G E R 
(/f Louis XIV, niid fecurir.g tfie f’.’anquillity of the em~ 
yire: accordingly JofepJi was crowned on the twenty- 
lixth of January, 1691, with the accuftoined ceremo¬ 
nies. About three months after tJiis event, tlte duke of 
Lorraine died in the forty-eighth year of his age, and 
the command of the imperial army devolved upon the 
eledfor of Bavaria. 
Meanwhile the grand-fignior, having declared Tekeli 
vaivodc of Tranfylvania, and chofen a new vizir, made 
great preparations for the enfuing campaign ;■ and his 
arms were, for fome time, attended with confiderable 
fuccefs. General Heifler undertook, with a body of 
four thouland men, to ciieck the progrefs of Tekeli, 
who appeared upon the frontiers of Tranfylvania ; but 
the vaivode polfelfed fuch a fuperior force, that the im- 
perialifts were foon cut in pieces, and Heiiler himfelf 
was taken pnfoner. This dcicat obliged the prince of 
Baden to pafs the Danube at Seincndrili, and during his 
abfence Nilfa and Vidin fell into the hands of the enemy. 
The grand-vizir, alfo, took that opportunity of laying 
■^ege to Belgrade; and the confutlon occafioned by an 
accidental explofion of a powder magazine, enabled him 
to carry the place by affault. 
While Catinat,. one of tlie French generals, was em¬ 
ployed in ravaging the territories of the duke of Savoy, 
Leopold had ordered the prince of Baden to watch the 
motions of the grand-vizir, who, at the head of fixty 
thoufand Turks, defigned to pat's the Save and befiege 
Effeck. The prince earneftly wilhed for an engagement, 
but the vizir contented hirnfelf with harafling his ene¬ 
mies by flight ikirmiflies, and intercepting their con¬ 
voys. This he executed fo elfedfually, that two liun- 
dred waggons loaded with provifions fell into his hands,- 
and the imperialifts were confequently reduced to great 
extremities. On the nineteenth of Augufl, however, 
the prince refolved to force the Turkifli camp ; and his 
foldiers acquitted theml'elves with I'uCh extraordinary 
gallantry, that the enemy was compelled to retire, and 
the grand-vizir himfelf was flain in the adtion. 
Early in the enfuing fpring of 1692, the French army 
palfed the Rhine near Philipfburg, and the marquis de 
Chamilly encamped before Heidelberg; while the duke 
de Lorges, at the head of thirty thouland men, crofl'ed 
the mountains in order to oppofe the prince of Baden. 
The marquis having gained the fuburbs of Heidelberg, 
and killed about five hundred of the -garrifon, entered 
the town, and compelled the g;overnor to furrender on 
capitulation. The articles being figned, and the gar- 
fifon condudled to Wimpfen, the French reduced tlie 
callle to allies, not fparing even the tombs of the elec¬ 
tors and palatine princes. About this time, the duke of 
Savoy was defeated by Catinat, at Marfaglia; and the 
approacli of the new grand-vizir with a numerous army, 
obliged the duke de Croy to rail'e the liege of Belgrade. 
Purfuant to the advice of the prince of Baden, Leo¬ 
pold, in 1694, refolved to have a fleet this year upon 
the Danube ; but Ills finances being exliaulLd, he was 
•obliged to grant comrniflions to private adventurers, 
which proved very injurious to commerce, it was alfo 
found neceflary to levy a new tax upon Hungary, in or¬ 
der to i'upport the expences of the war; and tiie court 
of Vienna was fo completely en.barralied for want of 
money, that very ferious conlequences miglit have been 
expected, had not fome loyal noblemen borrowed con- 
Sderablfi Arms upon their cTwn credit, to pay tlie garri- 
fons of Peterwaradin and the adjacent cities. Mean¬ 
while the grand-vizir palled the Save, and invefted Pe- 
ierwaradin with an army of ninety thoufand men, wJiile 
His fleet of one hundred and ten velfels advanced within 
camion-fliot of the imperialifts; but he was feverely 
haralfed by perpetual Ikirmiflies with the German forces, 
and the heavy rains which came on about tlie end of 
September, compelled him to abandon his enterprile. 
