4fjS G E R 
to be injiirc'd by tl.Is treaty, prepared to afTcrt tlteir 
rights by force of arms, and aitiuilly commenced hofti- 
iitics againft the troops of France and Sweden: but af¬ 
ter fomc time they confented to fljeath tlieir fv/ords, and 
aJl diF'erences were happily terminated. 7')ie bledings of 
tranquillity, however, proved of fhort duration. Count 
'lekeli violated the truce in Hungary, and a numerous 
army of Tinks, having joined the malcontents, marched 
up to the Walls of Vienna: whilff the emperor and his 
courtiers took refuge in Lintz, and tlie citizens were 
cverwltclined with ccnffernation. On the i6th of July, 
-r_683, the trenches Were opened, and the hege was car¬ 
ried on witli fucli extraordinary vigour, that a confide- 
rable breach tvas inade in tiie body of the place, not- 
withffanding the intrepid gallantry of its defendants. 
But juff at the moment when all refiftance appeared 
Iruitlefs, and the Ottoman forces e.xulted in the antici¬ 
pation of their important conqueft, John Sobielki king 
<jf Poland, with the duke of Lorraine and the debtor of 
Bavaria, delcended from th.e mountains of Calemburg, 
at tl'.e head of fixty thoufand men, and defeated the in¬ 
fidels with prodigious llaugiiter. Tliis vibfory w'as fo 
complete, tliat the Turks who efcaped deftrubtion fled 
on every fide with precipitation, leaving behind them 
tl'.e great flandard of Mahomet, with their baggage, 
(lores, and artillery. 
Leopold, being now informed of the great preparations 
which the grand-figiiior had been making to repair his 
iofles, obtained a fupply of thirty-five thoufand men 
from tlic-lfatcs of tlie empire, and prevailed on tlie Ro¬ 
man pontitf to contribute to the expences of the war. 
'I'lie operations of the campaign wme left to the duke 
of Lorraine, only it was refolved that count Schultz 
Ihouid cover Moravia with ten thoufimd men, and that 
count J.ellie witli a body of Croatlans fhould act upon 
the Dravc. After gaining I'oine advantages in the neigh¬ 
bourhood of Buda, the duke of Lorraine refolved to be- 
fiege Newhaufel ; hut on hearing that the Turks had in. 
veffed Strigonia, lie immediately marched thiihcrat the 
head of tliirty thoufand men. The infidels were no 
fooner informed of Ids approach, than they retired to 
an advantageous poff, having a inarfh before them and 
tlie Danube on the right : but the duke contrived to 
draw them i:Ko an engagement, and they were defeated 
with great liaughfer. 'I'liis victory was followed by the 
redubtion of Newhaufel, Novigrade, and Wifl'egrade ; 
and tlie 'Lurks were I'o effectually difeouraged, that they 
croiTed the Danube, and retired with the iitmoft preci¬ 
pitation. 
Tile duke of Lorraine having now ftrongly reprefented 
tiiat the redubtion of Buda was elLentially necefl’ary to 
the fecurity of Jiis former conquclts, it was refolved, in 
1686, to undertake tlie liege of that city. Accordingly, 
the allies marched thither with all poflible expedition; 
and, after a month fpent in advancing their approaches, 
the duke of Lorraine and the elettor of Bavaria agreed 
I’.pon a general affault. At the firfl: fignal, the grena¬ 
diers removed the gabions from a breach wliich liad been 
recently made, and being fupported by a body of fufi- 
leers, advanced to take poifellion of the palifadoes : but 
tl’.e Turks, after difclrarging a volley of Hones, bonibsj 
and grenades, attacked them fword in hand, and com¬ 
pelled them to retire. Impatient to revenge this dif- 
grace, tiie imperialiffs rufhed again towards the breach 
with irreliflible fury, and abfually made theinfelves 
nialters of the palifadoes ; bur, the enemy fpringing a 
mine, they were all killed or dreadfully wounded. Frefh 
troops, however, preifed forward with unabated ardour, 
■and noi'.vithflanding the prodigious fire to v/hich they 
were ex'pofed, they took poireliion, and made a lodge¬ 
ment upon the ruins. 
