oi Ziftei'zcori, 
and fixteen north-norUi-eaft of. Vienna. 
GAUN'LESSE, a river of England, in the comity of 
■ Durham, rvhlch runs into tlie Wear, at Bifliops Auckland. 
GAUNT, adj. £as if gewant, from ^epanian, Sax. to 
lefl'en.] Thin; {lender; lean; meagre: 
Two maftiffs, gaunt and grim, her flight purfu’d. 
And oft their faften'd fangs in blood embru’d. Drydm. 
GAUNT'LY, adw. Leanly; flenderly ; meagerly. 
GAUNT'LET, f. \_gantelet, Fr.] An iron glove for¬ 
merly ufed for defence, and thrown down in challenges. 
It is fometimes in poetry ufed for the ceflvs, or boxing 
glove.—A fcaly now, with joints of fteel. Shake/p. 
Feel but the difference, foft and rough ; 
This a gauiitkt,'\.]xa.t a muff'. Cleaveland. 
GAVOT', y. \_gavotte,Yr.'\ A kind of dance.—The 
difpolition in a fiddle to play tunes in preludes, fara- 
bands, jigs, and gavots, are real qualities in the inftru- 
ment. Arhuthnot. 
GAUPP (John), a German lutheran divine, and able 
mathematician, the fon of a rich tradefman at Lindau, 
in Swabia, where he was born, in 1667. The early part 
of his education he received at his native place, whence 
he was fent to Ulm in 1682. Three years afterwards he 
removed to the univerlity of Jena, where he took the 
degree of mafter of arts. Having in that place cori- 
tradted an acquaintance with John Andrew Schmid, he 
received from him a ftrong bias in favour of mathema¬ 
tical ftudies, and made confiderable progrefs in them 
under his inftrudfions. Afterwards he fpent fome time 
in different German univeiTities, improving himfelf in 
theology and the mathematics ; and then vifited Am- 
fterdam and London, whence he returned to his native 
town. In 1693 he was admitted to the office of themi- 
niftry, in which lie rofe to the ffation of firft paftor of 
Lindau, about the year 1728. That part of his time 
which was not necefTarily devoted to the duties of his 
profeffion, he employed in mathematical purfuits, par¬ 
ticularly in the ftudy of aftronomy and gnomonics. On 
Ihefe fubjects he delivered lectures to a number of 
young perfons, and maintained a correfpondence with 
the moft learned mathematicians of his time. His Ephe- 
merides, and Ob/ervations, were very favourably re¬ 
ceived by the royal academies of iciences at Paris and 
Berlin, and feveral of them are inlerted in the Memoirs 
of thofe learned bodies. Many of the inftruments 
which he made ufe of were conftrudfed by himfelf, and 
he had begun the eredlion of an obfervatory, when death 
terminated his labours in 1738, at which time he had 
reached the feventy-firft year of his age. He was the 
author of Gnomonica Mechanica Univerfalis, 1708, 4to. va- 
. rious calendars, and delcriptions of eclipies ; fermons ; 
and treatifes on the fubjedt of finding Ealier according 
to the Gregorian computation. 
GAUR, a country of Afia, fituated betv/een Balk 
and Candahar, with a town of the fame name; 125 
miles .north-north-weft of Candahar, and 150 eaft of 
Herat. 
GAUP.., f. A Perfian prieft.—The comparifon be¬ 
tween the Bramins and the Perfian gaurs, who pretend 
to be the difciples and .fuccefl'ors of the ancient magi, 
the .followers ,of Zoroafter, may be thought worth a 
learned difquifition. :Gutkrk. 
GAU'RA) a town of Peru, in the jurifdidlion of 
Chanyay, containing about two hundred hoiifes and two 
churches, fituated in a fertile country, and watered by a 
river of the fame name.; its chief commerce confifts in 
fait and fait beef. 
GAU'RA,y. [from yarpu;, Gr. proud.] In .botany, 
a genus of theclafs odiandria, order monogynia, natural 
.order cal^ycanthenifE, (onagra;, JvJf.) The generic cha- 
-radlers are—Calyx : perianthium one-leafed, fuperior, 
deciduous ; tube cy^lindAtc., long, thicker at the bale, 
G A U 
containing four oblong glands growing to it; border 
four-cleft; divifions oblong, acute, reflex. Corolla; 
petals four, oblong, rifing towards the upper lip, equal, 
with nanoiv claws, placed on the tube of the caly.x. 
