GEOGRAPHY. 
3^0 
Pflprtknimty on a pvonoontory of the fame name, oppofite 
the iiland Ilva, now Elbe ; Clnfium-y the feat of king Por- 
feiia, now Clufio\ Rufclla, Portiis Herctdis Ccfani, Porto 
Hercoit ; Tarqtdnii, ironi which the T. ai qiiins took their 
tiame, Torcbina ; Vu/fodi, on a lake of the fame name, 
Bolfcna ; Cevtum Cdla, Givita Vecchia ; Ciere, the feat of 
Mezentiiis, the people of whicJi (tlte Cerius) poPfeffed 
the rigiit^ of Roman citizens, except that of voting, 
now Cer-v^eteri ; Vdi, the people of whicli were called 
Vrjrntes, long a formidable rival to the Romans, and 
taken, after a ten years fiege, by Camillus ; Falcrii, the 
people of ^■.'h!ch were named Fnlifci, taken aifo by Ca- 
ioillus; /'ly'eca;;/a, whicli gave it;> name to the Cannina 
Fcfcennina ; Soracte, liettcr know’ll as the name of a moun¬ 
tain in its neighbourhood, {'acred to Apollo : 
Vides lit al.ta' 
Stet nive candidiun Soracle. Horace. 
Rivers : Anrus, the Arno, which receives the Aufer, 
II Serchio ; Clujiiia Palus, Chiana Palnde, which com- 
miinicated with the Arvits, and alfo with the Tiber, by 
the river Qanis, la Cliiaca; Cadna, at the month of 
W' hich was the town of Fada Volaterrana ■, Unibro, Uin- 
broiie ; Marta, which flows from the Volfinian Lake j 
Cranera, which ffow's into the Tiberj noted for the 
{laughter of the Fabii, now the Baccano. 
2. Umbria \ v/hich was bounded towards the weff by 
Tufeany; and on i!ie other fides by the Rubicon, the 
Adriatic, thel'iber, Nar, and ^fls. It was divided by 
the Apennines into two parts. Of Umhria trans Apenni- 
num, inhabited by the Vdumbri, the chief towns were ; 
Ariminum, Rimini; Pifaurum, Pifaro ; Fanum Fortnna, 
I'ano ; Sena Gallica, Senegag'lia ; Fornm Scmproiiii, on the 
Metaarus, memorable for the defeat of Aldrubal, Fof- 
fornbrone ; Urbinum, Urbino ; Camarinum, the people Ca¬ 
nter tes, Camarillo. 
Of Umbria cis Apenninum, inhabited by the Olmnbri, the 
chief towns were : Tifernum, Tiberinum, Citta di Caltello ; 
Nuceria, Nocera ; Spolctium, Spoleto; Ocriculum, Otricoli; 
F’arnia, Nanii ; Interamna, Tcriii. 
Rivers: Ariminus, the Marechia ; Pi/avrus or Ifaiirus, 
the Fogliaj Metaurus, the Metaro; Afts, the Efino; 
Nar, the Nera or Negra, which receives Fdinus, the 'Ve- 
lino, oil which is the Fall of Terni. 
3. Piceuum ; which lay to the fontli of Umbria. The 
jiihabitants were called PiceiUes. Their principal town 
was Ancona, which has given the name of tJie Marqtiifate 
ot Anxona to the greater part of the country. Their 
ether tow'iis were; Auxinum, Ofnno ; Afulum, Afeoli ; 
Hadria, the chief town of a particular diliriCt belonging 
to the Pratutii, Arri j Teatc, Chieti ; Atcrman, Pefcara, 
towns ot tlie Marucim ; Amiternum, belonging to the 
'Veftini, Amiteriio. 
4. Sabinia ; bounded by the rivers Tiber, Nar, the 
Nera, and Anio, the Teveroiie ; and was divided into 
two parts by the lake or river Vdinus, the Veliiio, al¬ 
ready noticed. Their chief towns were : Cures, wlience 
the people ot Rome were called Htdriies, Correfc ; -Reate, 
near which'Fefpafiaa. was born, i-lieti; Awr/w, Norcia ; 
Amiternum, the birtii-place of Sullull; Nomculum, Crvfu- 
merium, iFidenu;, Cullutia, where lived Collatiiiiis, the huf- 
'band of Lucretia. 
ivlonnlains: Mans Steer, famous for the fecedions of 
the Roman Common^ ; Mons Lucret.ilis and Uftica. Near 
Horace’s villa, in this country, was Fans Blandufuc, which 
lie has celebrated.—O Fons Blandufne fplendidiorsvi- 
tro. Hor. —Befides the rivers already mentioned, here 
was AlLia, the Aja, famous for the defeat of the Romans 
by tJie Gauls under Breniius—Quofque fecaiis infaitltiim 
interhiit Allia numeii. Virqil. 
