GEOGRAPHY. 
reduced by Caefarin Gaul.-r5c«0/'2/’i, the Senonois ; chief 
cities, Agendkum or Scnoncs, Sens ; Melodiinum, Mcliin.— 
Parijii, the I fie of France : chief city, Lulelia or Lvcotclia, 
Paris_ Carnutcs, the Chartrain, part of Orleannois; 
chief cities, Autritum or Carnutum, Chartres ; Genab’m, 
Gien, or perhaps Orleans.— Turones, Touraine : chief 
city, Ccefarodunum or Turonica, Tours .—Andes or Andcgnvi, 
inhabiting Anjou : cliief city, Juliomagus, Angers.— A'an- 
netes, inhabiting Nantois : chief city, Condivktium, Nantes. 
— Veneti, the country near Vannes cliicf town, Venctica, 
Vannes— Curivfolitx, inhabiting the country about Quim- 
percorantin : chief town, Vendona Pertus, Blavet.— 
mii, Ofifmer : chief city, Brivates, Bvefl.— Rhcdoncs, the 
people about Rennes, Dol, and St. Maloes : chief 
towns, Condate, Rennes ; Aletum, now in ruins near St. 
Maloes.— Abrincata, who fucceeded the Amhihari in the 
country about Avranches : chief town, Ingena, Avran- 
ches.— Unelli, the Coutantin; chief towns, Alauna, Cher- 
burg; Cofedea, Coutanae.— Lexovit, inltabiting the coun¬ 
try about Noviomagus, Lifieux. 
The country along tlie coalf from the Liger to the 
Sequana, was, in a fubfequent period, called Anrwrica. 
The iflands on this coaft, befides Riduna, Sarnia, and 
Cdsfarea, Alderney, Guernfey, and jerfey, wliich belong 
to Britain, were: Uxantes, Ufliant ; Venetorum InJ'nla, 
Belleifle, Quiberon, &c. Gobamm Prom. Cape St. Mahe. 
Gallia Bei.gica, was bounded, according to Au- 
guftus’s divifion, by the Marne, Seine, Ocean, Rhine, 
Arar, and Rhone. It included part of Picardy and of 
the Me of France, Champagne, tlie Low Countries, 
Germany to the weft of the Rhine, Alface, Lorrain, 
Franche Comte, part of Burgundy, and Swifferland. 
This part of Gaul, if we include in it the Hdvetii and 
Sequani, contained twenty-three different ftates. 
The chief of thefe ftates were the Hdvetii, inhabiting 
Swifferland. The Heivetii were divided into nine dif-. 
ferent parts, viz. 'Tigurinus Pagns, the country of Zu¬ 
rich, Appenzil, and Rinthal : chief town, Tigurum, Zu-, 
rich. Here was Laens Brigantiiius or Venetus, the Lake of 
Conftance.— Tvgenvs Pagus, the country of Zug, Schwitz, 
Claris, Uri: cltief towns, Zug; Aqua Helvetia:, 
Baden.— Ambronicus Pagus, part of Friburg, Berne, Un- 
derwald, Lucern, and Solothurn : chief towns, Vindones, 
Windilch ; Salodurum, SoloMurn.—Urbigenus Pagus, Netif- 
chatel, part of Friburg, and the Pays de Vaud; chief 
towns, Aventicum, Avanches ; Urba, Orbe ; Colonia Equ f- 
tris or Novioduman, Nyon. Thefe lay between the Lakes 
of Geneva and Conftance.— Nantuates, the lower part of 
the Pays de Vaud: chief town, BibiJ'cus, Vevdy.—Rau- 
rad, inhabiting the canton of Bade: .chief town, Arial- 
bimim or Bafdea, Bade.—The Veragri-, the Seduni-, and 
the Lalobrigi ; inhabited OElodurus Veragrorum, Martigni; 
and Sedunum, Sion.. 
The Sequani, inhabited Franche Comte, and were fe- 
parated from the Hdvetii by Jura Mans, Mount Jura: 
chief town, Bijontio or Vifontio, Befan^on.—The Lingones, 
inhabited- Lingones or Andomalunum, Langres : the Lend, 
Verodunum,HerAwn : the Triboed, Argentoratmn, Straftnirg : 
the Nemetes, Noviomagus, Spire : the Vangiones,.Vangioncs or 
Borgetomagus, Worms ; and Maguntiacum- Mentz. 
'File Treviri inhabited Augujla Trevirorum, Treves or 
Triers; and Comjlucntrs, Cqblentz. The Mediomatrid, 
had their chief towns, Divodurum, Metz ; and Totonis Villa, 
Thionville. The Rliemi, inhabited Durocortorum, Rheims; 
Bibrax, BraSinf, a.r\A Catalaimum or Duro-Catdlauni, Cha¬ 
lons. The SuJp,oiies, IvaA Atigujla Sur/fionum, So'iiVorss •, and 
Noviomagus, Noyon. The BdlovadciSylvaneEles, inliabited 
Cajaromagus or Brntufpanlium, Beauvais; and Augvjlomagus, 
Senlis. The Velocajfcs et Calctes, inhabited Upper Nor¬ 
mandy : their chief towns were, Rotomagus, Rouen ; Ca. 
rocotinum, FJavre de Grace; and Juliobona, Lidebonne, 
perhaps Dieppe. The Ambiani, inhabited Samarobriva, 
Amiens. The Veromandui, Vermandois, Irad Augujla Ve- 
romanduorum, St. Quentin. The Airebates, Artois, had 
Nemetacum, Arras. 