Upon intelligence that the grand-vizir was advancing 
a»- the head of forty thoufand men, the duke of Lorraine 
i-L-folved to increaie the fire of his batteries ; and the im- 
perialiih renewed the attack witli fiicJi irreliffible fury, 
MAN Y. 
that tlie Turks were driven from their po.Hs. A dread, 
fill feene of confufion enftied, and tlie wretched inhabi¬ 
tants were inaffacred without diflinblion of age, fex, or 
quality. The Ottoman army carefully avoided an en¬ 
gagement, and the imperial Ifandard was, in 1687, planted 
on the walls of Segedin and Five-Churches. About tills 
time, alio, Leopold procured for his fon Jofeph the 
crov/n of Hungary,, and prevailed on an alfeuibiy of the 
Hates to declare tliat kingdom hereditary in the houfe 
of AuHria. 
The duke of Lorraine being feized with a dangerous 
illnefj, the elector of BaVaria undertook to open tlie 
eiifuiiig campaign ; and lie accordingly refolved to lay 
fiege to Belgrade. Having thrown a bridge acrofs the 
Save, lie marched in order of battle to force the Turks, 
wlio had intreiTched themfelves in that neighbourhood; 
but he was agreeably lurprifed to find their camp ;iban- 
doned, thougli abounding in provifions and forage. Fie 
then reconnoitred the city, and made (iich prudent ar¬ 
rangements for the profecution of the fiege, that on the 
fifth of the etifuing month the place was taken by afi'ault. 
During tliefe tranfabtions, the king of France, com¬ 
menced lioliilities againfi the empire, under colour of 
fupporting the pretenfions of the dncliefs of Orleans to 
the fuccellion of the late eleclor palatine, and of afl'ert- 
ing the right of the cardinal of Furfiemberg to the elec¬ 
torate of Cologne. Accordingly the marquis dc Boufflers,. 
having palled the Rhine, reduced Keifer-Lauter, Op- 
peiiheim, and Philiplburg; and, on the empeior’s re- 
fufing to conclude a peace, the conquering army pro¬ 
ceeded to befiege Mentz, Fraiikerdal, Triers, Spire, and 
Worms. Alaniied at thefe rapid movements, the ilates 
of the empire refolved to declare war againft the aggref- 
lors ; and they were fupported in this refolution by the 
courts of England, Sweden, Spain, and Denmark. I'lie 
eleftor of Saxony, the landgrave of Hefi'e, and the duke 
of Hanover, immediately marclied foiiie forces toward 
Frankfort; tlie bifliop of Miinfier and the marquis of 
Brandenburg engaged to fend two thoufand eight liun- 
dred men into Cologne ; the eleflor of Brandenburg- 
afleinbled his belt troops at Wcfel; and the Ilates of 
Holland fent upwards of eight thoul’aivd men into the 
country of Juliersand the eletlorate of Mentz; while 
Leopold oi dered fi.x regiments of cavalry and five of in¬ 
fantry to advance towards the Rhine. The command 
of tlie troops in Hungary being given to prince Louis of 
Baden, it was deemed advifable to aflemble tlirce armies 
on tiie Rhine; namely, tliirty tlioufand men on the Up. 
per Rhine, to aflemble at Heilbron, under tlie eleflor of 
Bavaria ; an eqnai number to affemble on the Lower 
Rliine, under the command of tlie elettor of Branden¬ 
burg; and tlie tliird body, conlifiing of forty thoufand 
men, to afienible near Frankfort, and be commanded by 
the duke of Lorraine. 
The electors of Saxony and Bavaria, and the land¬ 
grave of Hefle, arriving at the camp, it was refolved to 
undertake the fiege of Mentz, as tlie allied armies by 
tlieir lituation might be eafily united. The town was 
accordingly iiivefted on the fixteenth of July, 1689, and 
the garrifon was compelled to caiiitulate, after a fiege 
of feven weeks. Tlie conqueft of this place was foon 
followed by the redutlion of Bonn; and the duke of 
Lorraine propofed to befiege Terdcrbach, but tlie allies 
declining any new a6lion during that campaign, the 
troops retired into winter quarters. In tlie mean time, 
the prince of Baden gained three fuccefiive vidlories 
over the infidels in Hungary, forced their camp, and 
feized all their baggage, military ftores, and provifions. 
He likewife took poifellion of Nilfa and Vidin, and fia- 
tioned fix regiments in Walachia, in order toproteil tlie 
liofpodar from tlie incurfions of tlie Tartars. 
Leopold having convoked a diet at Auglburg, in 1690, 
he earnefily exhorted the eiedtors to nominate a king of 
tlie Romans; obferving, that fuch a meafure was indil- 
penfabiy necelfary ior dilappointing the ambitious liope.s 
4 " nf 
