letters, orations, homilies, theological differtations, 
controverlial tracls. See. which ftill remain in mami- 
feript in diiFerent public libraries. 
GENNA'DIUS, an ecclefialtical writer who flouriflied 
tow'ards the clofe of the fifth century, was a native of 
Gaul, and became a priefl: of Marfeilles, and not bilhop 
of that city as fome v,-liters have maintained. Both an¬ 
cients and moderns liave differed widely in their judg¬ 
ments concerning his doctrines. This, at leafl, is cer¬ 
tain, that he controverted the opinions of St. Auguftine 
oji the fubjeitsof grace and predellination, in which he 
concurred with the learned Fauflus bilhop of Riez. 
From a catalogue given of his works, it appears, that 
he had written eight books againfl: all the herefies, fix 
books againll Neftorius, three books againlt Pelagius, 
an-'i a treatife concerning tlie Millennium and the book 
of Revelation, whicli are no longer extant. The only 
remains of this author whiclt have reached our times 
arc, a treatife Dc Viris illujlribus, which is a continuation 
of St. Jerome’s Catalogue of Ecclefiallical Writers, 
from 392 to 395, and has been printed with it at different 
times; and a treatife De Fide, feu de Dogniatibus Ecdfmficis 
Liber ad Gelafum Papam miffiis. The lall-mcntioned work 
was for a long time attributed to St. Augulline, and was 
generally inferted in the editions of his works. It was 
ieparately printed with tlie learned notes of Elmonhor- 
ffius at Haniburgli, in 1614, 4to. Of tlie time of the au¬ 
thor’s death notliing is known witli any certainty, ex¬ 
cepting that it did not take place before tiie year 395. 
Id is learning appears to have keen very refpeCtable, and 
the flyle of his writings is-fiinple, pcrfpicuous, and ele¬ 
gant. There is a Life of St. Jerome, in tlie fourth vo- 
luine of Mabillon’s Vetera AnalcEla, whicii that father 
afcribes'to this author. 
GEN'NE, a>town of France, in the department of the 
Mayne and Loire, and chief place of a canton, in the 
di-ftridl; of Saumur, near the Loire : three leagues north- 
weli of Saumur. 
GEN'NEP, a town of Germany, in the circle of Weft- 
phalia, and duchy of Clevcs, fituatedon the Niers, near 
the Meufe. It contains a church for Roman Catholics, 
and another for Proteffants : nine miles fouth-fouth-wefl 
ofCLves. Lat.-51.43. N. Ion. 23. 28. E. Ferro. 
GEN'NEPER-MUYS, a town of Germany, in the 
circle of Wellphalia, and duchy of Cleves : nine miles 
Ibuth-fouth-wefi: of Cleves. 
GEN'NES, a town of France, in the department of 
the Ille and Vilaine, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftridi: ol La Guerche: five miles nortli-ealt of La 
Guerche. 
GENNES'ARET, land of. See Gadarenes. 
GENNES'ARETH, lake of, or Genassar water. 
See Galilee, fea of. 
GEN OA, an ancient and refpedtable ftateor province 
of Italy; bounded on the north by Piedmont, the Mi- 
lenefe, and the Parmel'an, on the call by Tufeany, on 
the fouth by the Mediterranean fea, and ort the w-eft by 
the county of Nice; about 120 miles in length, but 
fcarcely in any part more than twenty in breadth. The 
country is mountainous, and part of it covered with 
barren rocks, w hich lerve for its defence. Some of the 
mountains are covered with wood, and fome yield good 
pallure. There is not an adequate portion of arable 
land, fo that the inhabitants arc obliged to puichafe 
great part of their corn from Naples, Sicily, and other 
places; however, they carefully cultivate everyplace 
they can, and throughout the year they are fupplied 
with excellent legumes and vegetables for the table. 