VoL. Vm. No. 510. 
B7S 
The Morini, inhabited Picardy; their chief towns 
were, Teruanna, Terouenue ; Gefforiacum, Boulogne fur 
Mer; ariA kdus Portvs, Gravelines, or.Calais, or Mar- 
dike; fuppofed, however, by Ibme to have been tlie 
fame with Gefforiacum.—The Neriii, inhabited Uai- 
nault: their chief tow'as, were, Bagacim, Bavay; Valcn- 
iiniancs, Valenciennes ; Pens Scaldis, Conde ; tamaracum, 
Cambi'ay.—The Sunict, inhabited Limburg and part of 
Juliers.—The IJbii, Cologne, and part of Juliers: their 
chief towns were, Colonia Agrippina, Cologne ; Ara Ubi- 
orum, Bonna or Julia. Bonna, Bonne ; and Nuvefiwn, Nuys. 
—The Aduatici, Tungri, Germani, Efircncs, inhabited Na¬ 
mur, and part of Brabant : their chief towns were, 
Atuatica, Tongeren; Eons Tungrorun:, Spa; and Gemini- 
acum, Gemblours. 
The Mcnapii, inhabited part of Flanders, Brabant, 
Cleves, and Juliers, incliiding the Gugerni or Sicambri. 
CaJldlum Menapiorum, Kedel ; AJdburgum, Afburg; Cola- 
nia Trajani. —'Fhe Toxandri, inhabited Zealand ; and oc¬ 
cupied Helium CaJldlum, the Brill ; Medioburgum or Mattd 
arum, Middleburg ; and Batavi, part of Holland :tnci 
Gelderland; Batavodurmn, Battenburg; Lugdvnum Bata- 
vorum,. Leyden; Noviomagus, Nimeguen; and Arenacutn, 
Arnheim. 
In this diftrift w'cre tlie Rhine, and its months; 
Vahalis, the Vahal ; Alveus Civllis, tlie Lech ; Sala or IJJ'ala, 
the lilel ; MaJ'a, the hlaefe or Meufe. 
Sylva Arduenna, the f'ereft of Ardenne, extended from 
the Rliine through the country of the Treviri, towards 
the Rlieml louthwards, and Nervii northwards, about two 
hundred and fifty miles in lengtli, and one hundred in 
breadth. 
The Gallic fide of the Rhine, having been occupied 
by various tribes of Germans, was called Germania CiJ'~ 
rkenana .—Neque enim conferendum effe Gallicum cum 
Germanoru-m agro, neque hanc confuetudinem viCtiis 
cum ilia comparandam. Ccej'ar. —It was divided into 
Germania Prima or Superior, and Germania Secunda or Inferior. 
Girmania Superior extended from SwifTeiiund to the 
Mofelle; and Germania Inferior from tiie Mofelle to the 
moutlis of tlie Rhine. 
Gaul was, in the fourtli century, divided into fhe 
five great provinces, Lugdunenfis, Bdgica, Germania, Vicn. 
nenfis, and Aquitania, which were again fubdivided into 
otiier provinces. About the time of its iirft invilfion by 
the Romans, it contained above a hundred independent 
ftates. Piutarch, and forae others, increafethe imniber 
of its tribes to three or four hundred. The name of 
Gallia is confined, by modern Latin writers, to France, 
as' being the greater portion of ancient Gaul ; Belgium 
to the Netherlands; Belgium Regium, the Aiiftrian Ne¬ 
therlands.; and Belgium Fccderatum or Batavi, tiie Seven 
United Provinces. After tiie irruption of the Franks, 
this country formed part of Neufria, or the New' King¬ 
dom. Helvetia became appropriated to Swilferlaiid ; 
the term Hdvetii to tlie Swifs; and Allobroges to the people 
of Savoy.—Seethearticle Fraxce, vol. vii. p. 647, &c. 
GERMANIA ANTIQUA.—Thiscountryw'ascalled 
by the Romans Germania Magna, or Barbara. The na., 
tives culled themfelves Theutfd, Theutoni, Tlicutoncs, and 
were by others called Germani, Cdtee, Alemaani. It wa.s 
bounded by the Rhine and German Ocean on the weft; 
the Viftula, Sarmatia, and Carpathian Mountains, on 
tlie eaft; tlie Ocean, north ; aird the Danube and Alps 
fbutli. .The foreft, called the Hercynian Foraft, covered 
a great part of Germany ; the Silva, Bacena, Cefta, Ga¬ 
by-eta, Luna, and Mardana, were probably parts of it. 
It may be therefore confidered as a common name for 
the great woodland^ It was fuppofed to join the Silva 
Arduenna, in Gallia Belgica, on the one .fide, and the 
W'oods in Sarmatia Evropaa on the other. 
The rivers of ancient Germany were : Rhenus, the 
Rhine, which takes its rife in the co.untry of the Gri- 
fons ; Nicer, the Neckar ; Manus, the Maine ; Luppia, 
the Lippe ; Sala^ the Sala; Amifia, the Ems; Vifurgis, 
5 C the 
