m G E O G R A 
the Wefer; Alfus, the Elbe ; Suevmor Viadms, the Oder; 
ViJ^ula, the Viftiihi; Mans, the Marifch ; Citfns, the 
Waag‘; Danubius or JJler, the Danube, which rifes at the 
foot of a )>tountain in Wirteinberg, formerly called Ab- 
the Baar. 
The feveral tribes of the ancient Germans, are clafled 
under rhe four following general divificns :— The. IJla- 
vo'-cs, w] o were ial divided into twelve tribes, chi-jfly 
between the Rhine and the Wefer. '7 he H-rmioncs, di¬ 
vided all ., Into twelve of the inland and fouthern tribes. 
The Vindeli, into twenty.one northern tribes. The //;- 
gavoncs, into three tribes, inhabiting Denmark, Norway, 
and Sweden. 
'The German nations were alfo divided according to 
the rivers between which thev inhabileo. i. Between 
the Rhine and the Elbe. 2. Between tlie Elbe and the 
Vifiula. 3. Southerii Germany, between the Rhine and 
the Danube. 4. Germany beyond Sea.—Between the 
Rhine and the Elbe, the chief nations were the Frijii, 
Cfiauci, BruBeri, Angrivarii, Salii, Fraud or Sicambri: 
Te caedc gaudentes Sicambri 
Compofitis venerantur armis. Horace. 
the Marjl, UJipctes-FenBlicri, and Catti Alfo the Ulm, 
Mattiad, and Chenjei, who, unde; Arminius, defeated 
Varus at the head of three Roman legions.—Ingentes 
A.lbim liquere Cherufei. Clandian. 
Between the Elbe and the Vifiula were the Angli Foji, 
or Saxones, in Holftein and Mecklenburg; Cimbd, ufLcr- 
wards called Juta:, inhabiting Jutland, to wliich they 
gave the name of Ckerfonefus Cimbrica ; the Varini\ and 
the Sn?vi, a name given in common to many of the inland 
German tribes between the Elbe and Vifiula, as the 
Suevi Angli, and Siievi Semnones; the Burgundioncs, in part 
of Great Poland ; Longobardi, in BvAn&enhuvg-, Got/wnes, 
Semovii, and HeruH, in Pomerania, 
Southern Germany contained the Marcomanni, near the 
Neckar; tlie Boii, in Bohemia, and afterwards in Bava¬ 
ria ; Akmamii, after whofe name Germany is fometimes 
called Alleniagne ; towards the Maine ; Harudes, 
in Franconia; Hermunduri, in Mifnia; tie Narifci and 
Qiiadri, in Atiflria ; and the Guihini and Marfigni, in Si- 
lefia. The cliief towns v/ers : Marohudum, Bdgue-, Ebu- 
rodunum, Brin ; Eburnm, Olmutz ; Maltium, Mai piirg ; 
Lupia, Lippe ; ChaUorum Gpfldlum, HelTe Caifel ; Trophaa 
tiji, Tangeruuuid ; Amifia, Embden; Berama, Branien; 
Statio, Staden; Mariovis, Hamburgh ; Marionis Altera, 
V/ilmar; and Trcpa, Ltibec. 
Germany, beyond the Oceanus Sartnaticus, Mare Suevi- 
tum, or Sinus Codanus, the Baltic, was little known by the 
ancients. It comprehended what they luppofed to be 
two large illands : 1. Baltia, Scandia or Scandinavia, Nor¬ 
way and Sweden, z. Finingia, Finland ; with leveral 
frnaller illands; as, Codanonia, Zealand, &c. inhabited 
by the Teutones. Norway was inhabited by the Suiones, 
and Sweden by the Sitones, who are thought to liave 
their name lioiu SiEluna, their chief town. 
The Hilleviones, and other uncertain tribes, were alfo 
placed here.—Befides Hehtda, and a great part of Gallia 
Bdgica, there were other countries connedted with the 
Germans; viz. Vindelida,^Rka;tia, and Noricum. 
ViNDELici.!, the country between the Danube, from 
its foiirce to the /Enus, the Inn, was inhabited by the 
Brigantii, in the Bilhopricof Conftance, and part of Ty¬ 
rol. i he EJlioiies, and the Licates, inhabiting Walgow. 
The ^ra, m Upper Bavaria; and the Boii, in Lower 
Bavaria. .^'.Their chief towns were: Brigantiuia, Bri- 
gentz ; Cmnpoduiium, Keinpen ; Damafia or Augujia Vinde- 
iicorum, rvuglburg; IJadJca, Munich; Batava, BdiWxn. 
RhoETia, the country of the Grifons, Trent, Brixen, 
and '1 yrol, was inlrabiied by the Curia, Coire ; Saru~ 
netes, the people anu town of Sargan* ; Brixentes, tlie 
jpeople and lown of Brixen; TridenLuni) Trent; Feltria^ 
Tl'eiui; Terioli, Tirol; 
PHY. 