They make a conliderable quantity of wine, and have 
abundance of excellent fruit, efpecially citrons, oranges, 
pomegranates, almonds, and figs. A great number of 
mulberry trees are railed to feed filk-worms, and olives 
grow in great plenty, erpecially round the Gulf of Spez- 
zia. Salt is produced fufficient for exportation. A 
great number of fmall rivers run from |he mountains, 
VoL, VIII. No. 506. 
but none worthy of any other name tlian brooks. The 
inhabitants are Roman catholics, and fubmit to the 
tribunal of inquifition. The protefiants, who dw^ell in 
the towns, are not beloved, but are futfered by the ma- 
giftrates to live in peace. The manufafitures are not 
fo flourifliii\2' as they formerly were; the molt confider- 
able are velvet, plufii, damalk, diflerent kinds of lilk, 
for w'hich they purchafe a great deal of raw lilk from 
Medina and other places; gold and filver Ituffs, lace, 
gloves, dockings, ribbons, foap, paper to imitate the 
Indian, &c. Otlier articles of commerce are oil, fruit, 
macaroni, confeblionary, Parmefan cheefe, anchovies, 
See. The manufadlures of the Genoefe are greatly re¬ 
duced : too great a price being paid for the articles 
which they manufacture, and ilie infccurity of their 
ports, contribute greatly to enfeeble their commerce. 
Genoa has been forages pall declared a free port; but 
then Leghorn is' likewife a free port with ftill greater 
liberty. The banking bulinefs in Genoa is very con- 
liderable, and the bankers are elteemed the richeft in 
Europe. 
The city of Genoa was formerly the capital of Li¬ 
guria; whence its fubfequent temporary title of Ligurian 
"Republic. It was deftroyed by the Carthaginians, and 
rebuilt by the Romans, whofe ally it became, and whofe 
fortune it followed. It fell under the power of the 
Oftrogoths, from whom it was taken by Belifarius. In 
670, it was lacked by the Lombards, under whofe power 
it remained till they were expelled from Italy by Char¬ 
lemagne. It was for foitie time under the German em¬ 
pire, but by degrees erected itfelf into an independent 
date; Its power loon after fo increafed by its flou- 
rilhing trade, that, in S06, it reduced tb.e ifland ot Cor- 
lica, and, in the iith and 12th centuries, diftinguiihed 
itfelf in the crufades. 
I'he Genoefe, in the 12th century, fubjeCted the half 
of Sardinia and the city of Syracufe, with its dependen¬ 
cies, to their dominion, and even made themfelves 
mailers of the Black Sea and all its ports, and fettled 
themfelves in the Crimea. In the 13th century, they 
added to their conquefts the towns of Albengo, Savona, 
'Vintimiglia, and others in'their neighbourhood ; and for 
the fuperiority of the fea, engaged in a long and trou- 
hlefome war with Venice, which lafted till the year 1381. 
By it they were extremely weakened, and rendered un¬ 
able to maintain their poirefiion of the Crimea, from 
which they were entirely driven in 1471. In the fix- 
teenth century, their republic and liberty fufi'ered many 
rude fliocks ; and the inteftine diffenfions about the form 
of government fo debilitated the ftate, that they were 
obliged to put themfelves fometimes under the pro¬ 
tection of the dukes of Milan, and fometimes under the 
kings of France : but the latter treating them with in¬ 
tolerable haughtinefs and rigour, they Itruggled hard, 
but unfuccefsfully, for liberty, till that naval hero, 
Andrew Doria, in 1528, refeued his country out of the 
hands of their tyrannical mailers, fettled it in perfedb 
freedom, and eftablifiied its independent conllitution. 
See the biographical account of Do ria, vol. vi. p. 25. 
—After that period Genoa generally fided with Spain, 
which frequently involved it in quarrels with France : 
and it alfo had a dangerous neighbour in the dukes of 
Savoy. In 1684, it was cruelly bombarded by the 
French, and to lave itlelf from total deltrucftion, was 
obliged to fubmit to very hard terms; two of which 
W'.ere, that the doge or duke, with four of the counfel- 
lors, fliould appear in perl'on at Verfailles, and alk par¬ 
don ; and that the ftate ftiould difarm all their gallics to 
fix, with a promife not to fit out more without the 
knowledge and confent of the French king. 
In the year 1713, Charles VI. fold the marquifate of 
Finale to the republic of Genoa for a confiderable fum 
of money. In 1743, the queen of Hungary having, at 
the treaty ofWorms, ceded to the king of Sardinia all 
her rights to the town and marquifate of Finale, and 
4, (,) demanding 