Whilft the prince of Orange was employed in the re- 
d.uiition of Dixmudc, and feme other places in the bi- 
M A N Y, 4!)9 
fhopric of Liege, the marcfchal de I.oiges, having pafTecl 
theNeckar, burnt the town of Laudenburg, and ravaged 
the adjacent country. Fie then formed a deflgn of fur- 
rounding tlie imperial army, and ordered the marquis 
d’Uxelles to fall upon their rear,'whilfr he himfelf at¬ 
tacked them in front; but the prince of Baden, lufpecf. 
ing liis intention, immediately repaffed the Rhine, and 
a fuddcn fwell of that river precluded the poflibilily of 
a purl’uit. 
In Montl'errat, the duke of Savoy and prince Eugene 
undertook the reduction of Cafa!,with an army of twelve 
thoufand men, and twenty-four pieces of cannon ; but 
after the (iege was confiderably advanced, they were 
compelled, by a heavy fall of fnow, to return into win¬ 
ter quarters. I n the month of J une, however, they again 
took the field, aird the town furrendered on capitulation. 
Meanwhile thelinipcrialifts in Hungary were obliged to 
remain upon tlie defenflve: for the Turkifli army amount¬ 
ed to upwards of a hundred thouland men; the fleet 
upon the Danube was unCerviceable for want of labors; 
the court of Vienna was (fill perplexed for money ; and 
many officers refilled to join their regiments till they had 
alfurances of receiving their arrears. 
In the beginning of Align (I, 1695, the eledtor of Sax¬ 
ony marched to Peterwaradin, and from tlieiice to tlie 
alliflance of Veterani, who guarded the frontier.s of Traii- 
fylvania ; but the Turks having made thenifelves maf- 
ters of'l itoul and Lippa, came up with Veterani before 
the eledtor’s arrival, and defeated him witli conliderable 
lol's. And now the intrigires of the French court, fe- 
conded by tlie pope’s nuncio and the Venetian envoy, 
proved fucdel'sful in detaching the duke of Savoy from 
the grand alliance. Accordingly, a treaty was juibliflied 
under the title of the neutrality of Italy; the allies be¬ 
gan to retire out of a country where they were regarded 
as enemies ; and the duke, after requefting Leo['old to 
accede to the neutrality, joined his forces with tliole of, 
F'rance. Thus, by an adventure fcarccly paralleied in 
liiltory, the fame general commanded tw'o contending 
armies in one campaign. Tlie fubl'equent liege of V'a- 
lentia obliged the allies to evacuate Italy, and halfened 
the general pacification of the following year. 
In the mean time, the elector of Saxony, who com¬ 
manded in Hungary, refolved to attack the grand-vizir’s 
army, which was eneanipcd in the plain of Ten>efwaer,, 
He accordingly ordered lix battalions, lupportc'd by tvvo 
regiments of dragoons, to force tlie intrcnchmcnts ; but 
a body of Turkifli cavalry loon compelled them to re¬ 
tire, and the janiifaries having penetrated to their feco'iid 
line, tlirew the whole army into contufion. 'i he inipe- 
rialills prepared to repafs the Reghe, but many of iheir 
braveft troops were cut off in the attenipr; and they 
were I'o perpetually liaraifed in their niareh, tliat it waa 
with diliiculty they effected a retreat to Ollalch. Shoi tiy 
aftei' this occurrence, tl-.e elector of Saxony was ciiolen 
to lucceed Jolm Sobielki on the throne of Poland. 
The French, having withdrawn their trooj>s ii'OJTi 
Italy, ordered Catinat to undertake the flege ol Aeth, 
in Flanders, with forty thoufand men, v. liile Boulliers 
and Villeroy, with tvvo other armies, oppolcd the pro. 
grefs of the allies. y\eih was loon reduced, and the 
vieforc propofed to take pofl'eliioii of tiie poll ol Ander- 
lach, which might liave laciiitated tlie ledaCtioa o) 
Brulfels and Vilvorde; but linding the allies adv.uuagL- 
oLilly fituated, they llmuglu proper to alter their dchgn. 
In 1697, the plenipotentiaries ot the allies being ai- 
rived at tiie Ffague, wliile thole of France redded uc 
Dellt, it was deemed expedient to liold the contereuces 
at Rylvvick; and baron Lillicroot, wlio adted as nitdia- 
tor, appointed the firfl conference to be iield on the ninth 
of May. The imperial niinillers made a tedious anlwei 
to tlie plan propofed by France, as Leopold was„deflroiis 
of continuing the grand alliance, to alliii: him in'plactng 
ids youngcli; foil ufmn the throne of Spain ; but Louis,_ 
having formed a limihir deflgn in favour of the duke ol 
Anjou, 