5. l.iiliiini-, under the Icings, w'as a fmali diftrRl, 
bounded cineily by the Anio, the Tiber, the Sea, and the 
Numicus, and anfwers to a part only of wliut is now 
called the Cahtpagna.di Roma. Under the confuls, in 
proceis ot time, as the Roman arms proved iiiccetsfnl, 
it comprehended the countries of the JFqtA ov ^rpuicvh\ 
Hernici, Rutuli, Vdfei, Auninci or Aufones. Circeeus Mons, 
and Liris, the river Garigliano, were at different times 
conhdered as its boundaries. The former was called 
Latiujti Antiquum, and the other additional countries were 
called Latimn Novum or AdjeBitium. 
The chief city of Latium Fetus, was Roma, Rome, long 
the niiftrefs of the world, about twelve miles from the 
mouth of th.e Tiber, and built on feven hills, from which 
it was called Septkollis. See the article Rome. 
The otlicr chief towns of Latium w’ere: OJlia, at the 
mouth of the Tiber, Oftie, its harbour is now dried np ; 
Lavinium, Patrica ; Laurentum, San Lorenzo ; Ardca, the 
•cltie'f city of -the Rutuli, and the retreat of Camilln# 
during Itis exile, Ardee; Lavinium, Citta I.avinia ; Ari- 
cia. Alba Longa, Palazzolo, near which is the Alban Lake 
and Mount; Tufadum, now Frafcati; near it was tke 
lake Regillvs, famous I'or the defeat of tlie Latins by 
Pofthumius the Dictator; Calm, Preenefe, Paleftrina; 
Tibur, Tivoli, noted for the pleafantnel's of its fituation, 
near which was the wood and fountain of AlLunea. 
- -Alina potens Tiburque fnperbnm, 
Ardea, Cruftumerique et turrigerte Antemnae. Firgil. 
The chief towns of iho Aiqui or Mquknli, were: Algi. 
which gave name to a mountain, Olteria; Corbio^ 
Trebia, Carfeoli, CliternU'n. 
The chief towns 6f the Hernici, were: Anagnia, Anag- 
ni; Alatrium, Alatri; Ferentinum, Ferentino ; Ferola:,VoroV\. 
The chief towns of the FolJ'ci, who inhabited a conli- 
derable part of the Campagiia cli Roma, were : Anlium, 
Nettiino, where was a celebrated temple of Fortune ; 
AJlvra ; Circeii, faid to have been the abode of Circe, 
Civita 'Pecchia, near wliich was Circeium Prom. Monte 
Circillo, oppolite the Iiland Pontia, Ponza ; here alfo 
were the Grove of Feronia, on the River Ufens, and the 
Paludes Pomptina, frequently, but in vain, attempted to 
be drained.—To the calf of the Ufens, Anxur or Terracina, 
Terracino ; Forum Appii ; Tres Tabcrnk, Cifteima; Ulubree ; 
Sucjj'a Pometia ; Cora ; Norba ; Sulmo .—Towards the Liris, 
they had feveral cities; Sora\ Arpinum, the birth-place 
of Marius and Cicero, Arpino ; FregelM) Interamna. 
The Aurutici or Aufones, once poUelled the coaft of 
Italy, from Circaum to the Straits of Sicily. The Montes 
MaJJici, beyond the Liris, became afterwards their fonth- 
ern boundary. Their chief towns were : Amyche-, Fundi, 
Fondi, near which was the Lacus Fundanus, and about it 
t\\o CtECubus Agcr, famous for its wine; Aufona •, Caieta, 
Gaieta; Fomnia,'Mo\a.', Formianiim, Cicero’s villa, where 
lie WHS alfadinated; Minturna, near the mouth of the 
Liris, in the marfhes of which Marius concealed hiiylelf; 
Sinuejfa or Sinope, the lafl town of Latium Novum., towards 
Campania, la Rocca de Mondragone j and Suef a Aunmea, 
in the Campagiiia itfelf, Lilia. 
Rivers: Tiberis, the Tiber, more anciently the Albula ; 
it receives Anio, the Teverone; the Allia, Cremera, Nar, 
Clanis, la Chiana ; ard Clitiimnus, I'amoiis for its milk- 
white herds; Aqua Crabra or Tufculana, th.e Marana; 
Numicus, the Neini or Numico ; AJtura, the Stura ; Ufens, 
Aufento; Liris, the Garigliano, which receives Trims, 
iiie Trero ; Cofa, the Pil'cia ; Fibrenus, the Fibreno ; 
Mdfs, th.e Meli'o, &c. 
6. Samnium ; which extended from Picenum and Sabinia 
to Apulia, and from Latium and Campania to the Adriatic, 
correfponding much with what is now called the 
Abruzzo. The people, belides their name ot Samnites, 
tvere'a'lfo called Sabelli) being fprung frora the Sabines. 
'I'lieir principal tribes were : the' Pdigtti, wliol'e chief 
towns were Corfnhm, San Perino ; Salnio, Sahnona, the 
birth-place of Ovid:—the Marfi, whole ci.ief towns 
were, Alba Fnc.ntis, Albi, on the Lacus Fucinvs, now called 
Lago di Cclano; Marrubium, Morea. Both of thefe 
tribes were inland ; 
Te-nenuis Angitite, vitrea te Fucinus unda, 
Te liquid! lievere lacus. Virgil. 
On 