Videre Rhcgti Bella fub Alpjbus 
Drufiim gerentem et Vindeiici. Horace, 
Bhatia and Vindelicia, under the emperors, formed but 
one province ; the former was called Rhatia Prima or 
Propria, •'he latter Rhatia Secunda, 
The lakes in this country were, Lacus Brigantinus, the 
Lake of Conftance; Lactis Verbanus, Laco Maggiore 
Lnrus Larius, Laco di C ■mo. The rivers, befides tiie 
Ri. .le and the Danube, were Ticinus, now theTefin; 
Addia, tiie Adda ; Athejis, the Adige ; Vindo, the Wer- 
tach ; Licus, the Leek. 
Noricum, expended from the confuence of Oenus,. 
the Inn, witli he Danu''e, to Get,us Mans, Mount Ka- 
lenberg, near Viudebona, Vienna ; and as far inland as the 
ridges of the Alps, including the iiigher part of the 
Drave. It was divided into Ncricum Ripenje on the Da¬ 
nube, at prefent part of Auftria and Saltzburg ; and 
Noricum M-drterranenm, tow'ards the Alps ; now Carniola, 
Stiria, and Cari Mhia. The chief towns were : Boiodu~ 
rtiOT, Innftat; Laudacum,’Lj.rch ; Lcntta, Lintz; Jovamm, 
Saltzburg ; Leida, Cillei ; Emona, Laubach. 
SARMATIA, feu Scythia Europaea.— This 
country lies to the eaft of Germany, being bounded by 
the Viltula, Euxine, Don or Tanais, and the then un¬ 
known regions of tiie Northf. The Tanais feparated it 
from Sarmatia Afatica. The principal rivers were Vif~ 
tula, the Viftula, which difeharges itfelf into Sinus Fene.. 
dicus, the Gulf of Dantzic ; Rubo, the Lower Dwina, 
which difeharges itfelf into Sinus Clilipenus, the Gulf of- 
Livonia ; Tyra, the Nieftcr; Hypanis, the Bog; Borf 
thenes, the Nieper or Borifthenes ; Tanais, the Don or 
Tanais ; Rka, the Wolga. 
The principal tribes were—The Venedi, and EJliai or 
OJliones, who inhabited Pruflia, Livonia, the North of 
Poland, and the Infula-EleElrides, famous for the amber 
gathered on them. The Peudna, Bajlarna, and Tyrageta, 
occupied the South of Poland, and rhe country as far 
as the mouth of the Danube. Their chief towns were; 
Carrodunvm, Cracow ; Clepidava, Caminiec. 
The RoKolani, inhabited Muliovy and Little Tartary. 
Tliey were divided into tlie tivo nations of the Hamaxobi 
and Georgi. The Hamaxobi comprehended the Effedones, 
Tanaita, Bafdyda, Jazyges, and Maotida. To the north 
of tliele lay the Rhypkai, Agatkyrf, Aymafpi, Hyperborai. 
— The Georgi confilted of tiie Tauri and Bofphorani, who 
inhabited laurica Cherjonefus, Crim Tariary, which had 
been poirefTed by the Cimmerii. It was bounded to the 
W’eft by Carcinites, the Gulf of Nigropoli; to the 
eaft by Palus Maotis, the Sea of Caft'a or Zabache ; and 
the Bofphorus Cymmerivs, the Strait of Caffa, which joined 
the Palus to the Euxine : 
Boewo^oj, a fxovot 0 H/ttOixoj, aXKot Kcet 
Ggajiiof /xfltAeiTa. Hefychius. 
—Their chief towns were : Taphra, Perecop ; Cherfsr 
nefus, Cherfon; Theodifia, Caffa; Bofphorus or Pantica- 
paum, where Mithridates the Great died, now Kirche ; 
Cynmeriuin, Baciiiferai. 
DACIA.—This diftribl, in its more extenfive ufe, 
was divided into three parts : i. Dacia Vera. 2. Jazyges 
Metanofa. And, 3. Mafia. — Dada Vera, extended from 
the Danube to Montes Carpates, Mount Ciapach, between 
the rivers Patfeus or fibijcus, the Theylle, on one fide ; 
AndTyras, tlie Diiieftcr, cm the other. It was divided 
into Dada Ripenfts, Dacia Mcditerranea or Vera Gepidia, and 
Dacia Alpejlris. The mlnbitaiits towards the Euxine 
were called Geta, and thofe towards Germany, Dad. 
Their chief tovviis were; Tibijeus or Zarobara, Teme- 
fwar; Sarmizegethufa or Ulpia Trajana, Varhel or Gradi- 
Iki, the feat ut Decebalus, who was defeated by Trajan; 
Apuium or Alba-Julia, Weiffenburg ; Sandrova, Petrodava, 
Netindava, Prateria Augujia^ Cohajon Mons^ the refidence 