Stamina : filaments eight, filiform, broader at the top, 
ffraight, fliorter than the corolla : a nedtareous gland of 
a conical form within the bale of each ; antherae ob¬ 
long, verfatilc. Piftilluni: germ oblong, inferior, four- 
celled, many-feeded ; the feeds fixed to a columnar re¬ 
ceptacle ; ffyle filiform, length of the ffamens ; ffigma.s 
four, columnar, ovate, fpreading. Pericarpium ; drupe 
ovate, four-cornered, the corners flatted ; often witli 
one cell only, and one feed, with the veffiges of the par¬ 
titions and the abortive feeds. Seed: nut with one 
feed, oblong, angular, of a yellowifh-bay colour, with 
a brown callus at the bafe .—EJfential CharaBcr. Calyx 
four-cleft, tubulous; corolla four-petalled, rifing to¬ 
wards the upper fide; nut inferior, one-feeded, four- 
cornered. 
Gaura biennis, or biennial gaura, a fingle fpecies. 
Stem four or five feet high, fendingout feveral branches.; 
leaves oblong, fmooth, pale-green, fitting pretty clofe.; 
flowers in clofe tufts at the ends of the branches, pale 
rofe-coloured ; appearing in September, and when the 
autumn proves favourable, ripening the feeds towards 
the end of Odtober. Gaura agrees with 'Spathelia and 
Nitraria in having the (hell of the fruit valved at the 
end. If there be only one feed, then it is oblong, and 
much acuminated ; but Linnaeus was rniftaken in fup- 
pofing this to be the natural number. Native of Vir¬ 
ginia and Pennfylvania. If the feeds are fown on an 
op,en border foon after they are ripe, they will more cer¬ 
tainly fucceed than when they are ibwn in the fpring. 
When the plants come up, keep them clean from weeds, 
and thin them if they are too clofe ; tranfplant them 
in autumn where they are to ftand, and fupport the 
branches to prevent the autumnal winds from breaking 
them. See Combretum and Guarea. 
GAVRAY', a town of France, in the department of 
the Channel, and chief place of a canton, in the diffricl 
of Coutances: four leagues and a quarter north of 
Avranches, and three fouth of Coutances. 
GAU'RICO (Luca), an altronoiner, equally famous 
.for the ancient fcience of aftrology, born in 1475, at Gi- 
funi in the kingdom of Naples. He became eminent for 
aftronomical knowledge, and after Jia.ving for fome time 
taught that fcience at Naples, he was appointed profefl'or 
in it at Ferrara, in 1307 ; at which time alfohe pradtifed 
judicial aftrology, and began to diftinguifli himfelf by 
bold predidlions. One of thefe co{Lhim dear ; for hav¬ 
ing foretold that John Bentivoglio would lofe his fove- 
reignty of Bologna, he was imprifoned by him, and re¬ 
ceived five violent fhocks from a cord tied to his arm, 
while he was fucceliively let fall from a confiderable 
height. He then removed to Venice, and thence to 
>Rome in 1535. -Pope Paul III. who was a believer in 
aftrology, conferred upon him, in 1,545, the bifliopric of 
Civita in Naples, with a liberal penfion .; but he refigned 
his epifcopal office in 1550, and returned to Rome, 
.where he quietly puriued his aftronomical ftudies. He 
died in 1558, in his eighty-third year. The works of 
Gaurico were publifhed colledlLvely at Bafil in three 
volumes, folio, 1575. 
GAU'RICO (Pomponid), brother of the preceding, 
a learned profefl'or in the univerfity of Naples, and pre¬ 
ceptor of Ferrante Sanfeverino, prince of Salerno. He 
acquired .reputation by his Latin poems, confilling of 
eclogues, elegies, and epigrams, which are accounted to 
difplay a poetical genius, though fomewhat loofe in 
their ffyle. .He al(b publilhed the lives of the Greek 
poets, and feveral treatifes in arclikeiSure and phyfiog- 
Tomy, He publiffied fome elegies under the name of 
Cornelius Galliis, but they were ,foon detected as fpu- 
rious. His end was unfortunate ; for having fet out 
on a journey in 1530., on road from Sorrento to 
